BOSTON
PUBLIC
LIBRARY
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, Department of Justice
ligration and Naturalization Service
1995
Statistical Yearbook
of the
Immigration and
Naturalization
Service
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U.S. Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
1995
Statistical Yearbook
of the
Immigration and
Naturalization
Service
Issued March 1997
IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE
March 1997
Copies of each Statistical Yearbook from 1965 to 1995 (entitled Annual Report prior to 1978) can be purchased
from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161. Phone:
(703) 487-4650. The NTIS order number for this report is PB 97-137624.
Library of Congress
National Serials Program
International Standard Serial number:
(ISSN) 0743-538X
Suggested Citation
U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration
and Naturalization Service, 1995, U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, D.C., 1997
U.S Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
Office of the Commissioner 425 Eye Street N. W.
Washington, DC. 20536
The Attorney General
United States Department of Justice
I am pleased to submit the Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and
Naturalization Service for Fiscal Year 1995. This Yearbook contains information covering
the entire spectrum of critical Service activities from border enforcement to naturalization.
Answers to the most frequently asked statistical questions about immigration can be found
in the Yearbook.
During Fiscal Year 1995, the Service continued to focus on the Southwest border
through deterrence of illegal entry and expanded apprehension capability through
initiatives such as Operation Gatekeeper, as well as on facilitation of entry to support legal
immigration and admissions processes. The Service also increased its removal of
deportable aliens, particularly those with criminal backgrounds. In 1995, apprehensions
reached the highest level since 1986 at 1.395 million, and a record 32,000 criminal aliens
were removed.
The number of naturalized citizens increased for a third consecutive year and
reached a historical high of nearly 446,000. The total number of legal immigrants
admitted decreased by 10 percent, from 804,400 in 1994 to 720,500 in 1995.
Through this publication and other vehicles for informing the public we hope to
contribute to the discussion of immigration policy and to a better understanding of the
Service and its comprehensive immigration strategy. We hope that you and others find the
information in this Yearbook useful. We will continue to provide accurate and current
information about our immigration programs.
-Doris Meissner
1995 Statistical Yearbook
of the Immigration and
Naturalization
Service
Contents
General Information Page
Introduction 11
I. Immigrants 13
II. Refugees 72
III. Asylees 76
IV. Nonimmigrants/Parolees 98
V. Naturalizations 130
VI. Enforcement 161
VII. Public Use Files 181
VIII. Data Gaps 181
Charts, Text Tables
Charts
A. Immigrants admitted by region of birth: selected fiscal years 1955-95 12
B. Immigrants admitted to the United States from top five countries of last residence: 1821 to 1995 14
C. Immigrants admitted: fiscal years 1900-95 17
D. Immigrants admitted as immediate relatives of U.S. citizens: fiscal years 1970-95 18
E. Percent age and sex distribution of U.S. population and immigrants admitted in fiscal year 1995 25
F. Refugee and asylee initial admissions and admissions to lawful permanent resident status: fiscal years 1946-95.. 73
G. Asylum applications filed with the INS: fiscal years 1973-95 77
H. Nonimmigrants admitted by region of last residence: selected fiscal years 1955-95 98
I. Nonimmigrants admitted as temporary workers, intracompany transferees, and exchange visitors from top
twenty countries of citizenship: fiscal year 1995 99
J. Nonimmigrants admitted as students and their families for top ten countries of citizenship: fiscal year 1995 100
K. Nonimmigrants admitted by selected class of admission from top ten countries of citizenship: fiscal year 1995 .. 103
L. Nonimmigrants admitted: fiscal years 1975-95 104
Charts — Continued
Page
M. Nonimmigrants admitted by month and selected class of admission: calendar years 1992-95 105
N. Persons naturalized by provision of law: fiscal years 1908-95 131
0. Persons naturalized by decade and selected region of birth: fiscal years 1961-95 132
P. Naturalizations of immigrants in residence before 1978 by year of naturalization: fiscal years 1989-95 133
Q. Naturalizations through fiscal year 1995 of immigrants admitted in fiscal year 1977 by year 134
R. Naturalization rates through fiscal year 1995 of immigrants admitted in fiscal years 1977 and 1982 by age 136
S. Immigrants admitted, calendar years 1970-79 by selected country of birth and naturalizations of those
immigrants: fiscal years 1970-95 139
T. Aliens apprehended: fiscal years 1951-95 162
Text Tables
A. Categories of immigrants subject to the numerical cap: unadjusted and fiscal year 1995 limits 16
B. Immigrants admitted by major category of admission: fiscal year 1995 19
C. Percent of immigrants admitted by region and period: fiscal years 1955-95 22
D. Immigrants admitted from top twenty countries of birth: fiscal year 1995 23
E. Refugee status applications filed and approved and refugees admitted by selected nationality: fiscal year 1995 .. 74
F. Asylum applications filed with the INS by Central Americans: fiscal years 1989-95 77
G. Nonimmigrants admitted under the Visa Waiver Pilot Program by country of citizenship: fiscal years 1994-95 101
H. Nonimmigrants admitted from top fifteen countries of last residence in fiscal year 1995, ranked by amount of
change since fiscal year 1975 103
1. Parolees admitted by selected class of admission from top five countries of citizenship: fiscal years 1992-95 106
J. Parolees admitted by selected category of humanitarian parole from selected countries of citizenship:
fiscal years 1992-95 107
K. Median years of residence by year of naturalization and region of birth: selected fiscal years 1965-95 133
L. Naturalizations through fiscal year 1995 of immigrants admitted in fiscal years 1977 and 1982 by year 135
M. Naturalization rates through fiscal year 1995 of immigrants admitted in fiscal year 1977 by selected country
of birth 137
N. Naturalization rates through fiscal year 1995 of immigrants admitted in fiscal year 1982 by selected country
of birth 138
O. Immigration and emigration by decade: 1901-90 182
P. Estimated illegal immigrant population for top twenty countries of origin and top twenty states of residence:
October 1996 183
Contents — Continued
Detailed Tables
Immigrants
Page
1. Immigration to the United States: fiscal years 1820-1995 27
2. Immigration by region and selected country of last residence: fiscal years 1820-1995 28
3. Immigrants admitted by region and selected country of birth: fiscal years 1985-95 32
4. Immigrants admitted by type and selected class of admission: fiscal years 1988-95 34
5. Immigrants admitted by region of birth and type and class of admission: fiscal year 1995 35
6. Immigrants admitted by class of admission and region and selected foreign state of chargeability under
the preference categories: fiscal year 1995 42
7. Immigrants admitted by type of admission and region and selected country of birth: fiscal year 1995 44
8. Immigrants admitted by selected class of admission and region and selected country of birth: fiscal year 1995 ... 46
9. Immigrants admitted by selected class of admission and region and selected country of last permanent residence:
fiscal year 1995 48
10. Immigrants admitted who were adjusted to permanent resident status by selected status at entry and region and
selected country of birth: fiscal year 1995 50
1 1 . Immigrants admitted in fiscal year 1995, by calendar year of entry, type of admission, and region and selected
country of birth 52
12. Immigrants admitted by age and sex: fiscal years 1985-95 54
13. Immigrants admitted by selected country of birth, age, and sex: fiscal year 1995 55
14. Immigrants admitted by marital status, age, and sex: fiscal year 1995 58
15. Immigrant-orphans adopted by U.S. citizens by sex, age, and region and selected country of birth: fiscal year 1995 59
16. Immigrant new arrivals admitted by selected port of entry and region and selected country of birth:
fiscal year 1995 60
17. Immigrants admitted by selected country of birth and state of intended residence: fiscal year 1995 62
18. Immigrants admitted by state of intended residence: fiscal years 1987-95 65
19. Immigrants admitted by selected country of birth and selected metropolitan statistical area of intended residence:
fiscal year 1995 66
20. Immigrant beneficiaries of occupational preferences admitted by type of admission and occupation:
fiscal year 1995 69
21. Immigrants admitted by major occupation group and region and selected country of birth: fiscal year 1995 70
6
Tables — Continued
Refugees, Asylees
Page
22. Refugee-status applications: fiscal years 1980-95 79
23. Refugee-status applications by geographic area and selected country of chargeability: fiscal year 1995 80
24. Refugee approvals and admissions by geographic area of chargeability: fiscal years 1988-95 81
25. Refugee arrivals into the United States by selected country of citizenship: fiscal years 1989-95 82
26. Refugees granted lawful permanent resident status in fiscal year 1995 by calendar year of entry and region and
selected country of birth 83
27. Asylum cases filed with INS District Directors and Asylum Officers: fiscal years 1973-95 84
28. Number of individuals granted asylum by INS District Directors and Asylum Officers by selected nationality:
fiscal years 1989-95 85
29. Asylum cases filed with INS Asylum Officers by selected nationality: fiscal year 1995 86
30. Asylum cases filed with INS Asylum Officers by asylum office and state of residence: fiscal year 1995 88
31. Refugees and asylees granted lawful permanent resident status by enactment: fiscal years 1946-95 90
32. Refugees and asylees granted lawful permanent resident status by region and selected country of birth: fiscal
years 1946-95 91
33. Refugees and asylees granted lawful permanent resident status by age and sex: fiscal years 1988-95 92
34. Refugees and asylees granted lawful permanent resident status by region and selected country of birth: fiscal
years 1986-95 93
35. Refugees and asylees granted lawful permanent resident status by state of residence: fiscal years 1986-95 94
36. Refugees and asylees granted lawful permanent resident status by selected country of birth and selected
metropolitan statistical area of residence: fiscal year 1995 96
Nonimmigrants
37. Nonimmigrants admitted by selected class of admission and region and selected country of last residence:
selected fiscal years 1981-95 108
38. Nonimmigrants admitted by selected class of admission and region and selected country of citizenship: fiscal
year 1995 110
39. Nonimmigrants admitted by class of admission: selected fiscal years 1981-95 114
40. Nonimmigrants admitted as temporary workers, exchange visitors, and intracompany transferees by region and
selected country of citizenship: fiscal year 1995 116
41. Nonimmigrants admitted by selected port of entry and region and selected country of citizenship:
fiscal year 1995 122
42. Nonimmigrants admitted by age and region and selected country of citizenship: fiscal year 1995 126
43. Nonimmigrants admitted by selected class of admission and state of intended residence: fiscal year 1995 128
7
Tables — Continued
Naturalizations
Page
44. Petitions for naturalizations filed, persons naturalized, and petitions for naturalizations denied: fiscal
years 1907-95 140
45. Persons naturalized by general and special naturalization provisions: fiscal years 1990-95 '. 141
46. Persons naturalized by selected naturalization provisions and region and selected country of former allegiance:
fiscal year 1995 142
47. Persons naturalized by region and selected country of former allegiance: fiscal years 1986-95 144
48. Persons naturalized by sex, marital status, and major occupation group: fiscal years 1990-95 146
49. Persons naturalized by state of residence: fiscal years 1986-95 147
50. Persons naturalized by selected country of former allegiance and state of residence: fiscal year 1995 148
51. Persons naturalized by selected country of former allegiance and selected metropolitan statistical area of
residence: fiscal year 1995 150
52. Persons naturalized by major occupation group and region and selected country of former allegiance:
fiscal year 1995 152
53. Persons naturalized in fiscal year 1995 by calendar year of entry and region and selected country of birth 154
54. Persons naturalized by selected country of former allegiance, age, and sex: fiscal year 1995 156
55. Persons naturalized by age and sex: fiscal years 1986-95 158
56. Naturalization rates through fiscal year 1995 of immigrants admitted in fiscal year 1977 by major class of
admission and occupation 159
57. Naturalization rates through fiscal year 1995 of immigrants admitted in fiscal year 1977 by selected
country of birth 160
Enforcement
58. Aliens apprehended and expelled: fiscal years 1892-1995 164
59. Deportable aliens located by status at entry and region and selected country of nationality: fiscal year 1995 165
60. Aliens excluded by cause: fiscal years 1892-1984 166
61. Aliens excluded by cause: fiscal years 1985-95 166
62. Aliens excluded by region and selected country of birth: fiscal years 1991-95 167
63. Aliens under docket control required to depart by region and selected country of nationality: fiscal years 1991-95 168
Tables — Continued
Enforcement
Page
64. Aliens under docket control required to depart by cause and region and selected country of nationality:
fiscal year 1995 169
65. Aliens deported by cause: fiscal years 1908-80 170
66. Aliens deported by cause: fiscal years 1981-95 170
67. Aliens deported by region and selected country of nationality: fiscal years 1991-95 171
68. Aliens deported by region and selected country to which deported: fiscal years 1991-95 172
69. Aliens deported by cause and region and selected country of nationality: fiscal year 1995 173
70. Aliens deported and under docket control required to depart by status at entry: fiscal years 1990-95 174
71. Aliens deported and expelled by region and district office: fiscal year 1995 175
72. Service participation in the control of marijuana, narcotics, and dangerous drug traffic: fiscal years 1984-95 176
73. Principal activities and accomplishments of the Border Patrol: fiscal years 1989-95 177
Litigation, Legal Activity
74. Prosecutions, fines, and imprisonment for immigration and nationality violations: fiscal years 1989-95 178
75. Convictions for immigration and nationality violations: fiscal years 1989-95 178
76. Writs of habeas corpus, judicial review of orders of deportation, and declaratory judgements in exclusion and
deportation cases: fiscal years 1989-95 179
Legislation
77. Private immigration and nationality bills introduced and laws enacted: 77th through 104th Congress 180
Appendixes
1. Immigration and Naturalization Legislation A. 1-1
2. Immigration Limits: Fiscal Year 1995 A.2-2
3. Glossary A. 3-2
4. Data Sources A.4-1
5. Table Genealogy A. 5-2
9
NOTICE OF SPECIAL
GEOGRAPHIC DEFINITIONS
With the establishment of diplomatic relations with China, the United States recognized the People's Republic of China
as the official name for this sovereign nation. Previous editions of the INS Statistical Yearbook have used the
conventional term, China, Mainland to differentiate China from Taiwan. Starting with this edition of the Yearbook
China, Mainland will be shown as the People's Republic of China. Though officially considered part of the People's
Republic of China, Taiwan retains a statistical code and data for Taiwan will be shown separately when available.
Recent changes in the political and geographical definitions of the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, and
Ethiopia have led to inconsistencies in the reporting of data. Information for these republics and the independent states
emerging from them are presented in this edition of the INS Statistical Yearbook as follows:
1. Soviet Union — On January 1, 1992, the United States formally recognized 12 independent republics within the
former Soviet Union: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Georgia; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Moldova; Russia; Tajikistan;
Turkmenistan; Ukraine; and Uzbekistan. The Soviet Union has officially dissolved as an independent state.
Nationality codes have been established for the independent republics in the various INS data bases. However, a code
has been retained for the Soviet Union because, while data for fiscal years 1992-95 are generally available for the
separate republics, they are not available for all data series. In these cases, data are aggregated and presented for the
former Soviet Union and for available republics.
2. Yugoslavia — On April 7, 1992, the United States formally recognized three independent states within the Socialist
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia. On February 8, 1994, Macedonia was
recognized as an independent state. Yugoslavia has officially dissolved as an independent republic; however, for
purposes of statistical reporting, it will be shown to include the four independent states as well as Montenegro and
Serbia unless otherwise indicated. Montenegro and Serbia have asserted the formation of a joint independent state, but
this entity has not been formally recognized as a state by the United States. Nationality codes have been established for
the four independent states in the various INS data bases. However, a code has been retained for Yugoslavia because
data for fiscal years 1993-95 are not available for all independent states for all data series. In these cases, data are
aggregated and presented for the former Yugoslavia but exclude independent states shown separately.
3. Czechoslovakia — On January 1, 1993, the United States formally recognized two independent states within the
Czech and Slovak Federal Republic (CSFR or Czechoslovakia): the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic (Slovakia).
Czechoslovakia has officially dissolved as an independent republic; however, for purposes of statistical reporting, it
will be shown to include the two independent states. Nationality codes have been established for the two independent
states in the various INS data bases. However, a code has been retained for Czechoslovakia because data for fiscal
years 1994-95 are not available for the separate states for all data series. In these cases, data are aggregated and
presented only for the former Czechoslovakia.
4. Ethiopia / Eritrea — On April 27, 1993, the United States formally recognized Eritrea as a sovereign country,
independent of Ethiopia. Data for fiscal years 1994-95 are not available for Eritrea for all data series; therefore, data
for Eritrea are included with Ethiopia.
In addition, there are known cross-reporting problems for certain pairs of countries with similar names or historical
associations. These pairs of countries are: the People's Republic of China and Taiwan; the Dominican Republic and
Dominica; Nigeria and Niger; Australia and Austria; Netherlands and Netherlands Antilles; and Mauritania and
Mauritius.
For each pair, persons from one country may be reported as being from the other country. This error will cause an
understatement of the total number of persons from the larger country of the pair and an overstatement from the
smaller country. For example, the number of immigrants from the Dominican Republic is likely to be understated
while the number of immigrants from Dominica is likely to be overstated.
10
INTRODUCTION
This Yearbook provides immigration data for 1995 along with
related historical information. The major areas covered
include: immigrants admitted for legal permanent residence;
refugees approved and admitted; nonimmigrant arrivals (e.g.,
tourists, students, etc.); aliens naturalized; and aliens
apprehended and expelled.
The statistics for 1995 reflect a decline in immigration to the
United States; an all-time high in the number of tourists to the
United States; and an increase in the number of deportable
aliens apprehended.
Highlights for 1995 include:
• 720,461 persons were granted legal permanent resident
status in fiscal year 1995, a decrease of nearly 84,000
from the year before.
• Mexico was the country of birth of 89,932
immigrants — the most of any country (12.5 percent).
More than 37 percent of all immigrants were bom in Asia.
• Two-thirds of all immigrants intended to reside in six
states: California, New York, Florida, Texas, New
Jersey, and Illinois.
• Nearly one of four immigrants intended to reside in New
York City or Los Angeles.
• The republics of the former Soviet Union surpassed all other
countries for refugee arrivals with 33,119 (34.7 percent).
• More than 22.6 million nonimmigrants were
admitted — 78 percent were tourists.
Nearly 54 percent of all nonimmigrants arrived at four ports: Miami, New York, Los Angeles, and
Honolulu.
More than 364,000 nonimmigrants entered the United States as foreign students.
Mexico was the leading country of birth of naturalization with 67,277 new citizens.
Nearly 50 percent of persons naturalizing during the 1981-95 period were born in Asia.
The naturalization rates as of 1995 for immigrants admitted in 1977 range from Germany (16.8
percent) to the People's Republic of China (65.5 percent). Naturalization rates tend to be the
highest for Asian, Eastern European, and African countries.
Apprehensions of deportable aliens increased to 1.4 million — a 27-percent increase from 1994.
More than 32,000 criminal aliens were removed during 1995.
11
Chart A. Immigrants Admitted by Region of Birth:
Selected Fiscal Years 1955-95
Thousands
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
— □
North America
Asia
>] Europe
South America
Other
1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995
Source: 1980-95, Table 3; 1955-75, previous Yearbooks. See Glossary for fiscal year definitions.
12
I. IMMIGRANTS
Immigrants, as defined by U.S. immigration law, are
persons lawfully admitted for permanent residence in the
United States. They either arrive in the United States with
immigrant visas issued abroad, or adjust their status in the
United States from temporary to permanent residence.
Certain groups of immigrants are subject to a numerical
cap, while others are exempt from the cap.
More than 720,000 immigrants were
granted legal permanent resident
status during 1995.
The number of legal immigrants admitted in fiscal year
1995 totaled 720,461, 10.4 percent below the 804,416
immigrants admitted in 1994, and 20.3 percent lower than
the 904,292 immigrants admitted in 1993. ' The number of
immigrants admitted in 1995 is lower than in previous
years partly because of changes in immigrant processing
as a result of a change in the immigration law. At the end
of 1994, Congress added Section 245(i) to the Immigration
and Nationality Act, which allows aliens who are living in
the United States without authorization, but who are
eligible to acquire immigrant status, to apply directly with
the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). In
earlier years, these aliens would have had to leave the
United States and apply through the U.S. Department of
State (DOS) at a U.S. consulate abroad.
Fiscal year 1995 was the first year of implementation
under Section 245(i) in which a portion of immigrant visa
processing shifted from the DOS to the INS. During this
transition, many of the aliens who applied for adjustment
in 1995 will gain permanent resident status in 1996.
Although the exact number is unknown, the largest impact
of this shift in the application process occurs in the
categories exempt from numerical limitation, such as
immediate relatives of U.S. citizens.
The decline in immigration in fiscal year 1995 occurred in
four principal categories.
♦ Decline in Employment-based Admissions
Employment-based admissions were below the limit for the
third consecutive year, with entries well below the annual
All years cited refer lo the federal fiscal year which ends on September 30
minimum limit of 140,000. Employment-based immigration
declined from 123,291 in 1994 to 85,336 in 1995, a 31-
percent decrease. Contributing to this decline was the near
completion of the Chinese Student Protection Act (CSPA)
program which utilized employment visa authority to admit
Chinese nationals who were in the United States in 1989.
Only 4,213 CSPA immigrants were admitted in 1995, 17,084
below the 1994 total. Employment-based visas were
immediately available in 1995 to all skilled workers except
for nationals of the People's Republic of China and the
Philippines. There continues to be a backlog for unskilled
worker visas from all countries since the demand for visas
exceeds the annual limit of 10,000.
♦ Provision for Dependents of IRCA Legalized
Aliens Ends
The provision allowing up to 55,000 dependents of aliens
legalized under the Immigration Reform and Control Act
(IRCA) of 1986 to receive permanent residence ended in
1995. About 52,000 aliens were admitted under this provision
in 1992, 55,000 in 1993, and 34,000 in 1994. Only 277 aliens
entered in 1995 as the program ended. The spouses and
children of legalized aliens, however, continue to be eligible
to enter under the family second preference or as immediate
relatives of U.S. citizens if their petitioner naturalizes.
♦ Immigrants Admitted as Spouses and Parents of
U.S. Citizens Decline
The number of spouses of U.S. citizens decreased by 15
percent between 1994 and 1995 to 123,238, the lowest
number admitted since 1984. The countries with the
largest decreases were the Dominican Republic (7,816, -52
percent), Mexico (6,004, -30 percent), and the Philippines
(3,042, -22 percent). After two decades of increases, the
number of parents of U.S. citizens declined for the third
consecutive year. The number of parents admitted reached
a high of 64,764 in 1992, but has declined by 25 percent
since then, totaling only 48,382 in 1995.
♦ Refugee Adjustments Decline Slightly
The number of refugees adjusting to immigrant status
declined by 7.5 percent to 106,827 in 1995, reflecting
recent decreases in the number of refugees admitted into
the United States. Refugees are eligible to adjust to
permanent resident status one year after their arrival.
While immigration decreased for most categories and areas
of the world, there were two exceptions.
♦ African Immigration Increases
Immigration increased by 58.9 percent for aliens born in
Africa, reaching a total of 42,456 in 1995 — the highest
13
Chart B. Immigrants Admitted to the United States from the Top Five
Countries of Last Residence: 1821 to 1995
Thousands
16,000 -i
14,000 -
12,000 -
10,000 -
8,000
6,000 -
4,000 -
2,000 -
Ireland
Germany
United
Kingdom
France
Canada
Other
Germany
United
Kingdom
Ireland
Canada
Norway/
Sweden
Other
Ireland
Germany
United
Kingdom
Other
Germany
United
Kingdom
Ireland
Italy
Austria/
Hungary
Soviet
Union
Canada
United
Kingdom
Mexico
Philippines
China '
Dominican
Republic
India
Other
Mexico
Canada
Cuba
Philippines
United
Kingdom
Other
Canada
Germany
Italy
Mexico
United
Kingdom
Other
Germany
Canada
Mexico
United
Kingdom
Italy
Other
Includes People's Republic of China and Taiwan. 2 Fifteen-year period. Source: Table 2. See Glossary for fiscal year definitions.
14
ever recorded for that continent. The increase in African
immigration was primarily due to the new Diversity
Program under the Immigration Act of 1990 that began in
1995. This Diversity program allows for the annual
immigration of up to 55,000 persons from countries which
have experienced relatively low levels of immigration in
past years.
♦ Immigration of Spouses and Children of
Permanent Residents Increases
The number of spouses and children of legal permanent
residents (family second preference) increased from 115,000
in 1994 to 144,535 in 1995 due to an increase in the annual
limits. The unused employment visas in any year are
carried over in the following year and used to determine the
family-sponsored preference limit.
U.S. Immigration Program
U.S. law gives preferential immigration status to persons
with a close family relationship with a U.S. citizen or legal
permanent resident, persons with needed job skills, or
persons who qualify as refugees. Immigrants in other
categories usually account for relatively few admissions.
Since 1989, however, nearly 2.7 million former illegal
aliens have gained permanent resident status through the
legalization provisions of IRCA.
Immigration to the United States in 1995 can be divided
into two general categories: 1) those subject to the
numerical cap and 2) those not subject to the numerical cap.
Immigration Subject to the Numerical Cap
Annual Cap on Immigration
The Immigration Act of 1990 (IMMACT90) created an
annual cap of 675,000 immigrants (excluding refugee and
asylee adjustments and certain other categories). The cap
encompasses 480,000 family-sponsored immigrants, 140,000
employment-based immigrants, and 55,000 Diversity
immigrants. Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens are family-
sponsored immigrants but, unlike other family-sponsored
immigrants, the number of immediate relatives who may
enter in any year is unlimited. The cap can be exceeded,
therefore, if the number of immediate relatives of U.S.
citizens and other family-sponsored immigrants admitted
exceeds 480,000. The cap can also exceed 675,000 in any
year to the extent that family and employment visas went
unused in the preceding year, since unused visas may be
carried over for use in the subsequent year.
Preference Immigrants
The Immigration Act of 1990 maintained a preference
system for legal immigrants rooted in family relationships
and job skills. Table A provides a detailed description of
the categories and limits for 1995. The Department of
State is responsible for determining the annual limits and
visa allocation. The Department of State calculates the
number of visas for the preference categories each year
based on usage during the preceding year, and within a
minimum of 366,000 visas.2 The per-country limit is also
calculated annually and is limited to 7 percent of the
annual total; the limit for dependent areas is 2 percent of
the annual total. The maximum number of visas allowed
under the preference system in 1995 was
400,224 — 253,721 for family-sponsored immigrants and
146,503 for employment-based immigrants. Within these
overall limits, no more than 28,016 preference visas could
be issued to persons born in any independent country and
no more than 8,004 to natives of a dependent area.
In 1990, Congress made the largest changes in family-
sponsored preferences with modifications to the second
preference category. The change effectively reduced the
number of visas available for adult children of legal
permanent residents beginning in 1992 and increased the
number of visas available for spouses and minor children.
Exemption from the per-country limit also allowed spouses
and minor children of legal permanent residents from
particular high-demand countries {e.g., Mexico and the
Dominican Republic) to immigrate to the United States sooner
than would have been possible under the previous system.
In addition to increasing the level of employment-based
immigration, IMMACT90 allotted a higher proportion of
visas to highly skilled immigrants. Prior to IMMACT90,
27,000 visas were issued to highly skilled immigrants and
their family members and 27,000 were issued to certain
skilled workers, unskilled workers, and their family
members. Beginning in 1992, approximately 110,000
visas became available to skilled immigrants and 10,000
to unskilled workers. '
Transition Categories during 1992-94
IMMACT90 made visas available during the 1992-94
transition for up to 55,000 spouses and minor children of
aliens legalized under IRCA. It limited the number of
visas issued each year to 55,000 minus the amount by
which immediate relative immigrants exceeded 239,000 in
the previous year. In 1994, only 32,776 of these visas
were granted because the number of immediate relatives
visas exceeded 239,000 in 1993.
* The 366,000 figure is (he sum of the 226,000 minimum for family-
sponsored preferences and the 140,000 minimum for employment-
sponsored preferences. See Appendix 2.
The 110.000 visas reserved for highly skilled immigrants and their
family members are allocated under the employment-based first, second,
and third preferences Needed unskilled workers are limited to 10,000
visas under a special category in the third preference. The remaining
20,000 visas in the employment-based preferences are provided to special
immigrants and immigrant investors who create jobs in the United States.
15
In 1990, Congress also sought to make visas available to
countries adversely affected by the Immigration and
Nationality Act Amendments of 1965. IMMACT90
allowed for 40,000 immigrants to enter as Diversity
immigrants each year during the transition period.
Natives of 34 countries were eligible for the program in
1992, based on a decrease in total immigration after the
1965 amendments went into effect.4 Congress also
reserved a minimum of 40 percent of the 120,000 visas
Natives of Canada were added to the eligibility list beginning in fiscal
year 1993.
issued over the 3-year period for natives of Ireland. This
transitional Diversity program was replaced with a
permanent program beginning in 1995, however, a total
of 1,404 unused transitional visas were also made
available in 1995.
Diversity Program beginning in 1995
Beginning in 1995 a total of 55,000 visas were made
available annually to nationals of certain countries under
the permanent Diversity Program. Nationals of countries
with more than 50,000 numerically limited admissions
Table A
Categories of Immigrants Subject to the Numerical Cap: Unadjusted and Fiscal Year 1995 Limits
Preference
Provision
Unadjusted FY 1995
limit limit
Family-sponsored immigrants
Family-sponsored preferences
First Unmarried adult sons and daughters of U.S. citizens
Second Spouses, children, and unmarried adult sons and daughters of
permanent resident aliens
Third Married sons and daughters of U.S. citizens
Fourth Brothers and sisters of U.S. citizens (at least 21 years of age)
Immediate relatives of adult U.S. citizens (spouses, children, and parents) and
children born abroad to alien residents
Employment-based preferences
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Diversity
Diversity Transition
Priority Workers
Professionals with advanced degrees or aliens of exceptional ability
Skilled workers, professionals, needed unskilled workers
and Chinese Student Protection Act
Special immigrants
Employment creation ("Investors")
465,000 ' 507,721
226,000 253,721
23,400 2 23,400
114,200 '
141,921 '
23,400 '
23,400 '
65,000 '
65,000 '
Assumed
Assumed
254,000 '
254,000 '
140,000
146,503
40,040 4
41,858 4
40,040
41,858 '
40,040 '
41,858 '
9,940
10,465
9,940
10,464
55,000
55,000
-
1,404
Total
675,000 ' 710,628
NOTE: The annual limit is adjusted based on visa usage in the previous year.
1 The number of immediate relatives of U.S. citizens included in these figures is assumed to be 254,000. Immediate relatives may enter without any
limitation; however, the limit for family-sponsored preference visas in fiscal year 1995 is equal to 480,000 minus the number of immediate relatives
admitted in the preceding year. The limit on family-sponsored preference visas cannot go below a minimum of 226.000 — the worldwide limit of 480,000
minus 254,000. 2 Plus unused family 4th preference visas. ' Visas not used in higher preferences may be used in these categories. 4 Plus unused
employment 4th and 5th preference visas. - Represents zero.
16
Chart C
Immigrants Admitted: Fiscal Years 1900-95
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990 1995
Source: Table 1. See Glossary for fiscal year definitions.
over the preceding 5 years are excluded from participating
in the Diversity Program. Each of the eligible countries is
assigned to one of 6 regions and limits are determined by
INS for each region. The limits are calculated annually
using a formula based on the preceding 5 years' immigrant
admissions and the region's population total. The
maximum visa limit per country is 3,850.
Immigration Exempt from the Numerical Cap
Immigration usually totals more than the numerical limit
of 675,000, and for some countries is more than the per-
country limit, because certain immigrants are exempt from
the numerical cap. The major categories of immigrants
exempt from the numerical cap are:
♦ Refugee and asylee adjustments;
♦ Certain parolees from the Soviet Union and Indochina;
♦ Suspensions of deportation; and
♦ Aliens who applied for adjustment of status after having
unlawfully resided in the United States since January 1,
1982 IRC A legalization) and certain special agricultural
workers. (The application period ended on November
30, 1988 and most recipients of this status gained
permanent resident status in fiscal years 1989-92.)
Data Overview
Approximately 9.7 million immigrants were granted
permanent resident status during the past 10 years (1986-
95), including 1.6 million legalized aliens who initially
entered the United States before 1982. In comparison,
during the decade beginning in 1905, when immigration to
the United States was at its highest level, admissions
totaled 10.1 million. Although similar in number, arrivals
expressed as rates of immigration relative to the total U.S.
population during these two time periods are quite
different. The average annual number of immigrants
admitted from 1986-95 was 3.9 immigrants per thousand
U.S. residents; the annual rate during 1905-14 was 11.1.
Immigration to the United States reached its lowest point
during the Great Depression; in some years during the
1930s more persons left the United States than entered.
Immigration has generally increased since the end of
World War II, and during 1991 it reached the highest total
ever recorded (Chart C) as a result of the legalization
programs. The number of persons granted permanent
resident status in 1992 and 1993 decreased to 974,000 and
904,000, respectively, principally due to decreases in the
number of adjustments under the legalization provisions.
17
The total number of immigrants in a fiscal year includes
those who arrived from overseas with immigrant visas and
those who completed adjustment to immigrant status
during the year. New arrivals do not correspond exactly to
visas issued overseas by the Department of State.
Immigration Subject to the Numerical Cap
Family-sponsored preferences
The number of family-sponsored preference immigrants
admitted in 1995 was 238,122, an increase of 12 percent
from 1994 (Table B). Since there are more than 3.5
million persons who have been approved and are awaiting
family-sponsored preference visas, the year-to-year
fluctuations in arrivals are based on changes in the annual
limit. Not coincidentally, the limit on family-sponsored
visas also increased by 12 percent between fiscal years
1994 and 1995, from 226,000 to 253,721. As usual,
admissions were lower than visa issuances because some
intending immigrants decided not to migrate to the United
States after they received their visas or will immigrate
during the next fiscal year.
More than 60 percent of the family-sponsored preference
immigrants in 1995 were admitted under the second
preference category as spouses and children of permanent
residents (144,535). This represents an increase of 26
percent from the year before, while the annual limit on
second preference visas increased by nearly the same
percent. ! More than 69,000 second preference immigrants
were exempted from the per-country limit. This exemption
The family second preference limit increased from 1 14,200 in 1994 to
141,921 in 1995. Any unused visas among the 23,400 allocated to first
preference visas were added to the second preference limits in both years.
Chart D
Immigrants Admitted as Immediate Relatives of U.S. Citizens: Fiscal Years 1970-95
Thousands
160 -,
140 -
120 -
100 -
80 -
60 -
40 -
20
Spouses
0 -\ — i 1 1 1 — ■ 1 — ■ 1 — ■ — | 1 — | 1 — | ■ — | — i 1 — ■ 1 — i 1 — i 1 — '
1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995
Source: Table 4
18
Table B
Immigrants Admitted by Major Category of Admission: Fiscal Year 1995
Category of admission
1995
1994
Number
Change
Percent
All immigrants
Subject to numerical cap
Family-sponsored immigrants
Family-sponsored preferences
Unmarried sons/daughters of
U.S. citizens
Spouses & children of alien
residents
Married sons/daughters of
U.S. citizens
Siblings of U.S. citizens
Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens
Spouses '
Parents
Children2
Children born abroad to alien
residents
Legalization dependents
Employment-based immigrants
Priority workers
Professionals with advanced degrees
or of exceptional ability
Skilled, professionals, unskilled
Chinese Student Protection Act ..
Needed unskilled workers
Others
Special immigrants
Investors
Diversity Programs
Diversity transition
Diversity
Not subject to numerical cap
Refugees and asylees
Refugee adjustments
Asylee adjustments
Parolees (Soviet Union & Indochina)
Suspension of deportation
Total, IRCA legalization
Resident since 1982
Special Agricultural Workers
Other
720,461
804,416
-83,955
-10.4
593,234
662,029
-68,795
-10.4
460,376
463,608
-3,232
-0.7
238,122
211,961
26,161
12.3
15,182
144,535
13,181
115,000
2,001
29,535
15.2
25.7
20,876
22,191
-1,315
-5.9
57,529
61,589
-4,060
-6.6
220,360
249,764
-29,404
-11.8
123,238
145,247
-22,009
-15.2
48,382
56,370
-7,988
-14.2
48,740
48,147
593
1.2
1,894
1,883
11
.6
277
34,074
-33,797
-99.2
85,336
123,291
-37,955
-30.8
17,339
21,053
-3,714
-17.6
10,475
14,432
-3,957
-27.4
50,245
76,956
-26,777
-34.7
4,213
21,297
-17,084
-80.2
7,884
9,390
-1,506
-16.0
38,148
46,269
-8,121
-17.6
6,737
10,406
-3,669
-35.3
540
444
96
21.6
47,245
41,056
6,189
15.1
6,944
41,056
-34,112
-83.1
40,301
X
X
X
127,227
142,387
-15,160
-10.6
114,664
121,434
-6,770
-5.6
106,827
115,451
-8,624
-7.5
7,837
5,983
1,854
31.0
3,086
8,253
-5,167
-62.6
3,168
2,220
948
42.7
4,267
6,022
-7,755
-29.7
3,124
4,436
-1,312
-29.6
1,143
1,586
-443
-27.9
2,042
4,458
-2,416
-54.2
Includes fiances(ees) of U.S. citizens.
X Not applicable. Source: Table 4.
Includes children of fiances(ees) of US. citizens.
19
has allowed for increases in immigration for persons born in
Mexico and the Dominican Republic, and decreased their
waiting times to enter the United States. The leading
countries of birth for family second preference immigrants
in 1995 were Mexico (52,167), the Dominican Republic
(15,334), the Philippines (9,884), and India (8,135). Nearly
three out of four visas issued to Mexicans under the family
second preference were exempt from the per-country limit.
The second largest category of family-sponsored
immigrants includes brothers and sisters of U.S. citizens
and their families (fourth preference), which is limited to
65,000 each year. Approximately 57,500 family fourth
preference immigrants entered in 1995; their leading
countries of birth were India (7,825), Mexico (5,700), the
Philippines (4,360), Vietnam (4,313), and the People's
Republic of China (3,865).
The other family-sponsored preferences are the first
preference (unmarried sons and daughters of U.S. citizens)
and the third preference (married sons and daughters of
U.S. citizens). Nearly half of all first preference
immigrants were born in Mexico (1,979), the Philippines
(1,675), the Dominican Republic (1,332), Jamaica (1,313),
or Cuba (1,169). The leading source countries for the
family third preference immigrants in 1995 included
Poland (2,468), Mexico (2,031), the People's Republic of
China (1,833), and the Philippines (1,757).
Immediate Relatives of U.S. Citizens
Unlike family-sponsored preference immigrants,
immediate relatives of U.S. citizens may enter without
limitation. In 1995 the total number of immediate
relatives admitted declined by 12 percent to 220,360. The
number of spouses declined by 15 percent, parents
decreased by 14 percent; however, the number of children
increased by 1 percent.
The number of spouses admitted in 1995 totaled 123,238,
the lowest number of annual admissions since 1984. The
leading source countries for spouses of U.S. citizens in
1995 were Mexico (13,824), the Philippines (10,744), the
Dominican Republic (7,078), the United Kingdom (5,018),
Canada (4,388), and India (3,893). The countries with the
largest decreases between fiscal years 1994 and 1995 were
the Dominican Republic (7,816, -52 percent), Mexico
(6,004, -30 percent), the Philippines (3,042, -22 percent),
and Germany (955, -21 percent). The number of Mexican
spouses of U.S. citizens approached 33,000 in 1986, but
has generally decreased since then.
After two decades of annual increases, the number of
parents of U.S. citizens declined for the third consecutive
year. The number of parents admitted reached a high of
64,764 in 1992, but has declined by 25 percent since then,
totaling only 48,382 in 1995. Parents of U.S. citizens
primarily were born in Asian countries (57 percent). The
leading source countries included the Philippines (5,680),
the People's Republic of China (5,118), India (4,675),
Mexico (4,348), and Iran (2,771).
The increase in the number of children of U.S. citizens is
largely due to an increase in the number of orphans
admitted. The number of orphans admitted in 1995 was
9,384, an increase of 14.4 percent over 1994. The number
of Chinese orphans increased from 330 in 1993, to 748 in
1994, but jumped to 2,049 in 1995. Other leading source
countries were Russia (1,684), Korea (1,570), Guatemala
(436), and India (368). The number of Korean orphans
reached a high of 6,118 in 1986 and has declined in each
subsequent year. Other children of U.S. citizens remained
virtually unchanged between fiscal years 1994 and 1995.
Nearly 47 percent of the children of U.S. citizens (other
than orphans) were born in the Dominican Republic, the
Philippines, or Mexico.
Effect of Section 245(i) Adjustment Processing
The demand for immediate relative visas in 1995 was
greater than indicated by the decrease in number of
admissions due to a change in immigrant visa application
procedures. At the end of 1994, Section 245(i) was added
to the immigration law allowing illegal residents who were
entitled to immigrant status to remain in the United States
and to adjust to permanent resident status by applying at an
INS office. Prior to 1995, most illegal residents were
required to leave the United States and acquire a visa
abroad from the U.S. Department of State (DOS). This
change in procedures shifted a large portion of the visa
processing workload from the DOS to the INS.
The INS received nearly 203,000 applications for
adjustment to permanent resident status in 1994. 6 The
number of requests for adjustment increased to more than
470,000 in 1995, including more than 224,000 Section
245(i) applications. This represents a 132-percent increase
between fiscal years 1994 and 1995. The INS was granted
additional resources and personnel to process these
applications toward the end of 1995; therefore, there were
temporary delays in processing the applications. Prior to
1995, the normal working backlog of applications for
adjustment was approximately 100,000. By the end of
1995, the backlog had increased to 288,000.
Aliens may apply for adjustment only after an immigrant
visa is immediately available to them; historically more
than 90 percent of the applications for adjustment have
Excluding refugee and asylee adjustments
20
been approved. Most of the 288,000 persons awaiting a
decision, therefore, will be allowed to adjust from a
temporary to a permanent resident status. For those
immigrants subject to numerical limitation, the increase in
adjustments will be offset by a decrease in the number of
visas issued abroad by the DOS. This will occur because
the DOS regulates the number of visas processed so thai
actual issuances match the annual limits. Just as the DOS
will decrease their overseas visa issuances in 1996, they
increased their visas issuance in 1995 to reach the annual
limits. The effect of Section 245(i) processing in 1995,
therefore, is concentrated in categories not subject to
limitation such as immediate relatives of U.S. citizens.
The number of immediate relative admissions is likely to
increase in 1996 as the INS continues to work on
eliminating the backlog.
Legalization Dependents
A maximum of 55,000 dependents of aliens legalized
under the IRCA were allowed to receive permanent
residence in 1992, 1993, and 1994. About 52,000 aliens
were admitted under this provision in 1992, 55,000 in
1993, and 34,000 in 1994. Only 277 aliens entered in
1995 as the program ended; however, these spouses and
children of legalized aliens are eligible to enter under the
family second preference, or if their petitioner becomes a
naturalized citizen, they may enter without limitation as an
immediate relative spouse or minor child.
Diversity Immigrants
The number of immigrants admitted under the two
Diversity programs increased by 15 percent between fiscal
years 1994 and 1995: the transition program primarily
covered the years from 1992 to 1994, while the permanent
program began in 1995.
The number of transitional Diversity immigrants admitted
decreased from 41,056 in 1994 to 6,944 in 1995 as the
program ended. Many of the 1 995 immigrants were issued
visas in 1994 but entered the United States early in 1995.
Another 1 ,404 unused transition Diversity visas were carried
over from 1994 and issued in 1995. The Diversity transition
immigrants were natives of countries that Congress
determined to be adversely affected by the Immigration and
Nationality Act Amendments of 1965. Potential immigrants
among the eligible countries were selected through a
postcard lottery, with a minimum of 40 percent of the visas
issued to natives of Ireland. The leading source countries of
those admitted in 1995 were Ireland (4,307), Poland (1,320),
and the United Kingdom (800).
The first immigrants admitted under the permanent
Diversity program arrived in 1995. Although all of the
55,000 Diversity visas were issued in 1995, many were
issued toward the end of the fiscal year, resulting in only
40,301 Diversity immigrants entering during the year. As
was the case for the transitional program, aliens are selected
for the permanent Diversity program through a postcard
lottery, although the selection criteria for the two programs
differ. Nationals of countries with relatively high numbers
of immigrant admissions are excluded from participating in
the Diversity program. Each of the eligible countries is
placed in one of 6 geographic regions. An annual limit is
determined for each of the 6 regions using a formula based
on the preceding five years' immigrant admissions and the
region's population total. Under this method, Europe was
allocated 24,549 visas in 1995 and Africa was allocated
20,200 visas. No single country can receive more than
3,850 Diversity visas. The leading countries of admission
in 1995 were Poland (3,596), Ethiopia (3,088), Nigeria
(2,407), Egypt (2,229), and Romania (1,992).
Employment-based Preferences
The reforms of IMMACT90 increased the maximum
number of employment-based immigrants from 54,000 in
1991 to 140,000 in 1992. The actual number of
employment-based immigrants has been lower than 140,000
for the past three years, and totaled only 85,336 in 1995.
Employment-based visas were immediately available to all
skilled workers in 1995 except for nationals of the People's
Republic of China and the Philippines, who were subject to
per-country limitations. There continues to be a backlog for
unskilled worker visas for all countries since the demand for
these visas exceeds the annual limit of 10,000.
Nearly 59 percent of the employment-based immigrants
admitted in 1995 entered under the third preference. The
50,245 immigrants admitted under this category included
skilled workers, professionals, needed unskilled workers,
their families, and aliens subject to the Chinese Student
Protection Act (CSPA). The CSPA allowed certain
Chinese nationals living in the United States to adjust to
permanent resident status under the employment third
preference. These Chinese students and other temporary
residents had formerly been provided temporary safe
haven in the wake of the Tiananmen Square incident in the
spring of 1989. The employment-based totals in 1993 and
1994 both included more than 20,000 aliens admitted
under the CSPA. The number of CSPA immigrants
admitted in 1995 decreased to 4,213 as the adjustment
program neared closure.
There were declines in immigration among the other
employment third preference categories as well. The
number of skilled workers and professionals decreased by
18 percent to 38,148. The number of unskilled workers,
21
limited to 10,000 annually, added 7,884 to total
immigration in 1995. An unusually high number of
unskilled worker visas were issued towards the end of the
year, so many aliens had not had enough time to enter the
United States before the year ended. 7 The number of
unskilled workers admitted in 1996, therefore, is likely to
be greater than the 10,000 limit.
The number of immigrants admitted under the first
preference priority category in 1995 was 17,339 — 6,733
workers and 10,606 family members. More than 58
percent of these workers were multinational executives or
managers. Other immigrants admitted under the first
preference included aliens with extraordinary ability and
outstanding professors or researchers. The next highest
category in 1995 was the second preference. A total of
10,475 professionals with advanced degrees or aliens of
exceptional ability and their family members entered under
the second preference, a decrease of 27 percent compared
to 1994. Special immigrants entering under the
employment fourth preference numbered 6,737 in 1995.
This category included ministers, religious workers, former
employees of the U.S. government, and retired employees
of international organizations. More than one in three of
the 1995 special immigrants were religious workers. The
Immigrant visas may be used up to 4 months after issuance.
number of persons entering under the employment fifth
preference, the employment creation or "Investor"
category, was only 540 in 1995, a 22 percent increase from
the year before, but well below the 10,464 allowed by law.
Immigrants Exempt from the Numerical Cap
Nearly 18 percent of the immigrants admitted in 1995
were not subject to the numerical cap. The largest
category of unrestricted immigrants included refugee and
asylee adjustments. A total of 106,827 refugees adjusted
to permanent resident status in 1995, a 7.5-percent
decrease from 1994 (Table B). Refugees are eligible to
become immigrants 1 year after they enter the United
States; therefore, there is a lag between their arrival and
adjustment to permanent residency. Most of the refugees
who adjusted in 1995 entered the United States in 1994.
The decrease in 1995 refugee adjustments reflects
decreases in the number of refugee arrivals in earlier years.
The leading countries of birth of refugees included
Vietnam (28,592), Ukraine (14,749), Cuba (12,039), and
Russia (7,839).
Asylees must also wait 1 year after they gain asylee status
to apply for permanent resident status and, until 1992, there
was a limit of 5,000 adjustments per year. IMMACT90
increased the annual limit to 10,000 and exempted asylees
who had applied for adjustment before June 1, 1990 from
Table C
Percent of Immigrants Admitted by Region and Period: Fiscal Years 1955-95
Region
1955-95
1955-64
1965-74
1975-84
1985-89
1990-94
1995
All regions
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Europe
19.9
50.2
29.8
13.4
9.5
11.8
17.8
North and West ....
8.6
28.6
21.6
7.7
11.0
18.7
22.4
5.2
8.1
43.3
4.5
5.1
39.0
3.7
8.1
28.2
4.3
11.3
13.5
Asia
30.2
37.2
2.2
.7
1.5
2.4
2.7
2.5
5.9
.6
.4
.7
.8
.6
.4
.7
41.1
35.9
7.0
39.6
18.0
33.6
15.1
41.7
13.9
51.7
9.2
32.1
12.7
13.4
4.6
2.4
26.4
2.5
19.0
3.7
14.8
6.2
21.6
6.8
35.7
4.4
Other N. America .
23.8
14.3
5.9
5.1
6.0
6.6
6.4
5.3
6.3
Source: 1981-95. Table 3;
1955-80, previous Yearbooks.
22
Table D
Immigrants Admitted from Top Twenty Countries of Birth: Fiscal Year 1995
Change
Category of admission
1995
1994
Number
Percent
All countries 720,461
1. Mexico
2. Philippines
3. Vietnam
4. Dominican Republic
5. China, People's Republic
6. India
7. Cuba
8. Ukraine
9. Jamaica
10. Korea
11. Russia
12. Haiti
13. Poland
14. Canada
15. United Kingdom
16. El Salvador
17. Colombia
18. Pakistan
19. Taiwan
20. Iran
Other 242,558
804,416
89,932
111,398
50,984
53,535
41,752
41,345
38,512
51,189
35,463
53,985
34,748
34,921
17,937
14,727
17,432
21,010
16,398
14,349
16,047
16,011
14,560
15,249
14,021
13,333
13,824
28,048
12,932
16,068
12,427
16,326
11,744
17,644
10,838
10,847
9,774
8,698
9,377
10,032
9,201
11,422
-83,955
-10.4
■21,466
-19.3
-2,551
-4.8
407
1.0
•12,677
-24.8
•18,522
-34.3
-173
-.5
3,210
21.8
-3,578
-17.0
2,049
14.3
36
.2
-689
-4.5
688
5.2
■14,224
-50.7
-3,136
-19.5
-3,899
-23.9
-5,900
-33.4
-9
-.1
1,076
12.4
-655
-6.5
-2,221
-19.4
244,279
-1,721
any numerical restrictions. As a result, the number of
asylee adjustments increased from 4,937 in 1990 to 22,664
in 1992. The number of asylee adjustments decreased to
7,837 in 1995 as the backlog of those waiting for
adjustment declined. The leading countries of birth for
asylees in 1995 were the People's Republic of China (772),
Nicaragua (686), Yugoslavia8 (428), Haiti (408), and
Ethiopia (400). The median length of time they resided in
the country before adjustment was 4 years.
Amerasian children who were fathered by U.S. citizens
from 1962 to 1975 were allowed to immigrate to the
United States beginning in 1988. The number of
Amerasians and parolees decreased significantly between
fiscal years 1994 and 1995. Amerasians admitted as
immigrants in 1995 decreased by nearly 67 percent to 939.
Includes Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia, and the former
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
The number of Amerasians will continue to decline
because almost all of the eligible Amerasians have
migrated to the United States. The category "Parolees,
Soviet and Indochinese" refers to aliens born in Indochina
or the republics of the former Soviet Union who were
denied refugee status abroad and paroled into the United
States between August 15, 1988 and September 30, 1997.
They have been allowed to adjust to permanent resident
status since 1991. The number of these adjustments
decreased by 63 percent between fiscal years 1994 and
1995 to 3,086.
The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
established two major legalization provisions. A two-step
legalization process applied to 1) unauthorized aliens who
had resided in the United States continuously since 1982
and 2) unauthorized agricultural workers who worked in
certain perishable crops for at least 90 days during 1986.
Approximately 1 .76 million persons applied for temporary
23
resident status (first step) under the 1982 requirement and
1.28 million persons applied as agricultural workers.
Nearly 1.6 million aliens who had resided in the United
States since 1982 and nearly 1.09 million Special
Agricultural Workers were granted permanent resident
status (second step) during the 1989-94 period. Since
most of the persons eligible for adjustment had attained
that status in 1994 or earlier, the number of adjustments in
both programs in 1995 numbered only 4,267.
Region and Country
The largest share of immigrants in 1995 was from Asia
(37.2 percent), followed by North America (32. 1 percent)
(Table C). African immigrants comprised only 5.9 percent
of the total; however, the 42,456 African immigrants
admitted in 1995 were the most ever recorded for that
region. Most of the increase in African immigration
between 1994 and 1995 was due to admissions under the
Diversity Program that began in 1995.
Mexico was the leading source country of new
immigrants with 89,932 immigrants or 12.5 percent of the
total (Table D). Other leading sending countries included
the Philippines (50,984), Vietnam (41,752), the
Dominican Republic (38,512), and the People's Republic
of China (35,463). The countries with the largest
increases in immigration between fiscal years 1994 and
1995 were Yugoslavia (4,902, 144.0 percent), Cuba
(3,210, 21.8 percent), Nigeria (2,868, 72.6 percent), and
Bangladesh (2,638, 76.8 percent). The countries with the
largest decreases in immigration were Mexico (-21,466,
-19.3 percent), the People's Republic of China (-18,522,
-34.3 percent), Poland (-14,224, -50.7 percent), and the
Dominican Republic (-12,677, -24.8 percent).
Mexican immigration declined between 1994 and 1995
in part due to the end of the provision for legalization
dependents in 1994. Relatives of legalized aliens are
now considered in turn for family-based second
preference visas. If their legalized petitioner naturalizes,
however, they may enter as immediate relatives of U.S.
citizens. Mexican immigration was also lowered by the
delay in processing Section 245(i) adjustment
applications.
The decrease in the number of immigrants from the
People's Republic of China is primarily due to the near
completion of the Chinese Student Protection Act. The
number of immigrants from China entering under the
CSPA declined by 18,453 between fiscal years 1994 and
1995. Polish immigration declined in 1995 due to the end
of the transitional Diversity program.
Geographic Distribution
Immigrants intended to settle in relatively few states and
urban areas. The top six states of intended residence for
immigrants admitted in 1995 were California, New York,
Florida, Texas, New Jersey, and Illinois. These states
accounted for two out of every three immigrants admitted in
1995. They also have been the leading states of intended
residence for new immigrants each year since 1971;
California has been the leading state of residence every year
since 1976. Among the leading states, immigration between
fiscal years 1994 and 1995 was down 20 percent in
California and Illinois, and up 7 percent in Florida. Other
states with increases in immigration between 1994 and 1995
were Georgia (23 percent), Minnesota (14 percent), and
Michigan (11 percent).
More than 23 percent of immigrants admitted in 1995
intended to reside in either New York or Los Angeles. The
leading metropolitan areas of intended residence included
New York, NY (111,687) and Los Angeles-Long Beach,
CA (54,669), followed by Chicago, IL (31,730), Miami-
Hialeah, FL (30,935), Washington, DC-MD-VA (25,717),
Orange County, CA (18,187), and Boston-Lowell-
Brockton, MA (16,750).
Sex and Age
The sex ratio of the immigrants admitted in 1995 was 86
males for every 100 females. This ratio is similar to
recent historical levels; usually more females immigrate to
the United States than males. During 1988-92, however,
more men were admitted than women due to the IRCA
legalization programs. In 1991, the peak year for IRCA
legalization adjustments, the sex ratio reached 198 males
for every 100 females.
A comparison of age distributions shows that immigrants
are relatively more concentrated in the age groups from 20
to 34 years than the total U.S. population (Chart E). In
1995, the median ages for the total U.S. population were
33.1 years for males and 35.4 years for females. New
immigrants in 1995 were younger, with median ages of
27.4 years and 28.8 years, respectively.
Occupation
Approximately 34 percent of all immigrants admitted in
1995 reported having an occupation at the time of entry or
adjustment. Immigrants qualifying for immigrant status
based on their job skills under the employment-based
preferences (which totaled 37,444 admissions in 1995)
enter the U.S. workforce in their reported occupations, as
shown in Table 20. The remaining immigrants have
24
Chart E
Percent Age and Sex Distribution of U.S. Population and Immigrants Admitted in Fiscal Year 1995
10.0
Age
I |
i
|_
80 plus
Male
j" '
Female
75 to 79
it
70 to 74
1 Immigration, FY 1995
1 U.S. Population
65 to 69
r
60 to 64
— -
55 to 59
50 to 54
45 to 49
i
40 to 44
1
35 to 39
i
30 to 34
1
i
25 to 29
L~
i i
20 to 24
i
15 to 19
r~
1
10 to 14
"■
"T
5 to 9
1
0to4
j__
■ i
T '
1 '
8.0
2.0 0.0 2.0
Percent of total
Source: U.S. population data are estimates for July 1, 1995 published by the U.S. Bureau of the Census, U.S. Population Estimates by Age, Sex, Race,
andHispanic Origin: 1990 to 1995, Series PPL-41; immigrants, Table 12.
reported either the occupation in their last job before
immigration or the occupation in which they have been
trained or are qualified to perform.
More than 48 percent of the employment-based workers
have a professional specialty or technical occupation. The
leading occupational groups following professionals
included: executive, administrative, and managerial (19.8
percent); service (16.5 percent); precision production,
craft, and repair (4.5 percent); and operator, fabricator, or
laborer (3.6 percent).
The leading occupations among the 17,906 immigrants
reporting a professional or technical occupation were
nurses (4,456); engineers (2,619); social, recreation, and
religious workers (1,839); mathematical and computer
scientists (1,231); natural scientists (1,230); and post-
secondary teachers ( 1 , 1 66). Nearly two out of three of the
priority workers (first preference employment-based) had
an executive, administrative, or managerial occupation.
The second preference professionals primarily were
engineers (25.9 percent); executives, administrators, or
managers (15.5); post-secondary teachers (11.5);
physicians (10.5); and natural scientists (9.9). The third
preference skilled workers included nurses (23.3 percent);
service workers (19.5); and executives, administrators, or
managers (10.1). Nearly two out of three immigrants
admitted as needed unskilled workers reported service
occupations, and two out of three special immigrants
(employment fourth preference) were social, recreation, or
religious workers. For most employment-based
immigrants, labor certification from the Department of
Labor is generally required so that the entry of such
persons will not adversely affect U.S. workers' wages or
working conditions.
Data Collection
Aliens arriving from outside the United States (new
arrivals) generally must have a valid immigrant visa issued
25
by the U.S. Department of State to be admitted for legal
permanent residence. Aliens already in the United States
in a temporary status who are eligible to become legal
permanent residents (adjustments) are granted immigrant
status by the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service.
The source of information on new arrivals is the
immigrant visa (OF-155, Immigrant Visa and Alien
Registration, U.S. Department of State), and the source of
information on adjustments is the form granting legal
permanent resident status (1-181, Memorandum of
Creation of Record of Lawful Permanent Residence, U.S.
Immigration and Naturalization Service). After the
immigrant is admitted, the immigrant visa and adjustment
forms are forwarded to the INS Immigrant Data Capture
(IMDAC) facility for processing. The IMDAC facility
generates records that are the source of the statistics on
immigrants presented in this report. Variables collected
include: port of admission; type (or class) of admission;
country of birth, last residence, and nationality; age, sex,
and marital status; occupation; original year of entry and
class of entry for those adjusting from temporary to
permanent residence; and the state and zip code of the
immigrant's intended residence.
Limitations of Data
The number of immigrants admitted for legal permanent
residence in a year is not the same as the number of net
migrants who entered the United States in that year. The
reasons for the difference in counts are:
1) Immigrant adjustments are reported in the year the aliens
adjust their status to lawful permanent residence and not in
the year they migrate to the United States in a temporary or
other (refugee or asylee) status.
2) Some migrants (such as parolees, refugees, and asylees)
may never be counted as lawful permanent residents even
though they reside permanently in the United States (they
are not required to adjust to permanent resident status).
3) Information on emigration (immigrants permanently
departing the United States) and information on net
illegal immigration is not available (see Data Gaps
section).
Most immigrants adjusting to legal permanent resident
status entered the United States on a permanent basis prior
to their year of adjustment. All of the 4,267 immigrants
who adjusted under the legalization provision of IRCA
must have been lawful temporary residents of the United
States since 1987, or earlier. Some of the others adjusting
are refugees who must wait 1 year before applying for
permanent residence status, and, therefore, do not appear as
immigrants until they adjust their status. Some refugees
may never appear as immigrants because they do not apply
for permanent resident status, although most do adjust soon
after they become eligible.
26
TABLE 1. IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES: FISCAL YEARS 1820 - 1995
62,224327
8,385
143,439
9,127
6,911
6,354
7,912
10,199
10,837
18,875
27,382
22,520
23,322
599,125
22,633
60,482
58,640
65,365
45,374
76,242
79,340
38,914
68.069
84,066
1,713,251
80,289
104,565
52,496
78,615
114,371
154,416
234,968
226,527
297,024
369.980
2,598,214
379,466
371,603
368.645
427,833
200,877
200,436
251,306
123,126
121,282
153,640
2314
91
91
176
193
248
318
315
138
352
387
1871-80
1871 ...
1872 ...
1873 ...
1874 ...
1875 ...
1876 ...
1877 ...
1878 ...
1879 ...
1880...
1881-90
1881 ...
1882 ...
1883 ...
1884 ...
1885 ...
1886 ...
1887 ...
1888 ...
1889 ...
1890 ...
1891-1900
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901-10
1901 ...
1902 ...
1903 ...
1904 ...
1905 ...
1906 ...
1907 ...
1908 ...
1909 ...
1910...
1911-20
1911 ...
1912...
1913 ...
1914 ...
1915
1916 ...
1917 ...
1918 ...
1919...
1920 ...
2,812,191
321,350
404,806
459,803
313,339
227,498
169,986
141,857
138,469
177,826
457,257
5,246,613
669,431
788,992
603,322
518,592
395.346
334,203
490,109
546,889
444,427
455,302
3,687,564
560,319
579,663
439,730
285,631
258,536
343,267
230,832
229,299
311,715
448,572
8,795386
487,918
648,743
857,046
812,870
1,026,499
1,100,735
1,285,349
782,870
751,786
1,041,570
5,735,811
878,587
838.172
1,197,892
1,218,480
326,700
298.826
295,403
110,618
141,132
430.001
1921-30
1921 ...
1922 ...
1923 ...
1924 ...
1925 ...
1926 ...
1927 ...
1928 ...
1929 ...
1930 ...
1931-40
1931 ...
1932 ...
1933 ...
1934 ...
1935 ...
1936 ...
1937 ...
1938 ...
1939 ...
1940 ...
1941-50
1941 ...
1942 ...
1943 ...
1944...
1945 ...
1946 ...
1947 ...
1948 ...
1949 ...
1950 ...
1951-60
1951 ...
1952 ...
1953 ...
1954 ...
1955 ...
1956 ...
1957 ...
1958 ...
1959 ...
1960 ...
1961-70
1961 ...
1962 ...
1963 ...
1964 ...
1965 ...
1966 ...
1967 ...
1968 ...
1969 ...
1970 ...
4,107,209
805,228
309,556
522,919
706,896
294,314
304,488
335,175
307,255
279,678
241,700
528,431
97,139
35,576
23,068
29,470
34,956
36.329
50,244
67,895
82,998
70,756
1,035,039
51,776
28,781
23,725
28,551
38,119
108,721
147,292
170,570
188,317
249,187
2,515,479
205,717
265,520
170,434
208,177
237,790
321,625
326,867
253,265
260,686
265,398
3321,677
271,344
283,763
306,260
292,248
296,697
323,040
361,972
454,448
358,579
373,326
1971-80
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1976, TQ
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981-90
1981 ...
1982 ...
1983 ...
1984 ...
1985 ...
1986 ...
1987 ...
1988 ...
1989 ...
1990 ...
1991-95
1991 ...
1992 ...
1993 ...
1994 ...
1995 ...
NOTE: The numbers shown are as follows: from 1820-67, figures represent alien passengers arrived at seaports; from 1868-92 and 1895-97, immigrant aliens
arrived; from 1892-94 and 1898-1995, immigrant aliens admitted for permanent residence. From 1892-1903, aliens entering by cabin class were not counted as
immigrants. Land arrivals were not completely enumerated until 1908. See Glossary for fiscal year definitions.
27
TABLE 2. IMMIGRATION BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF LAST RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEARS 1820 - 1995
Region and country of
last residence '
All countries
Europe
Austria-Hungary
Austria
Hungary
Belgium
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland '
Italy
Netherlands
Norway-Sweden
Norway
Sweden
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union
Spain
Switzerland
United Kingdom ' '
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
China '°
Hong Kong
India
Iran
Israel
Japan
Korea
Philippines
Turkey
Vietnam
Other Asia
America
Canada & Newfoundland "
Mexico "
Caribbean
Cuba
Dominican Republic ...
Haiti
Jamaica
Other Caribbean
Central America
El Salvador
Other Central America
South America
Argentina
Colombia
Ecuador
Other South America
Other America
Africa
Oceania
Not specified "
See footnotes at end of table
28
8385
7,690
20
371
968
3,614
30
49
3
5
35
14
139
31
2,410
387
209
1
164
164
2
143,439
98,797
27
169
8,497
6,761
20
50,724
409
1,078
91
16
145
75
2,477
3,226
25,079
599,125
495,681
22
1,063
45,575
152.454
49
207,381
2,253
1,412
1,201
369
829
277
2,125
4,821
75,810
40
55
11,564
33,424
2,277
13,624
4,817
6,599
3,834
12301
3,834
12,301
105
44
105
44
531
856
1,713,251
1397,442
5,074
539
77,262
434,626
16
780,719
1,870
8,251
13.903
105
550
551
2,209
4,644
267,044
79
141
35
1
300
16
2
33,030
54
9
69.902
II
62,469
41,723
3,271
13,528
13,528
368
368
3,579
55
29
53,115
2,598314
2,452377
4,738
3,749
76,358
951.667
31
914,119
9,231
10,789
20,931
1,164
1,055
457
9,298
25,01 1
423.974
41,538
41,397
15
74,720
59,309
3,078
10,660
10.660
449
449
1324
210
158
29,011
2,314,824
2,065,141
7,800
7,124 '
484 '
6,734
17,094
35,986
787,468
72
435,778
11,725
9,102
109,298
2,027
2,658
2,512
6,697
23,286
606,896
64,759
64,301
186
72
166,607
153.878
2,191
9,046
9.046
95
95
1397
1,397
312
214
17,791
2,812,191
2,271,925
72,969
63,009
9,960
7,221
31,771
72,206
718.182
210
436.871
55,759
16,541
211.245
95,323
115,922
12,970
14,082
II '
39,284
5,266
28,293
548,043
1,001
124,160
123,201
149
243
404,044
383,640
5,162
13,957
13,957
157
157
1,128
358
10,914
790
TABLE 2. IMMIGRATION BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF LAST RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEARS 1820 - 1995— Continued
Region and country of
last residence '
All countries
Europe
Austria-Hungary
Austria
Hungary
Belgium
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland '
Italy
Netherlands
Norway-Sweden
Norway
Sweden
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union
Spain
Switzerland
United Kingdom ! '
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
China l0
Hong Kong
India
Iran
Israel
Japan
Korea
Philippines
Turkey
Vietnam
Other Asia
America
Canada & Newfoundland "
Mexico "
Caribbean
Cuba
Dominican Republic ....
Haiti
Jamaica
Other Caribbean
Central America
El Salvador
Other Central America
South America
Argentina
Colombia
Ecuador
Other South America ...
Other America
Africa
Oceania
Not specified 1!
See footnotes at end of table.
3,687,564
3355352
592,707 "
234.081 '
181,288'
18,167
50,231
30,770
505,152"
15,979
388,416
651,893
26,758
321,281
95,015
226,266
96,720 n
27,508
12,750
505,290 a
8,731
31,179
271,538
282
74,862
14,799
25,942
3,628
38,972
3,311
971 '
33,066
33,066
549
549
1,075
8,795386
8,056,040
2,145,266 '
668,209 !
808,511 '
41,635
65,285
73,379
341.498 2
167,519
339,065
2,045,877
48,262
440,039
190,505
249,534
69,149
53,008
1,597,306 '
27,935
34,922
525,950
39,945
323343
20,605
129,797
11,059
361,888
179,226
49,642
107,548
107,548
8,192
8,192
17,280
5,735,811
4321,887
896,342 °
453,649
442,693
33,746
3,426 4
41,983
61,897
143,945 "
184,201
146,181
1,109,524
43,718
161,469
66,395
95,074
4,813"
89,732
13,311
921,201 °
68,611
23.091
341,408
1,888'
31,400
247,236
21,278
2,082
3.965
14,063
13,024
33,523 :
5,973
1,143,671
742,185
219,004
123,424
123.424
17,159
17,159
41,899
41.899
8,443
13,427
1,147
4,107,209
2,463,194
63,548
32,868
30,680
15,846
102,194
32,430
49,610
412,202
51,084
211,234
455,315
26,948
165,780
68,531
97,249
227,734
29,994
67.646
61,742
28,958
29,676
339,570
49,064
42,619
112,059
29.907
12,739
1316,716
924,515
459,287
74,899
15.901 '
58,998
15,769
15,769
42,215
42.215
31 :
6,286
8,726
228
528,431
347,566
11,424
3,563 "
7,861
4,817
14,393
2,559
12,623
114,058"
9,119
10,973
68,028
7,150
8,700
4,740
3,960
17,026
3,329
3,871
1,370
3,258
5,512
31,572
5,835
11,949
16,595
4.928
496
195
528"
1,065
7,435
160,037
108,527
22,319
15,502
9,571
1,150 w
191 J0
4,590
5,861
673 !0
5.188
7,803
1,349™
1,223 "
337"
4,894
25
1.750
2,483
1,035,039
621,147
28,329
24,860 "
3,469
12,189
8,347
5,393
38,809
226,578 "
8,973
19,789
57,661
14,860
20,765
10,100
10,665
7,571
7,423
1,076
571
2,898
10,547
139,306
1,576
8,486
37,028
16,709
1,761
1,380
476 "
1,555
107"
4,691
798
9,551
354,804
171,718
60,589
49,725
26,313
5,627
911
16,874
21,665
5,132
16,533
21,831
3,338
3,858
9,841
12,218
29,276
7.367
14,551
142
2,515,479
1325,727
103,743
67,106
36,637
18,575
918
10,984
51,121
477,765
47,608
48,362
185,491
52,277
44,632
22,935
21,697
9,985
19,588
1,039
671
7,894
17,675
202,824
8,225
16,350
153349
9,657
15,541 '
1,973
3,388
25,476
46,250
6,231
19,307
3,519
335'
21,572
996,944
377,952
299.811
123,091
78,948
9,897
4,442
8,869 :
20,935 :
44,751
5,895
38,856
91,628
19,486
18,048
9,841
44,253
59,711
14,092
12.976
12,491
29
TABLE 2. IMMIGRATION BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF LAST RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEARS 1820 - 1995— Continued
Region and country of
last residence '
All countries
Europe
Austria-Hungary
Austria
Hungary
Belgium
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland5
Italy
Netherlands
Norway-Sweden
Norway
Sweden
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union
Spain
Switzerland
United Kingdom ' ■
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
China'0
Hong Kong
India
Iran
Israel
Japan
Korea
Philippines
Turkey
Vietnam
Other Asia
America -
Canada & Newfoundland "
Mexico "
Caribbean
Cuba
Dominican Republic ...
Haiti
Jamaica
Other Caribbean
Central America
El Salvador
Other Central America
South America
Argentina
Colombia
Ecuador
Other South America
Other America
Africa
Oceania
Not specified "
See footnotes at end of table
30
4,493,314
800,368
16,028
9,478
6.550
5,329
6.023
4,439
25,069
74,414
92,369
11,490
129,368
10,492
10,472
3,941
6,531
37,234
101,710
12,393
38,961
39,141
8,235
137,374
30,540
9,287
1,588,178
124,326
113,467
164,134
45,136
37,713
49,775
267,638
354,987
13,399
172,820
244,783
1,982,735
169,939
640.294
741,126
264,863
148,135
56,335
137.577
134,216
134,640
34,436
100,204
295,741
29.897
77,347
50,077
138.420
995
80,779
41.242
12
7338,062
761,550
24,885
18,340
6.545
7,066
7.227
5,370
32,353
91,961
38,377
31,969
67,254
12,238
15,182
4,164
11,018
83,252
40,431
30,857
57,677
20,433
8,849
14,667
18,762
8,234
2,738,157
346,747
98,215
250,786
116,172
44,273
47,085
333,746
548,764
23,233
280,782
648.354
3,615,225
156.938
1,655,843
872,051
144,578
252,035
138,379
20,474
128,911
468,088
213,539
254,549
461,847
27.327
122,849
56.315
255,356
458
176,893
45,205
1,032
1,827,167
146,671
4,455
3,511
944
701
625
629
3,978
10,887
2,929
4,608
30,316
1,303
1,796
554
1,242
17,106
4,576
6,786
31,557
2,663
1,003
16,768
2,802
1,183
342,157
23,995
15,895
42.707
9,927
5,116
5,600
25,430
68.750
3,466
14,847
126,424
1,297,580
19,931
947,923
138,591
9,474
41,422
47,046
22,977
17,672
110,820
46,923
63.897
80,308
4,231
19.272
9.962
46,843
7
33,542
7,061
156
973,977
153,260
3,934
2,895
1,039
957
874
769
4,492
12,875
2,168
12,035
11,962
1,687
2,296
790
1,506
24,491
2,774
4,907
37,069
2,041
1,303
21,924
2,741
1,961
344,802
29,554
16,802
34,841
6,995
5,938
11,735
18,734
63,478
3,203
31,172
122,350
445,194
21,541
214.128
95,945
10,890
41,948
10,756
18.280
14,071
57,849
26,077
31,772
55,725
4,083
12,885
7.322
31.435
6
24,707
5.994
20
904,292
165,711
2,914
1,880
1,034
776
792
762
3,959
9,965
2,460
13,396
3,899
1,542
2,253
713
1,540
27,288
2,075
4,517
59,949
1,791
1,263
20,422
2,781
2,907
345,425
57,775
14,026
38,653
8,908
5,216
7,673
17,320
63,406
3,487
31,894
97,067
361,476
23,898
126,642
98,185
12,976
45,464
9,899
16,761
13,085
58,666
26,794
31,872
54,077
2.972
12,597
7.400
31.108
8
25,532
6,144
804,416
166,279
2,123
1.314
809
621
759
639
3,592
8,940
2,539
16,525
2,664
1,359
1,804
515
1,289
27.597
2,163
2,932
64,502
1,756
1,183
17,666
3,183
3,732
282,449
58,867
11,953
33,173
6,998
3,982
6,974
15,417
52,832
3.880
32.387
55.986
325,173
22.243
111,415
103,750
14,216
51,221
13.166
13.909
11,238
40,256
17,669
22,587
47,505
2,474
10,653
5,943
28,435
4
24,864
5,647
720,461
132,914
2,190
1,340
850
694
1.057
588
3,178
7,896
2,404
4,851
2,594
1,284
1,607
465
1,142
13,570
2,611
4,565
54.133
1,664
1.119
14.207
7,828
4,874
259,984
41,112
10,699
33,060
5,646
3,188
5,556
15,053
49.696
4,806
37,764
53,404
282,270
18,117
90,045
96,021
17.661
38,493
13,872
16,061
9.934
32,020
11.670
20,350
46,063
2,239
10.641
6.453
26,730
5.472
3
TABLE 2. IMMIGRATION BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF LAST RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEARS 1820 - 1995— Continued
Data for years prior to 1906 relate to country whence alien came; data from 1906-79 and 1984-95 are for country of last permanent residence; and data
for 1980-83 refer to country of birth. Because of changes in boundaries, changes in lists of countries, and lack of data for specified countries for
various periods, data for certain countries, especially for the total period 1820-1995, are not comparable throughout. Data for specified countries are
included with countries to which they belonged prior to World War I.
Data for Austria and Hungary not reported until 1861.
Data for Austria and Hungary not reported separately for all years during the period.
No data available for Czechoslovakia until 1920.
Prior to 1926, data for Northern Ireland included in Ireland.
Data for Norway and Sweden not reported separately until 1871.
No data available for Romania until 1 880.
Since 1925, data for United Kingdom refer to England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
In 1920, a separate enumeration was made for the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. Since 1922, the Serb, Croat, and Slovene Kingdom recorded
as Yugoslavia.
Beginning in 1957, China includes Taiwan. As of January 1, 1979, the United States has recognized the People's Republic of China
Data not reported separately until 1952.
Data not reported separately until 1925.
Data not reported separately until 1949.
No data available for Japan until 1861.
Data not reported separately until 1948.
Prior to 1934, Philippines recorded as insular travel.
Prior to 1920, Canada and Newfoundland recorded as British North America. From 1820-98, figures include all British North America possessions.
Land arrivals not completely enumerated until 1908.
No data available for Mexico from 1886-94.
Data not reported separately until 1932.
Data for Jamaica not collected until 1953. In prior years, consolidated under British West Indies, which is included in Other Caribbean "
Included in countries "Not specified" until 1925.
From 1899-1919, data for Poland included in Austria-Hungary, Germany, and the Soviet Union
24 From 1938-45, data for Austria included in Germany.
25 Includes 32,897 persons returning in 1906 to their homes in the United States
NOTE: From 1820-67, figures represent alien passengers arrived at seaports; from 1868-91 and 1895-97, immigrant aliens arrived; from 1892-94 and
1898-1995, immigrant aliens admitted for permanent residence. From 1892-1903, aliens entering by cabin class were not counted as immigrants. Land
arrivals were not completely enumerated until 1908.
See Glossary for fiscal year definitions. For this table, fiscal year 1843 covers 9 months ending September 1843; fiscal years 1832 and 1850 cover 15
months ending December 31 of the respective years; and fiscal year 1868 covers 6 months ending June 30, 1868
- Represents zero.
31
TABLE 3. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEARS 1985-95
Region and country
of birth
All countries
Europe
Albania
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom ....
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Burma
Cambodia
China, People's Rep
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Kuwait
Laos
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Saudi Arabia
Sri Lanka
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
Vietnam
Yemen
Other Asia
Africa
Algeria
Cameroon
570,009
63,043
45
419
538
249
1,222
478
290
2,187
7,109
2,579
1,009
1,397
3,214
25
39
1,217
361
9,464
3,781
5,188
3,521
1,413
1,076
729
13,408
1,662
423
264,691
2,794
1,146
990
13,563
24,787
5,171
26,026
1.269
16,071
1,951
3,113
4,086
2,998
35,253
503
9,133
3,385
939
5,744
47,978
228
553
1.581
14.895
5.239
1.691
31.895
435
1,274
17,117
202
123
601,708
62,512
53
463
620
221
1,118
554
322
2,518
6,991
2,512
1.006
1,839
3,089
26
49
1,261
354
8,481
3,766
5,198
2,588
1,591
1,098
677
13,657
2,011
449
268,248
2,831
1,634
863
13,501
25,106
5,021
26,227
1,183
16,505
1,323
3,790
3,959
3,081
35,776
496
7,842
3,994
886
5,994
52,558
275
596
1,604
13,424
6,204
1.753
29.993
480
1,349
17,463
183
130
601,516
61,174
62
483
636
205
1,357
537
331
2,513
7,210
2,653
994
3,060
2,784
23
37
1,230
326
7,519
3,912
3,837
2,384
1,578
1,057
759
13,497
1,827
363
257,684
2,424
1,649
941
12.460
25,841
4,706
27,803
1,254
14,426
1,072
3,699
4,174
3,125
35,849
507
6,828
4,367
1,016
6,319
50,060
294
630
1,669
11,931
6,733
1,596
24,231
727
1,353
17,724
172
132
643,025
64,797
82
514
581
217
1,482
558
390
2,524
6,645
2,458
1,227
5,058
2,949
31
47
1,187
397
9,507
3,199
3,875
2,949
1,483
1.156
751
13.228
1,941
361
264,465
2,873
1,325
803
9.629
28,717
8,546
26,268
1,342
15,246
1,022
3,640
4,512
3,232
34,703
599
10,667
4,910
1,250
5.438
50,697
338
634
2,183
9,670
6,888
1,642
25,789
619
1,283
18,882
199
157
1,090,924
82,891
71
501
548
265
992
593
325
2,598
6,708
2,491
1,193
6,961
2,910
57
63
1,193
482
15,101
3,758
4,573
11,128
1,550
1,078
788
14,090
2,496
378
312,149
3,232
2,180
1,170
6,076
32,272
9,740
31,175
1,513
21,243
1,516
4,244
4,849
3,921
34,222
710
12,524
5,716
1,506
8.000
57,034
381
757
2,675
13,974
9.332
2,007
37,739
966
1,475
25,166
230
187
1,536,483
112,401
78
675
682
428
1,412
666
369
2,849
7,388
2,742
1,655
10,333
3,287
45
67
1,424
524
20,537
4,035
4,647
25,524
1,886
1,196
845
15,928
2,828
351
338,581
3,187
4,252
1,120
5,179
31,815
9,393
30,667
3,498
24,977
1.756
4,664
5,734
4,449
32,301
691
10,446
5,634
1,867
9,729
63,756
518
976
2,972
15,151
8,914
2,468
48,792
1,945
1,730
35,893
302
380
1,827,167
135,234
142
589
525
623
1,156
601
333
2,450
6,509
2.079
1.534
4,767
2,619
86
157
1,283
486
19,199
4,524
8,096
56,980
1,849
1,080
696
13,903
2,713
255
358,533
2,879
10,676
946
3,251
33,025
10,427
45,064
2,223
19,569
1,494
4,181
5,049
4,259
26,518
861
9,950
6,009
1,860
20,355
63,596
552
1.377
2,837
13,274
7,397
2,528
55,307
1,547
1,522
36,179
269
452
973,977
14532
682
701
780
1,049
1,181
764
525
3,288
9,888
1,858
1,304
12,226
2,592
419
353
1,586
665
25,504
2,748
6,500
43,614
1,631
1,463
1,023
19,973
2,604
471
356,955
2,685
3,740
816
2,573
38,907
10,452
36,755
2,916
13,233
4.111
5,104
11,028
4,036
19,359
989
8.696
5.838
2,235
10,214
61.022
584
1,081
2,940
16,344
7,090
2,488
77,735
2,056
1,928
27,086
407
236
904,292
158,254
1,400
549
657
1,029
1,000
735
544
2.864
7,312
1,884
1,091
13.590
2,487
668
529
1,430
608
27.846
2.081
5,601
58,571
1,388
1,393
972
18,783
2,809
433
358,047
2,964
3,291
849
1,639
65,578
9,161
40.121
1.767
14.841
4,072
4,494
6,908
4,741
18,026
1,129
7,285
5,465
2,026
8,927
63,457
616
1.109
2,933
14.329
6,654
2.204
59,614
1,793
2.054
27,783
360
262
804,416
160,916
1,489
499
516
981
874
606
471
2,715
6,992
1,440
880
17,256
2,305
762
663
1,239
459
28,048
2,169
3,444
63,420
1,418
1,140
877
16,326
3,405
522
292,589
2,344
3,434
938
1,404
53,985
7,731
34.921
1,367
11,422
6,025
3,425
6,093
3,990
16,011
1,065
5,089
4,319
1.480
8.698
53,535
668
989
2,426
10,032
5,489
1,840
41,345
741
1.783
26,712
364
305
See footnotes at end of table
32
TABLE 3. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEARS 1985-95— Continued
Region and country
of birth
Cape Verde
Egypt
Ethiopia
Ghana
Kenya
Liberia
Morocco
Nigeria
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
Sudan
Tanzania
Other Africa
Oceania
Australia
Fiji
New Zealand
Tonga
Other Oceania
North America
Canada
Mexico
Caribbean
Bahamas, The ....
Barbados
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Rep.
Grenada
Haiti
Jamaica
St. Lucia
Trinidad &
Tobago
Other Caribbean
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Other N. America
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Paraguay
Peru
Uruguay
.-Venezuela
OtherS America ..
Bom on board ship .
Unknown/not reported
- Represents zero.
627
2.802
3,362
1,041
735
618
570
2,846
91
371
139
1,210
271
395
1,714
4,054
1,362
980
679
669
364
182,045
11,385
61.077
83,281
533
1,625
20,334
540
23,787
934
10,165
18,923
499
2,831
3,110
26302
1,353
1,281
10,156
4,389
3,726
2,786
2,611
39,058
1,844
1.006
2,272
1,992
11,982
4,482
8,531
170
4,181
790
1,714
94
760
2,989
2,737
1,164
719
618
646
2,976
91
323
139
1,566
230
370
1,822
3,894
1,354
972
610
510
448
207,714
11,039
66,533
101,632
570
1,595
33,114
564
26,175
1.045
12,666
19,595
502
2,891
2,915
28380
1,385
1,356
10,929
5,158
4,532
2,826
2,194
130
41,874
2,187
1,079
2,332
2,243
11,408
4,516
10.367
190
4.895
699
1.854
104
657
3,377
2,156
1,120
698
622
635
3,278
92
453
197
1,741
198
385
1,811
3,993
1,253
1,205
591
545
399
216,550
11,876
72,351
102,899
556
1,665
28,916
740
24.858
1,098
14,819
23,148
496
3,543
3,060
29,296
1,354
1,391
10,693
5,729
4,751
3,294
2,084
128
44^85
2,106
1,170
2,505
2.140
11,700
4,641
11,384
291
5,901
709
1,694
144
921
3,016
2,571
1,239
773
769
715
3,343
130
571
183
1,832
217
388
1,858
3,839
1,356
1,028
668
434
353
250,009
11,783
95,039
112357
1,283
1,455
17,558
611
27,189
842
34,806
20,966
606
3.947
3,094
30,715
1,497
1,351
12,045
5,723
4,302
3,311
2,486
115
41,007
2,371
1,038
2,699
2,137
10,322
4,716
8,747
483
5,936
612
1,791
155
3
23
1,118
3,717
3,389
2,045
910
1,175
984
5,213
141
939
228
1,899
272
507
2,212
4360
1,546
968
789
646
411
607398
12,151
405,172
88,932
861
1,616
10,046
748
26,723
1,046
13,658
24,523
709
5,394
3,608
101,034
2,217
1,985
57,878
19,049
7,593
8,830
3,482
109
58,926
3,301
1,805
3,332
3,037
15,214
7,532
10.789
529
10,175
948
2,099
165
907
4,117
4,336
4,466
1,297
2,004
1,200
8,843
537
1,290
277
1,990
306
635
3,006
6,182
1,754
1,353
829
1,375
871
957358
16,812
679,068
115351
1,378
1,745
10,645
963
42,195
1,294
20,324
25,013
833
6,740
4,221
146302
3,867
2,840
80,173
32,303
12,024
11,562
3,433
125
85,819
5,437
2,843
4,191
4,049
24,189
12,476
11,362
704
15,726
1,457
3,142
243
973
5,602
5,127
3,330
1.185
1,292
1,601
7,912
869
951
458
1,854
679
500
3,125
6,236
1,678
1,349
793
1,685
731
1,210,981
13,504
946,167
140,139
1,062
1,460
10,349
982
41,405
979
47,527
23,828
766
8,407
3,374
111,093
2.377
2,341
47,351
25,527
11,451
17,842
4.204
78
79,934
3,889
3,006
8,133
2,842
19,702
9,958
11.666
538
16,237
1,161
2,622
180
757
3,576
4,602
1,867
953
999
1,316
4,551
337
693
500
2,516
675
352
2,749
5,169
2,238
807
967
703
454
384,047
15,205
213,802
97,413
641
1,091
11,791
809
41,969
848
11,002
18,915
654
7,008
2.685
57,558
1,020
1,480
26,191
10,521
6,552
8,949
2,845
69
55308
3,877
1,510
4,755
1,937
13,201
7,286
9,064
514
9.868
716
2.340
240
936
3,556
5,276
1,604
1,065
1,050
1,176
4,448
178
690
1,088
2,197
714
426
2,757
4,902
2,320
854
1,052
348
328
301380
17,156
126,561
99,438
686
1,184
13,666
683
45,420
827
10,094
17,241
634
6,577
2,426
58,162
1,035
1,368
26,818
11,870
7,306
7,086
2,679
63
53,921
2,824
1,545
4,604
1,778
12,819
7,324
8,384
668
10,447
568
2,743
217
810
3,392
4,355
1,458
1,017
1,762
1,074
3,950
213
698
1,737
2,144
651
357
2,425
4392
2,049
1,007
918
293
325
272326
16,068
111,398
104,804
589
897
14,727
507
51,189
595
13,333
14,349
449
6,292
1.877
39,908
772
1,205
17.644
7.389
5,265
5,255
2,378
48
47377
2,318
1,404
4,491
1,640
10,847
5,906
7,662
789
9,177
516
2,427
200
33
TABLE 4. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY TYPE AND SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION
FISCAL YEARS 1988-95
Type and class of admission
Total, all immigrants .
New arrivals
Adjustments
Total, IRCA legalization
Residents since 1982
Special Agricultural Workers
Total, non-legalization
Preference immigrants ,
Family -sponsored immigrants
Unmarried sons/daughters of U.S. citizens '
Spouses of alien residents '
Married sons/daughters of U.S. citizens '
Siblings of U.S. citizens2
Employment-based immigrants ' '
Priority workers
Professionals with advanced degrees or aliens of
exceptional ability
Skilled workers, professionals, other workers
Special immigrants
Employment creation
Pre-1992
Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens .
Spouses
Children'
Orphans
Parents
Refugees and asylees .
Refugee adjustments
Asylee adjustments ...
Other immigrants
Amerasians (P.L. 100-202)
Children bom abroad to alien residents
Cuban/Haitian entrants (PL. 99-603)
Diversity
Diversity transition
Legalization dependents
Nationals of adversely affected countries (PL. 99-603)
Natives of underrepresented countries (PL. 100-658) .,
Parolees, Soviet Union or Indochina (PL. 101-267)
Registered nurses and their families (PL. 101-238)
Registry, entry prior to 1/1/72
Suspension of deportation
Other •.
643,025
377,885
265,140
X
X
X
643,025
259,499
200,772
12,107
102,777
21,940
63,948
58,727
X
X
X
5,120
X
53,607
219340
130,977
40,863
9,120
47,500
81,719
76,274
5,445
82,467
319
2,997
29,002
X
X
X
6.029
X
X
X
39,999
3,772
349
1,090,924
402,431
688,493
478,814
478.814
X
612,110
274,833
217,092
13,259
112,771
26,975
64,087
57,741
X
X
X
4,986
X
52,755
217,514
125,744
41,276
7,948
50,494
84,288
79,143
5.145
35,475
8,589
2,740
2,816
X
X
X
7,068
X
X
X
10,570
3,384
308
1,536,483
435,729
1,100,754
880,372
823,704
56,668
656,111
272,742
214,550
15,861
107,686
26,751
64,252
58,192
X
X
X
4,463
X
53,729
231,680
125,426
46,065
7,088
60,189
97364
92,427
4,937
54325
13,059
2,410
710
X
X
X
20,371
8,790
X
2,954
4,633
889
509
1,827,167
443,107
1,384,060
1,123,162
214,003
909,159
704,005
275,613
216,088
15,385
110,126
27,115
63,462
59325
X
X
X
4,576
X
54,949
237,103
125,397
48,130
9,008
63,576
139,079
116,415
22,664
52310
16,010
2,224
213
X
X
X
12,268
9,802
4,998
3,069
2,282
782
562
973,977
511,769
462.208
163342
46,962
116,380
810,635
329321
213,123
12.486
118.247
22.195
60,195
116,198
5,456
58,401
47,568
4,063
59
651
235,484
128,396
42,324
6,536
64,764
117,037
106,379
10,658
128,793
17.253
2,116
99
X
33,911
52,272
1,557
880
13,661
3,572
1,293
1,013
1,166
904,292
536,294
367,998
24,278
18.717
5,561
880,014
373,788
226,776
12,819
128,308
23,385
62,264
147,012
21,114
29,468
87,689
8,158
583
X
255,059
145,843
46,788
7,348
62,428
127,343
115,539
11,804
123,824
11,116
2.030
62
X
33,468
55,344
10
2
15,772
2,178
938
1,468
1.436
804,416
490.429
313,987
6,022
4,436
1,586
798394
335,252
211,961
13,181
115,000
22,191
61,589
123,291
21,053
14,432
76.956
10,406
444
X
249,764
145,247
48,147
8,200
56,370
121,434
115,451
5,983
91,944
2,822
1,883
47
X
41,056
34,074
X
X
8,253
304
671
2,220
614
' Includes children.
1 Includes spouses and children.
1 Includes immigrants issued third preference, sixth preference, and special immigranl visas prior to fiscal year 1992.
4 Includes orphans.
X Not applicable.
34
TABLE 5. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY REGION OF BIRTH AND TYPE AND CLASS OF ADMISSION
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Type and class of admission
Europe
North
America
Total, all immigrants
Total, subject to the Numerical Cap
New arrivals
Adjustments
Total, not subject to the Numerical Cap
New arrivals
Adjustments
Adjustments, IRCA legalization
Total, subject to the Numerical Cap
Total, family-sponsored immigrants
Family-sponsored preferences
Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens
Children born abroad to alien residents
Legalization dependents
Employment-based preferences
Diversity
Diversity transition
Total, family-sponsored preferences
Total, family 1st preference
1st preference, unmarried sons/daughters of U.S. citizens
New arrivals (Fl 1, Al 1)
Adjustments (F16, A16)
1st preference, children of Fl 1, F16, All, A16
New arrivals (F12, A12)
Adjustments (F17, A17)
Total, family 2nd preference
Total, subject to country limitations
Total, exempt from country limitations
2nd preference, spouses of alien residents
Subject to country limitations
New arrivals (F21)
New arrivals, conditional (C21)
Adjustments (F26)
Adjustments, conditional (C26)
Exempt from country limitations
New arrivals (FX1)
New arrivals, conditional (CXI)
Adjustments (FX6)
Adjustments, conditional (CX6)
2nd preference, children of alien residents
Subject to country limitations
New arrivals (F22)
Adjustments (F27)
Adjustments, conditional (C27)
Exempt from country limitations
New arrivals (FX2)
New arrivals, conditional (CX2)
Adjustments (FX7)
See footnotes at end of table.
720,461
593,234
378,839
214,395
127,227
1,452
121,508
4,267
128,185
78,801
43,679
35,122
49,384
40
49,254
90
267,931
221,656
149,371
72,285
46,275
1,139
44,972
164
42,456
34,668
21,432
13,236
7,788
1
7,718
69
4,695
4,605
2,448
2,157
90
2
79
9
231,526
208,725
134,614
74,111
22,801
267
18,787
3,747
593,234
460376
238,122
220,360
1,894
277
85,336
40,301
6,944
238,122
15,182
11,219
8,999
2,220
3,963
3,570
393
144,535
75,226
69309
38,828
16,464
9,356
2
7,099
7
22,364
16,227
5
6,131
1
59,574
19,187
9,629
9,555
3
40,387
31,945
3
8,439
78,801
41,438
9,752
31,324
362
17
13,605
17,185
6,556
9,752
1,234
1,023
789
234
211
177
34
2,792
1,773
1,019
1,194
671
459
212
523
326
927
512
395
117
415
280
221,656
167,121
84,177
82,281
663
58
48,059
6,287
131
84,177
3,897
3,100
2,584
516
797
724
73
35,907
26351
9,556
10,319
5,902
4,955
946
1
4,417
3,523
1
893
6,859
3,521
2,832
689
3,338
2,643
34,668
17,065
4,538
12,478
49
14
3,829
13,700
60
4,538
538
491
398
93
47
44
3
2327
1,294
1,033
873
369
241
1
127
504
340
2
162
725
316
270
46
409
345
1
63
4,605
3,189
985
2,188
16
822
581
13
59
48
28
20
11
11
209
144
65
64
39
34
208,725
194,044
121,650
71,720
674
121
13,354
1,035
171
121,650
8,000
5,549
4,437
1,112
2,451
2,229
222
93,076
39,014
54,062
23.464
8,086
2,543
1
5,536
6
15,378
10,977
4,400
1
48,462
13,550
5,041
8,506
3
34,912
27,722
1
7,189
35
TABLE 5. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY REGION OF BIRTH AND TYPE AND CLASS OF ADMISSION
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Type and class of admission
Europe
North
America
2nd preference, children of 2nd. pref spouse or child
Subject to country limitations
New arrivals (F23)
Adjustments (F28)
Exempt from country limitations
New arrivals (FX3)
Adjustments (FX8)
2nd preference, unmarried sons and daughters of alien residents
New arrivals (F24)
Adjustments (F29)
2nd preference, children of F24, F29, C24, C29
New arrivals (F25)
Adjustments (F20)
Adjustments, conditional (C20)
Total, family 3rd preference
3rd preference, married sons/daughters of U.S. citizens
New arrivals (F31, A31)
Adjustments (F36, A36)
3rd preference, spouses of F31, F36, A31, A36, C31, C36
New arrivals (F32, A32)
Adjustments (F37, A37)
3rd preference, children of F31, F36, A31, A36, C31, C36
New arrivals (F33, A33)
Adjustments (F38, A38)
Total, family 4th preference
4th preference, brothers or sisters of U.S. citizens
New arrivals (F41)
Adjustments, (F46)
4th preference, spouses of F41 and F46
New arrivals (F42)
Adjustments, (F47)
4th preference, children of F41 and F46
New arrivals (F43)
Adjustments (F48)
Total, immediate relatives of U.S. citizens
Total, spouses of U.S. citizens
New arrivals (IR1)
New arrivals, conditional (CR1)
New arrivals, widow or widower (1W1)
Adjustments (IR6)
Adjustments, conditional (CR6)
Adjustments, entered as a fiance(e) (IF1)
Adjustments, entered as a fiance(e), conditional (CF1)
Adjustments, widow or widower (1W6)
Total, children of U.S. citizens ,
New arrivals (IR2, AR1)
New arrivals, conditional (CR2)
New arrivals, entered as child or widow(er) (IW2)
Adjustments (IR7, AR6)
Adjustments, conditional (CR7)
Adjustments, entered as child of a fiance(e) (IF2)
Adjustments, entered as child of a fiance(e), conditional (CF2)
Adjustments, entered as child or widow(er) (IW7)
See footnotes at end of table.
12,558
6,000
5,955
45
6,558
6,473
85
24,174
22,116
2,058
9,401
9,266
134
1
20,876
5,719
5,346
373
5,052
4,779
273
10,105
9,675
430
57,529
19,332
18,329
1,003
13,293
12,895
398
24,904
24,257
647
220360
123,238
16,222
30,208
43
17,799
52,992
83
5,839
52
48,740
23,094
7,187
1
5,509
3,067
34
458
6
163
82
76
6
81
76
5
429
343
86
79
70
9
3,413
928
865
63
874
822
52
1,611
1,552
59
2313
636
586
50
485
456
29
1,192
1,143
49
31,324
22,448
3,145
5,267
10
2,101
10,594
9
1,312
10
5,877
1,202
794
547
526
2
146
4,456
2,655
2,643
12
1,801
1,768
33
12,314
11,549
765
1,959
1,920
38
1
9,406
2,654
2,516
138
2,286
2,182
104
4,466
4,304
162
34,967
11,497
10,915
582
8,663
8,449
214
14,807
14,470
337
82,281
39,643
6,132
13,052
21
4,378
13,094
55
2,901
10
15,153
7,419
1,175
1
1,100
443
18
154
262
142
140
2
120
118
2
376
314
62
91
90
1
318
93
81
12
90
79
II
135
128
7
1355
505
481
24
316
307
9
534
528
6
12,478
8,442
730
2,039
1,315
4,065
4
287
2
1,884
1,286
146
245
82
2
19
644
177
172
5
140
137
3
327
320
7
2,188
1,775
260
411
1
212
784
1
106
177
65
22
52
24
6,221
2,449
2,427
22
3,772
3,740
32
8,759
7,815
944
6,170
6,115
55
5,999
1,591
1,470
121
1,388
1.312
76
3,020
2,874
146
14^75
5,215
4,930
285
2,882
2,771
111
6,478
6,284
194
71,720
39,079
4,987
6,671
7
8,279
18,151
11
944
29
20,918
11,533
4,111
3,042
1,351
12
99
6
36
TABLE 5. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY REGION OF BIRTH AND TYPE AND CLASS OF ADMISSION
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Type and class of admission
Europe
North
America
Total, orphans
Orphans adopted abroad
New arrivals (IR3)
Adjustments (IR8)
Orphans to be adopted
New arrivals (IR4)
Adjustments (IR9)
Total, parents of adult U.S. citizens
New arrivals (IR5)
Adjustments (IRO)
Children born abroad to alien residents (NA3)
Total, legalization dependents
Spouses of aliens granted legalization
New arrivals (LB1)
Adjustments (LB6)
Children of aliens granted legalization
New arrivals (LB2)
Adjustments (LB7)
Total, employment-based preferences ,
Total, employment 1st preference
1st preference, aliens with extraordinary ability
New arrivals (El 1)
Adjustments (E16)
1st preference, outstanding professors or researchers
New arrivals (E12)
Adjustments (El 7)
1st preference, multinational executives or managers
New arrivals (E13)
Adjustments (El 8)
1st preference, spouses of El 1, E16, E12, E17, E13, E18 ..
New arrivals (E14)
Adjustments (E19)
1st preference, children of El 1, E16, E12, E17, E13, E18 .
New arrivals (E15)
Adjustments (E10)
Total, employment 2nd preference
2nd preference, professionals holding advanced degrees ...
New arrivals (E21)
New arrivals, Soviet Scientists Act (ESI)
Adjustments (E26)
Adjustments, Soviet Scientists Act (ES6)
2nd preference, spouses of E21, E26
New arrivals (E22)
Adjustments (E27)
2nd preference, children of E21, E26
New arrivals (E23)
Adjustments (E28)
Total, employment 3rd preference
Total, skilled workers, professionals, and their families
3rd preference, skilled workers
New arrivals (E31)
Adjustments (E36)
9,384
5,167
5,139
28
4,217
4,210
7
48382
34,903
13,479
1,894
277
105
5
100
172
12
160
85336
17339
1,194
320
874
1,617
76
1,541
3,922
801
3,121
4,951
963
3,988
5,655
1,308
4,347
10,475
4,952
340
1
4,568
43
3,455
349
3,106
2,068
472
1,596
50345
42361
9,094
1,993
7,101
2,660
1,888
1,879
9
772
772
2,999
1,481
1,518
362
13,605
5,932
559
143
416
561
38
523
1,382
294
1,088
1,676
314
1,362
1,754
347
1,407
1,760
812
75
1
694
42
469
52
417
479
73
406
5,113
4,565
1,550
399
1,151
4,843
1,984
1,978
6
2,859
2,856
3
27,485
21,048
6,437
663
58
27
27
31
48,059
6,056
373
78
295
785
20
765
1,245
200
1,045
1,901
328
1,573
1,752
408
1,344
6,656
3,285
140
3,144
1
2,445
205
2,240
926
247
679
31,686
29,122
4,685
1,034
3,651
104
79
78
1
25
24
1
2,152
1,290
862
49
14
8
3
5
6
3,829
732
54
17
37
87
5
82
147
26
121
194
39
155
250
51
199
595
269
24
175
19
156
151
29
122
1,895
1,746
434
9
6
6
3
3
236
131
105
387
41
14
27
20
3
17
93
15
78
94
12
82
139
31
108
64
36
2
304
133
24
109
764
308
296
12
456
453
3
11,723
8,311
3,412
674
121
33
2
31
13354
3,172
93
37
56
99
8
91
813
230
583
809
223
586
1,358
386
972
987
357
73
233
56
177
397
110
287
7332
4303
1.488
286
1,202
See footnotes at end of table
37
TABLE 5. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY REGION OF BIRTH AND TYPE AND CLASS OF ADMISSION
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Type and class of admission
Europe
North
America
3rd preference, professionals with a baccalaureate degree
New arrivals (E32)
Adjustments (E37)
3rd preference, spouses of E31, E36, E32, E37
New arrivals (E34)
Adjustments (E39)
3rd preference, children of E31, E36, E32, E37
New arrivals (E35)
Adjustments (E30)
3rd preference, Chinese Student Protection Act
Principals, adjustments (EC6)
Spouses, adjustments (EC7)
Children, adjustments (EC8)
Total, unskilled workers and their families
3rd preference, needed unskilled workers
New arrivals (EW3)
Adjustments (EW8)
3rd preference, spouses of EW3, EW8
New arrivals (EW4)
Adjustments (EW9)
3rd preference, children of EW3, EW8
New arrivals (EW5)
Adjustments (EWO)
Total, employment 4th preference, special immigrants
Total, ministers, spouses, and children
Ministers
New arrivals (SD1)
Adjustments (SD6)
Spouses of ministers
New arrivals (SD2)
Adjustments (SD7)
Children of ministers
New arrivals (SD3)
Adjustments (SD8)
Total, employees of U.S. government abroad, spouses & children
Employees of U.S. government abroad
New arrivals (SE1)
Adjustments (SE6)
Spouses of employees of US government abroad
New arrivals (SE2)
Adjustments (SE7)
Children of employees of U.S. government abroad
New arrivals (SE3)
Adjustments (SE8)
Total, Panama Canal Act (P.L. 96-70)
Certain former emp of the PC Co and CZ government
New arrivals (SF1)
Adjustments (SF6)
Accompanying spouses or children of SF1 and SF6
New arrivals (SF2)
Adjustments (SF7)
Certain former emp. of U.S. government in Panama CZ
New arrivals (SGI)
Accompanying spouses or children of SGI and SG6
New arrivals (SG2)
See footnotes at end of table.
5,792
563
5,229
11,265
2,749
8,516
11,997
4,593
7,404
4,213
4,134
28
51
7,884
3,636
1,515
2,121
1,681
887
794
2,567
1,758
809
6,737
1,993
694
230
464
460
209
251
839
456
383
902
267
265
2
210
209
1
425
424
1
30
2
1
1
3
1
2
13
13
12
12
676
79
597
1,158
315
843
1,179
436
743
2
1
1
548
268
119
149
139
70
69
141
90
51
180
69
22
47
37
18
19
74
38
36
17
7
7
4
4
6
5
1
4,157
369
3,788
8,085
1,952
6,133
7,991
3,207
4,784
4,204
4,132
26
46
2,564
1,088
629
459
654
467
187
822
673
149
3,235
851
323
102
221
206
88
118
322
177
145
751
209
208
1
174
174
368
368
304
41
263
443
130
313
565
239
326
149
66
21
45
36
15
21
47
34
13
591
287
93
26
67
58
28
30
136
77
59
44
16
16
438
50
388
964
206
758
1,410
460
950
3
1
1
1
3,229
1,552
484
1,068
578
211
367
1,099
676
423
1,639
475
143
60
83
110
57
53
222
128
94
56
21
20
1
14
13
1
21
21
38
TABLE 5. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY REGION OF BIRTH AND TYPE AND CLASS OF ADMISSION
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Type and class of admission
Europe
Oceania
North
America
Total, foreign medical graduates (P.L. 97-116) ,
Foreign medical school grads., adjustments (SJ6)
Accompanying spouses or children of SJ6
Adjustments (SSI)
Total, retired employees of international organizations
and their families
Retired employees of international organizations
New arrivals (SKI)
Adjustments (SK6)
Accompanying spouses of SKI orSK6
New arrivals (SK2)
Adjustments (SK7)
Unmarried children of SKI or SK6
New arrivals (SK3)
Adjustments (SK8)
Surviving spouses of employees of international organizations
Adjustments (SK9)
Total, juvenile court dependents ,
Adjustments (SL6)
Total, aliens serving in U.S. Armed Forces, spouses, & children
Served in U.S. Armed Forces for 12 years (elig. after 10/1/91)
New arrivals (SMI)
Adjustments (SM6)
Spouses of SMI orSM6
New arrivals (SM2)
Adjustments (SM7)
Children of SMI orSM6
New arrivals (SM3)
Adjustments (SM8)
Served in U.S. Armed Forces for 12 years (elig. before 10/1/91) ...
New arrivals (SM4)
Adjustments (SM9)
Spouses or children of SM4 or SM9
New arrivals (SM5)
Adjustments (SMO)
Total, religious workers and their families
Religious workers
New arrivals (SRI)
Adjustments (SR6)
Spouses of SRI or SR6
New arrivals (SR2)
Adjustments (SR7)
Children of SRI orSR6
New arrivals (SR3)
Adjustments (SR8)
Total, employment 5th preference
5th preference, employment creation, not in targeted area
New arrivals, conditional (C51)
Adjustments, conditional (C56)
5th preference, spouses of C51, C56
New arrivals, conditional (C52)
Adjustments, conditional (C57)
5th preference, children of C51, C56
New arrivals, conditional (C53)
Adjustments, conditional (C58)
See footnotes at end of table.
210
43
1
42
11
1
10
155
8
147
1
1
478
478
616
149
51
98
195
46
149
124
58
66
60
12
48
88
22
66
2,506
1,222
211
1,011
539
126
413
745
270
475
540
95
38
57
71
29
42
119
53
66
477
256
35
221
116
24
92
105
46
59
59
17
3
14
13
1
12
12
17
17
615
149
51
98
195
46
149
124
58
66
60
12
48
87
22
65
940
481
51
430
201
30
171
258
57
201
426
68
32
36
52
26
26
86
44
42
205
99
19
80
41
12
29
65
23
42
16
4
1
3
3
2
1
6
6
428
428
19
634
13
266
3
66
10
200
1
128
44
1
84
5
240
1
119
4
121
3
24
2
3
2
2
2
2
13
3
10
39
TABLE 5. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY REGION OF BIRTH AND TYPE AND CLASS OF ADMISSION
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Type and class of admission
Europe
North
America
5th preference, employment creation, targeted area
New arrivals, conditional (T51)
Adjustments, conditional (T56)
5th preference, spouses of T51, T56
New arrivals, conditional (T52)
Adjustments, conditional (T57)
5th preference, children of T51, T56
New arrivals, conditional (T53)
Adjustments, conditional (T58)
Toti.l, diversity
Principals
New arrivals (DV1)
Adjustments (DV6)
Spouses of DV1, DV6
New arrivals (DV2)
Adjustments (DV7)
Children of DV1, DV6
New arrivals (DV3)
Adjustments (DV8)
Total, diversity transition
Natives of certain foreign states
New arrivals (AA1)
Adjustments (AA6)
Spouses of AA1, AA6
New arrivals (AA2)
Adjustments (AA7)
Children of AA1, AA6
New arrivals (AA3)
Adjustments (AA8)
Total, not subject to the Numerical Cap
Total, Amerasians (P.L. 100-202)
Amerasians, bom in Vietnam from 1/1/62- 1/1/76
New arrivals (AMI)
Spouses or children of AMI or AM6
New arrivals (AM2)
Mothers, guardians, or next-of-kin of AMI or AM6
New arrivals (AM3)
Total, displaced Tibetans
Children of DTI, DT6
New arrivals (DT3)
Total, employees of VS. businesses in Hong Kong and their families
Employees of U.S. businesses in Hong Kong
New arrivals (HK1)
Spouses of HK1, HK6
New arrivals (HK2)
Children of HKI, HK6
New arrivals (HK3)
Total, IRCA legalization adjustments
Entered without inspection before 1/1/82 (W16)
Entered as nonimmigrant and overstayed before 1/1/82 (W26)
Blanket EVD group (W36)
Special agricultural workers (SAW), working in 1984-86 (S16) ....
Special agricultural workers (SAW), working in 1986 (S26)
See footnotes at end of table.
79
60
19
57
46
11
119
101
18
40301
22,192
14,981
7,211
8,174
5,719
2,455
9,935
8,018
1,917
6,944
5,096
4,948
148
795
761
34
1,053
1,026
27
5
1
4
3
2
1
9
4
5
17,185
8,950
5,165
3,785
3,872
2,417
1,455
4,363
3,352
1,011
6,556
4,950
4,804
146
688
660
28
918
892
26
70
57
13
49
43
6
101
93
8
6^87
3,318
2,648
670
1,265
1,053
212
1,704
1,522
182
131
58
58
13,700
8,488
6,439
2,049
2,363
1,883
480
2,849
2,476
373
60
32
31
1
13
13
15
15
581
256
181
75
126
95
31
199
159
40
13
3
3
3
3
7
7
1,035
453
254
199
215
131
84
367
262
105
171
47
47
41
39
2
83
82
1
127,227
939
237
237
248
248
454
454
1
1
1
127
45
45
35
35
47
47
4,267
2,517
590
17
51
1,092
49384
46375
939
237
237
248
248
454
454
124
45
45
35
35
44
44
164
16
65
3
80
7,788
22,801
2
2
3,747
2,393
353
44
957
40
TABLE 5. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY REGION OF BIRTH AND TYPE AND CLASS OF ADMISSION
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Type and class of admission
Total, refugee and asylee adjustments
Total, Cuban refugees (P.L. 89-732)
Cuban refugees (CU6)
Non-Cuban spouses or children of Cuban refugees (CU7)
Total, Indochinese refugees (P.L. 95-145)
Indochinese refugees (IC6)
Refugee parolees (P.L. 95-412) (R86)
Total, refugees (P.L. 96-212)
Refugees (RE6)
Spouses of refugees (RE7)
Children of refugees (RE8)
Other persons deriving refugee status (RE9)
Total, asylees (P.L. 96-212)
Asylees (AS6)
Spouses of asylees (AS7)
Children of asylees (AS8)
Total, other adjustments
Cuban/Haitian entrants (P.L. 99-603) (CH6)
Individuals bom under diplomatic status in U.S. (DS1)
Total, former H-l nurses (P.L. 101-238)
Nurses (RN6)
Accompanying spouse or child of RN6 (RN7)
Parolees, Soviet Union or Indochina (LA6)
Section 249, entered before 7/1/24 (Z33)
Section 249, entered 7/1/24-6/28/40 (Z03)
Section 249, entered 6/29/40-1/1/72 (Z66)
Suspension of deportation — other than crewman, Section 244 (Zl 3)
Total, other new arrivals
American Indians bom in Canada (S13)
Total, children born subsequent to issuance of visa
Parent's visa type is family-sponsored preference (XF3)
Parent's visa type is employment-based preference (XE3)
Parent's visa type is immediate relative (XR3)
Parent's visa type is not family-sponsored, employment-based or
immediate relative (XN3)
114,664
9,579
9,131
448
10
10
22
97,216
56,356
15,388
25,425
47
7,837
5,095
941
1,801
6,844
42
10
69
20
49
3,086
2
1
466
3,168
385
217
168
58
7
27
Europe
46,998
57
17
40
1
1
45,233
25,611
9,000
10,590
32
1,699
1,014
289
396
2,256
2,070
1
37
148
43,314
4
2
2
8
8
10
40,543
22,925
5,615
11,993
10
2,749
1,838
340
571
1,658
1
69
20
49
1,011
43
534
7,527
2
6,417
3,981
440
1,995
1
1,108
783
109
216
191
13
173
North
America
16,265
9,290
9,103
187
1
1
4
5,010
3,835
330
841
4
1,960
1,293
154
513
2,522
42
9
1
1
340
2,129
264
217
47
20
2
14
South
America
497
226
12
4
3
5
259
145
38
76
26
175
1 Includes 2 persons with an unknown region of birth.
NOTE: Symbol enclosed in parentheses is the visa or adjustment code.
- Represents zero.
41
TABLE 6. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY CLASS OF ADMISSION AND REGION AND SELECTED
FOREIGN STATE OF CHARGEABDLITY UNDER THE PREFERENCE CATEGORIES
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Region and
foreign state
of chargeability
Family-sponsored preferences
1st
pref.
2nd
pref.
3rd
pref.
4th
pref.
Employment-based preferences
Total
1st
pref.
2nd
pref.
3rd
pref.
4th
pref.
All countries
Europe .................
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia ..
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Lithuania
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Portugal
Macau
Romania
Soviet Union
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Burma
China, People's Rep.
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Kuwait
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Sri Lanka
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
Vietnam
Yemen
Other Asia
323,458
22^57
222
207
293
229
143
670
1.104
335
250
240
615
66
391
5,359
1,632
1,445
187
720
2,623
314
244
245
5,169
1,020
466
118,248
208
2,541
800
20,237
4,428
22,369
331
2,777
856
975
1,675
1,111
8,952
316
1,685
564
4,073
27,012
499
934
6,424
803
614
6,398
644
1,022
238,122
8,940
221
24
35
69
13
152
209
170
51
75
214
20
52
4,203
1,017
857
160
249
224
64
44
39
1,155
553
87
74^92
163
2,160
711
10,370
3,258
15,150
185
1.624
696
264
104
925
4.388
154
1,195
160
3,340
16,803
178
645
3,706
527
236
6,291
625
534
15,182
1,259
110
4
10
19
2
24
54
15
26
54
26
4
10
430
7
6
1
54
54
10
13
13
257
44
19
3,895
27
17
14
232
90
150
10
93
25
46
14
57
158
II
83
4
58
1,680
6
37
175
72
14
467
254
101
144,535
1,815
1
9
4
10
3
38
35
23
5
2
37
1
14
902
222
194
28
62
58
23
11
8
224
103
20
26330
39
1,451
135
3,383
483
5,838
29
592
70
58
52
226
1,243
51
513
65
1,021
9,030
66
210
879
214
112
404
75
91
20,876
3,450
109
6
17
32
6
39
47
21
13
2
17
14
11
2,474
47
29
18
87
98
2
7
8
247
126
20
9388
59
88
99
2,000
299
1,538
20
207
230
59
14
172
413
45
231
13
235
1,733
12
123
346
22
25
1,040
259
106
57,529
2,416
1
5
4
8
2
51
73
111
7
17
134
1
17
397
741
628
113
46
14
29
13
10
427
280
28
34,779
38
604
463
4,755
2,386
7,624
126
732
371
101
24
470
2,574
47
368
78
2,026
4,360
94
275
2,306
219
85
4,380
37
236
85336
13,617
1
183
258
160
130
518
895
165
199
165
401
46
339
1,156
615
588
27
471
2,399
250
200
206
4,014
467
379
43,856
45
381
89
9,867
1,170
7,219
146
1,153
160
711
1,571
186
4,564
162
490
404
733
10,209
321
289
2,718
276
378
107
19
488
17339
5,907
1
106
91
55
49
289
517
32
97
74
182
21
162
165
25
21
4
54
1,124
104
111
106
2,168
176
198
6,037
2
49
4
1,405
302
1,135
28
87
31
135
863
32
496
16
57
49
137
287
50
23
632
14
81
15
2
105
10,475
1,768
13
72
39
12
64
100
44
51
20
39
9
39
132
18
11
7
80
462
39
16
27
352
90
50
6,637
115
17
1,303
125
2,582
29
167
22
99
115
44
200
22
91
66
168
437
65
92
706
21
49
6
5
91
50,245
5,131
57
92
54
52
148
231
71
48
54
164
16
125
699
561
549
12
236
663
95
64
53
1,367
162
119
27,528
39
167
37
7,000
660
3,162
70
887
91
407
465
98
2,904
113
322
273
354
8,213
184
158
1,165
197
244
62
2
254
6,737
752
7
3
12
12
17
37
18
3
17
13
10
160
6
6
101
135
11
9
19
112
39
11
3,233
4
50
29
66
15
336
17
9
16
65
127
12
899
5
18
15
69
1,267
22
14
62
44
4
24
10
34
See footnotes at end of table
42
TABLE 6. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY CLASS OF ADMISSION AND REGION AND SELECTED
FOREIGN STATE OF CHARGEABILITY UNDER THE PREFERENCE CATEGORIES
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Family-sponsored preferences
Employment-based preferences
Region and
foreign state
Total
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
of changeability
Total
pref.
pref.
pref.
pref.
Total
pref.
pref.
pref.
pref.
pref.
7,412
3,631
540
1,283
307
1,501
3,781
703
587
1,895
579
17
Algeria
72
9
1
1
7
63
22
16
18
7
Cape Verde
482
479
37
288
28
126
3
2
1
-
Egypt
1,608
1,080
30
301
114
635
528
111
99
268
50
-
Ethiopia
270
155
45
86
5
19
115
6
21
33
55
Ghana
602
395
133
175
19
68
207
12
36
99
60
Kenya
420
253
8
30
16
199
167
27
32
75
29
4
Liberia
243
138
74
44
17
3
105
10
13
42
39
1
Morroco
188
80
8
42
8
22
108
17
8
69
14
Nigeria
1,043
193
60
110
5
18
850
59
176
461
146
8
Sierra Leone
183
113
54
39
20
70
6
6
52
6
Senegal
31
20
5
10
3
2
11
2
6
3
Somalia
35
29
7
10
12
6
2
2
2
-
South Africa
1,161
151
36
16
42
57
1,010
306
85
538
80
1
Sudan
67
20
2
10
1
7
47
15
19
12
1
-
Tanzania
226
165
2
14
15
134
61
13
8
27
11
2
172
123
8
23
6
86
49
8
12
25
3
1
Other Africa
609
228
30
84
28
86
381
87
54
166
74
1,766
924
57
143
75
649
842
396
67
317
59
3
Australia
597
59
19
8
18
14
538
296
49
169
23
1
Fiji
657
623
15
85
37
486
34
9
1
13
11
New Zealand
274
28
7
3
1
17
246
90
15
128
11
2
Other Oceania
238
214
16
47
19
132
24
1
2
7
14
North America ....
80,962
67,491
7,980
39,015
5,987
14,509
13,471
3,244
1,000
7,556
1,643
28
Canada
7,033
1,133
322
137
385
289
5,900
2,859
801
2,070
143
27
Mexico
24,644
22,909
1,982
13,198
2,033
5,696
1,735
198
64
1,097
375
;
36,859
34,620
4,972
19,062
3,129
7,457
2,239
119
93
1,289
738
Barbados
353
301
82
79
51
89
52
2
2
47
1
Cuba
3,709
3,660
1,167
247
983
1,263
49
7
4
38
-
Dominica
315
291
41
159
7
84
24
2
17
5
Dominican Rep.
16,807
16,527
1,338
11,709
859
2,621
280
40
22
123
95
-
Grenada
263
215
48
86
19
62
48
1
43
4
Haiti
3,313
2,993
412
1,703
97
781
320
3
7
92
218
-
Jamaica
8,741
8,091
1,320
4,254
605
1,912
650
18
19
400
213
-
Trinidad &
Tobago
2,488
1,859
372
593
437
457
629
39
26
450
114
Other Caribbean
870
683
192
232
71
188
187
10
14
113
50
Central America
12,426
8,829
704
6,618
440
1,067
3,597
68
42
3,100
387
-
Belize
287
240
29
129
28
54
47
1
1
41
4
Costa Rica
242
168
30
74
28
36
74
13
3
32
26
El Salvador
6,477
4,302
109
3,864
44
285
2,175
13
9
2,028
125
Guatemala
2,212
1,520
111
1,158
86
165
692
12
3
589
88
Honduras
1,909
1,654
194
1,057
110
293
255
12
6
193
44
-
Nicaragua
802
585
101
251
69
164
217
4
12
168
33
Panama
497
360
130
85
75
70
137
13
8
49
67
South America ....
19,070
13,435
1,451
6,640
1,669
3,675
5,635
1,052
416
3,684
471
12
804
685
1,647
188
282
351
34
37
51
74
120
203
34
18
47
46
107
50
616
403
1,296
173
9
369
83
10
87
328
375
678
27
9
157
5
Brazil
5
Chile
565
288
24
112
50
102
277
58
34
168
17
-
Colombia
3,839
2,939
380
1,590
203
766
900
119
59
662
60
Ecuador
2,603
2,149
202
1.241
162
544
454
23
4
388
39
-
Guyana
4,839
4,609
411
1.962
861
1,375
230
7
9
187
27
-
Peru
2,929
2.141
212
1,164
199
566
788
84
69
559
76
" Venezuela
875
351
73
129
77
72
524
197
50
225
50
2
Other S America
284
137
27
45
18
47
147
13
11
114
9
No country limitation
73,443
69,309
69,309
■
4,134
4,134
Represents zero.
43
TABLE 7. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY TYPE OF ADMISSION AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Region and country
of birth
.Immigrants admitted
Subject to
numerical
cap
Not subject
to numerical
cap
New arrivals
Subject to
numerical
cap
Not subject
to numerical
cap
Adjustments
Subject to
numerical
cap
All countries
Europe
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union, former ...
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Moldova
Russia
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Other republics
Unknown republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Burma
Cambodia
China, People's Republic
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Kuwait
Laos
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Saudi Arabia
Sri Lanka
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
See footnotes at end of table
720,461
128,185
1,420
569
1,797
1,174
2,505
6,237
1,309
900
5,315
2,231
651
767
1,196
13,824
2,615
4,871
54,494
1,992
1,885
3,791
1,856
14,560
17,432
3,645
2,549
6,784
1,321
976
881
12,427
8,307
2,398
267,931
1,424
6,072
1,233
1,492
35.463
7,249
1-4,748
1,020
9,201
5,596
2,523
4,837
3,649
16.047
961
3,936
3,884
1,223
9,774
50.984
788
960
2,362
9,377
5,136
2,947
593,234
78,801
1,105
567
1.685
1,133
2,485
6,158
1,221
868
5,300
2,208
250
608
1,194
13,526
2,604
4,268
12,352
876
217
309
232
6,072
2,192
318
592
1,544
1,283
973
877
12,362
3.497
2,277
221,656
792
6,017
1,096
1,191
34,626
7,060
34,358
951
7.634
1,737
2,480
4,817
3,559
16,010
881
569
3,758
1,179
9,528
50,604
660
923
2,041
9,351
2,179
2,858
127,227
49384
315
2
112
41
20
79
88
32
15
23
401
159
2
298
11
603
42,142
1.116
1,668
3,482
1,624
8,488
15,240
3,327
1,957
5,240
38
3
4
65
4,810
121
46,275
632
55
137
301
837
189
390
69
1,567
3,859
43
20
90
37
80
3,367
126
44
246
380
128
37
321
26
2,957
89
380,291
43,719
1,052
202
1,084
582
949
3,169
615
374
4,800
844
135
375
465
8,999
1,376
2,815
6,613
532
128
135
150
3,215
1,146
179
298
830
509
439
379
4,882
2,012
1,049
150,510
629
5,229
915
969
21,300
5,643
24,280
517
4,866
1,438
843
1,935
2,609
9.397
453
242
2,268
390
7,429
35,291
419
522
1,294
5.171
1,225
1,795
378,839
43,679
1,052
202
1,084
582
949
3,168
615
373
4,791
843
135
374
465
8,991
1,375
2,814
6,612
532
128
135
150
3,214
1,146
179
298
830
509
438
379
4,871
2,011
1,046
149^371
629
5,225
915
967
21,289
5,515
24,272
517
4.866
1.438
843
1,932
2,609
9,392
453
242
2,267
390
7,426
35,262
419
522
1,294
5.169
1,221
1,795
1,452
1
3
1,139
2
11
128
340,170
84,466
368
367
713
592
1,556
3,068
694
526
515
1,387
516
392
731
4,825
1,239
2.056
47,881
1,460
1,757
3,656
1,706
11,345
16,286
3,466
2,251
5,954
812
537
502
7,545
6,295
1,349
117,421
795
843
318
523
14,163
1,606
10,468
503
4,335
4,158
1,680
2,902
1,040
6,650
508
3,694
1,616
833
2,345
15.693
369
438
1.068
4.206
3,911
1,152
214395
35,122
53
365
601
551
1,536
2,990
606
495
509
1,365
115
234
729
4,535
1,229
1.454
5,740
344
89
174
82
2,858
1,046
139
294
714
774
535
498
7,491
1,486
1,231
72,285
163
792
181
224
13,337
1,545
10,086
434
2,768
299
1,637
2,885
950
6,618
428
327
1,491
789
2.102
15.342
241
401
747
4.182
958
1.063
44
TABLE 7. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY TYPE OF ADMISSION AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Immigrants admitted
New arrivals
Adjustments
Region and country
of birth
Subject to
Not subject
Subject to
Not subject
Subject to
Not subject
Total
numerical
to numerical
Total
numerical
to numerical
Total
numerical
to numerical
cap
cap
cap
cap
cap
cap
Vietnam
41.752
11,540
30,212
11,009
10,075
934
30,743
1,465
29,278
Yemen
1.501
1,497
4
1,346
1,346
155
151
4
1.792
1,760
32
1,086
1,081
5
706
679
27
42,456
34,668
7,788
21,433
21,432
1
21,023
13,236
7,787
Algeria
650
645
5
356
356
294
289
5
Cape Verde
968
968
748
748
220
220
Egypt
5,648
5,582
66
4,007
4,007
1,641
1,575
66
Ethiopia
6,952
4,912
2,040
4,015
4,014
1
2,937
898
2,039
Ghana
3,152
3,081
71
1,913
1,913
1,239
1,168
71
Kenya
1,419
1,239
180
714
714
705
525
180
Liberia
1,929
1,045
884
474
474
-
1.455
571
884
Morocco
1,726
1,722
4
937
937
789
785
4
Nigeria
6,818
6,737
81
3,958
3,958
2,860
2,779
81
919
3,487
882
386
37
3,101
514
325
514
325
405
3,162
368
61
37
Somalia
3,101
2,560
1,645
2,527
710
33
935
1,021
457
1,021
457
1,539
1,188
1,506
253
33
Sudan
935
4,583
4,232
351
1,994
1.994
2,589
2,238
351
4,695
4,605
90
2,450
2,448
2
2345
2,157
88
Australia
1,751
1,744
7
650
648
2
1.101
1,096
5
Fiji
1,491
1,425
66
1,210
1,210
281
215
66
727
726
231,526
725
711
208,725
2
15
22,801
233
357
134,881
233
357
134,614
267
494
369
96,645
492
354
74,111
2
15
22,534
Canada
12,932
12,640
292
4,638
4,406
232
8,294
8,234
60
Mexico
89,932
86,079
3,853
46.409
46.389
20
43,523
39,690
3,833
96,788
81309
15,479
65,113
65,105
8
31,675
16304
15,471
585
564
21
164
164
421
400
21
Barbados
734
727
7
394
394
340
333
7
Cuba
17,937
5.478
12,459
4,998
4,998
12,939
480
12,459
Dominican Republic ..
38,512
38,357
155
33,979
33,975
4
4,533
4,382
151
Grenada
583
581
2
356
356
227
225
2
Haiti
14,021
11,328
2,693
8,395
8,395
5,626
2,933
2,693
Jamaica
16,398
16,314
84
12,212
12,211
1
4,186
4,103
83
Trinidad & Tobago ....
5,424
5,403
21
3,095
3,093
2
2,329
2,310
19
Other Caribbean
2.594
2,557
37
1,520
1,519
1
1,074
1,038
36
31,814
28,646
3,168
18,693
18,686
7
13,121
9,960
3,161
Belize
644
616
28
383
382
1
261
234
27
1,062
11.744
6,213
1,042
11,175
5,903
20
569
310
556
7,351
3,862
556
7,348
3,861
3
1
506
4,393
2,351
486
3,827
2,042
20
566
Guatemala
309
Honduras
5,496
5,300
196
3,762
3,762
1,734
1,538
196
Nicaragua
4,408
2,423
1,985
1,204
1,202
2
3,204
1,221
1,983
Panama
2,247
2,187
60
1,575
1,575
672
612
60
Other North America ...
60
51
9
28
28
32
23
9
45,666
1,762
44,779
1,732
887
30
27^98
536
27,295
536
3
18368
1,226
17,484
1,196
884
Argentina
30
1,332
1,305
27
640
640
692
665
27
Brazil
4,558
4,508
50
1,475
1,474
1
3,083
3,034
49
Chile
1,534
1,502
32
682
682
852
820
32
Colombia
10,838
10,623
215
6,516
6,516
4,322
4,107
215
Ecuador
6,397
6,343
54
4,816
4,815
1
1,581
1.528
53
7,362
7,343
19
6,383
6,383
979
960
19
Peru
8,066
7,756
310
4,575
4,574
1
3,491
3.182
309
Venezuela
2.627
2,500
127
958
958
1,669
1,542
127
Other South America ...
1.190
1,167
23
717
717
473
450
23
Unknown or not reported
2
2
2
"
2
- Represents zero.
45
TABLE 8. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Family-
Employ-
Immediate relatives of US citizens
Refugee
Suspen-
sion of
depor-
Total
spon-
sored
prefer-
ment-
based
prefer-
and
asylee
adjust-
Diversity
pro-
grams '
IRCA
legaliza-
tion
Region and
country of birth
Total
Spouses
Children
Parents
Other1
ences
ences
ments
720,461
238,122
85336
220360
123,238
48,740
48382
114,664
47,245
4,267
3,168
7399
128,185
1.420
9,752
13,605
31324
22,448
5,877
2,999
46,998
23,741
90
148
2327
Albania
219
1
288
200
70
18
314
597
1
Belgium
569
28
185
247
217
20
10
101
8
Bulgaria
1,797
38
258
388
186
149
53
105
1,000
1
7
Czechoslovakia ...
1,174
72
168
488
397
51
40
38
405
1
2
France
2,505
153
522
1,361
1,196
112
53
7
422.
8
32
Germany
6,237
249
916
4,136
3,512
477
147
61
821
6
4
44
Greece
1,309
187
170
736
544
66
126
50
124
10
4
28
Hungary
900
58
202
432
307
63
62
28
172
1
7
Ireland
5,315
82
148
412
354
43
15
4,622
6
45
Italy
2,231
247
404
1,210
1,008
76
126
7
327
7
2
27
Latvia
651
5
45
127
48
70
9
387
73
14
Lithuania
767
23
51
236
94
126
16
151
298
8
Netherlands
1,196
54
339
617
553
34
30
179
1
6
Poland
13,824
4,581
1,158
2,811
1,586
534
691
245
4,916
20
23
70
Portugal
2,615
1,065
582
576
419
63
94
3
368
5
2
14
Romania
4,871
281
469
1,525
771
428
326
592
1,992
1
5
6
Soviet U, former .
54,494
286
2,390
5,547
2,529
2,640
378
40,120
4,124
13
2.014
Armenia
1,992
44
192
216
165
32
19
214
423
4
899
Azerbaijan
1,885
2
28
68
51
7
10
1,594
118
75
Belarus
3,791
10
47
130
83
25
22
3,421
122
3
58
Moldova
1,856
12
29
100
30
47
23
1,597
90
28
Russia
14,560
106
1,306
3,313
1,199
2,032
82
8,176
1,346
3
310
Ukraine
17,432
57
378
688
458
133
97
14,937
1,068
2
302
Uzbekistan
3,645
11
57
125
57
62
6
3,258
125
69
Other republics .
2,549
13
110
268
144
103
21
1,863
201
94
Unknown rep. ...
6,784
31
243
639
342
199
98
5,060
631
1
179
Spain
1,321
101
250
777
641
63
73
33
150
1
3
6
Sweden
976
44
195
568
527
34
7
155
2
12
Switzerland
881
42
197
463
395
47
21
1
172
1
5
United Kingdom ..
12,427
1,200
4,015
5,831
5,018
502
311
9
1,199
15
23
135
8,307
634
467
1,335
847
128
360
4,744
1,055
14
51
7
Other Europe
2,398
103
473
1,213
1,099
81
33
103
469
3
5
29
Asia
267,931
84,177
192
48,059
82^81
39,643
15,153
27,485
43314
6,418
164
534
2,984
Afghanistan
1,424
44
471
296
14
161
616
85
16
Bangladesh
6,072
2,869
380
826
417
84
325
36
1,920
9
5
27
Burma
1,233
677
91
223
149
10
64
136
105
1
-
Cambodia
1,492
191
22
952
583
93
276
268
26
5
28
China, People's Rep.
35,463
10,018
13,757
10,813
3,213
2.482
5,118
803
32
4
11
25
7,249
4,389
1.328
1.025
669
145
211
48
282
7
170
34,748
17,641
7,164
9,269
3.893
701
4,675
323
130
33
21
167
1,020
9,201
5,596
2,523
194
1.888
750
267
140
1,167
153
715
481
4,305
803
1,350
348
1,415
339
1,002
61
119
36
134
72
2,771
428
214
62
1,245
3.848
34
116
247
31
123
1
23
3
5
6
110
7
3
20
216
1
26
4,837
164
1,581
2.885
2,571
192
122
2
156
1
10
38
3,649
16,047
1,117
5,315
175
4,555
2,198
6,057
1.334
2,790
229
2,019
635
1,248
64
5
60
16
4
13
16
12
15
74
961
3,936
3,884
1,223
240
95
1,251
181
191
18
491
408
398
455
1,948
538
368
259
1,180
442
23
47
123
22
7
149
645
74
63
3.364
48
44
49
1
51
45
4
17
2
47
3
1
44
7
9,774
4,856
725
2,621
1,619
198
804
197
1,215
31
11
118
50,984
17,676
10.172
22.696
10,744
6,272
5,680
80
10
22
169
159
Saudi Arabia
788
176
150
170
132
33
5
126
139
1
26
960
2,362
211
652
325
288
270
1,059
148
631
26
70
96
358
30
258
115
30
1
1
6
15
2
Syria
59
9,377
5,136
2.947
4.355
603
31.
2,831
281
377
2,109
1,267
1,057
1.172
858
720
280
246
96
657
163
241
2
2,932
58
2
19
1,100
3
4
2
18
7
4
57
23
38
See footnotes at end of table
46
TABLE 8. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Region and
country of birth
Family-
spon-
sored
prefer-
ences
Employ-
ment-
based
prefer-
ences
Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens
Spouses
Refugei
and
asylee
adjust-
ments
Diversity
pro-
grams '
IRCA
legaliza-
tion
Suspen-
sion of
depor-
tation
Vietnam ....
Yemen
Other Asia
Africa
Algeria
Cape Verde ..
Egypt
Ethiopia
Ghana
Kenya
Liberia
Morocco
Nigeria
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
Sudan
Other Africa
Oceania
Australia
Fiji
New Zealand ..
Other Oceania
North America
Canada
Mexico
Caribbean
Bahamas, The ...
Barbados
Cuba
Dominican Rep.
Grenada
Haiti
Jamaica
Trinidad &
Tobago
Other Caribbean
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Other N. America
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Peru
Venezuela
Other S. America
Unknown or not rep.
41,752
1,501
1,792
42,456
650
968
5,648
6,952
3,152
1,419
1,929
1,726
6,818
919
3,487
2,560
1,645
4,583
4,695
1,751
1,491
727
726
231,526
12,932
89,932
96,788
585
734
17,937
38,512
583
14,021
16,398
5,424
2,594
31,814
644
1,062
11,744
6,213
5,496
4,408
2,247
60
45,666
1,762
1,332
4,558
1,534
10,838
6,397
7,362
8,066
2,627
1,190
6,810
617
471
4,538
12
489
1,193
215
606
211
173
130
544
119
35
154
31
626
985
63
645
29
248
121,650
1,229
61,877
44,521
147
336
3,766
20,141
232
7,279
9,290
2,167
1,163
14,009
282
234
6,762
3,145
2,333
804
449
14
17,020
262
400
593
357
3,808
3,124
5,041
2,753
469
213
100
15
415
3,829
62
3
509
120
206
174
101
110
857
71
6
1,026
47
537
822
514
37
246
25
13,354
5,748
1,708
2,272
87
56
50
278
49
317
639
634
162
3,620
45
73
2,187
696
262
219
138
6
5,667
628
397
1,294
276
899
452
236
793
532
160
4,623
853
559
12,478
233
424
1,626
1,489
929
313
610
871
2,923
421
139
667
192
1,641
2,188
1,001
393
397
397
71,720
5,300
22,016
33,766
324
325
1,536
17,814
275
3,547
6,355
2,410
1,180
10,609
278
699
2,207
1,916
2,639
1,289
1,581
29
20369
772
456
2,399
841
5,597
2,504
1.911
3,813
1,335
741
1,632
296
423
8,442
199
161
1,076
855
638
256
226
717
2,113
219
67
464
151
1,300
1,775
920
215
368
272
39,079
4,388
13,824
15,219
228
223
534
7,078
155
1,387
3,495
1,402
717
5,633
132
509
1,101
875
1,401
617
998
15
11,851
541
262
1,766
551
3,257
1,427
867
2,048
838
294
779
536
83
1,884
5
153
115
303
200
36
248
32
383
130
24
56
11
188
177
73
21
21
62
20,918
755
3,844
13,067
73
61
468
8,628
78
883
1,898
718
260
3,250
98
156
518
779
921
365
413
2
4,731
95
88
495
187
1,412
568
334
774
382
396
2,212
21
53
2,152
29
110
435
331
91
21
136
122
427
72
48
147
30
153
236
8
157
8
63
11,723
157
4,348
5,480
23
41
534
2,108
42
1,277
962
290
203
1,726
48
34
588
262
317
307
170
12
3,787
136
106
138
103
928
509
710
991
115
51
28,595
7,527
3
29
2,006
54
165
855
1
26
25
3,095
23
935
310
63
61
16,265
5
37
14,888
1
12,355
22
2,502
4
2
2
1335
2
8
283
158
119
727
38
497
II
9
10
10
102
II
3
241
95
5
4
12
297
13,760
337
51
2,230
3,088
1,338
536
161
611
2,408
269
206
671
439
1,415
594
153
350
52
39
1,206
301
24
556
6
7
126
2
25
157
5
187
41
323
2
23
5
125
54
105
9
2
1,526
60
40
186
23
270
226
152
367
151
51
3,747
19
2,972
375
13
5
5
120
2
129
63
16
22
381
15
9
181
92
46
28
10
186
10
5
20
10
58
25
8
29
13
173
2
24
21
10
11
18
1
29
11
6
9
1
4
1
3
2,129
13
581
117
3
69
1
32
9
3
1,418
4
3
99
57
28
1.221
6
175
6
13
17
6
51
14
7
33
18
10
' Includes diversity transition and permanent diversity programs,
entrant, Soviet and lndochine e parolee, and 1972 Registry provisions.
Includes persons entering under the Amerasian, former HI registered nurse, Cuban/Haiuan
- Represents zero.
47
TABLE 9. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION AND REGION
AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF LAST PERMANENT RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Family-
Employ-
Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens
Refugee
Region and
and
Diversity
pro-
country of last
Total
sored
based
asylee
legaliza-
sion of
Other1
permanent
residence
prefer-
ences
prefer-
ences
Total
Spouses
Children
Parents
adjust-
ments
grams '
tion
tation
720,461
238,122
85^36
220360
123^38
48,740
48382
114,664
47345
4,267
3,168
7,299
132,914
11,099
13,799
32,497
23,188
5,939
3370
48,850
23,604
93
158
2,814
Albania
1,247
193
1
276
190
68
18
184
592
1
Austria
1.340
51
145
343
297
15
31
656
128
2
7
8
Belgium
694
45
207
314
262
25
27
6
114
8
Bulgaria
1,663
32
240
367
179
145
43
101
920
3
Czechoslovakia ...
1,057
64
124
451
370
50
31
24
394
-
Denmark
588
25
134
329
290
17
22
13
80
1
6
France
3,178
285
652
1,694
1,452
130
112
21
482
2
12
30
Germany
7,896
535
1,084
4,912
4,062
520
330
300
1.009
5
8
43
Greece
2,404
222
177
802
598
72
132
1.035
148
9
4
7
Hungary
850
53
178
422
302
67
53
17
172
1
7
Ireland
4,851
77
145
359
301
44
14
4,218
7
-
45
Italy
2,594
252
407
1,289
1,074
89
126
245
363
7
2
29
Lithuania
635
18
46
169
92
71
6
97
299
6
Netherlands
1,284
102
318
654
579
31
44
2
200
1
7
Poland
13,570
4,574
1,084
2,764
1,474
609
681
176
4,858
20
23
71
Portugal
2,611
1,066
571
592
431
67
94
2
358
5
2
15
Romania
4,565
271
414
1.469
698
450
321
510
1,893
6
2
Soviet Union
54,133
239
2.181
5,241
2,390
2,578
273
40,430
3.693
12
2,337
Spain
1,664
145
275
849
693
75
81
210
172
4
3
6
Sweden
1,142
93
229
627
557
38
32
3
176
2
12
Switzerland
1,119
59
269
550
460
55
35
20
216
1
4
United Kingdom ..
14,207
1,957
4,216
6,054
5,060
495
499
29
1,774
17
25
135
Yugoslavia
7.828
633
430
1,234
766
123
345
4,479
983
11
51
7
Other Europe
1,794
108
272
736
611
105
20
290
362
1
25
259,984
592
82,170
16
45,867
15
80,171
116
38381
80
15,063
2
26,727
34
41,473
414
6,929
20
152
510
11
2,712
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
5,977
2,863
346
816
413
86
317
36
1,878
9
2
27
Burma
953
517
67
181
112
10
59
93
94
1
Cambodia
1,138
138
14
845
513
91
241
97
25
3
16
China, People's Rep.
30,384
8,005
12,848
8,737
2,966
2.483
3,288
761
9
3
5
16
Cyprus
520
109
61
309
214
38
57
4
36
-
1
10,699
6,007
1,699
2,196
989
145
1,062
262
336
7
192
India
33,060
16,994
6,710
8,708
3,704
700
4,304
347
85
27
20
169
1,247
5,646
2,213
3,188
5,556
4,007
15,053
820
995
3,295
1,440
143
1,095
613
289
186
1,234
5,224
153
70
1,043
132
126
862
125
906
1,789
214
3,793
191
6
394
378
450
2,833
650
1.511
3,338
2,400
5,919
304
399
1,711
520
336
954
266
1.126
2.898
1,531
2,698
257
222
955
415
63
87
25
146
273
253
2,008
8
47
96
25
51
1,792
359
239
167
616
1,213
39
130
660
80
393
583
792
44
8
64
7
92
516
46
360
107
120
22
398
185
61
13
67
1
27
40
1
19
2
8
1
5
10
4
6
103
8
3
11
18
12
11
2
51
21
31
1
29
38
11
75
2
1
19
10
10,177
49,696
4.841
17,541
665
9,783
2,940
21,667
1,725
9.908
206
6,148
1,009
5,611
367
349
1,199
4
31
22
13
167
121
163
Saudi Arabia
2,830
322
270
454
347
27
80
1,348
414
1
21
537
70
174
240
205
19
16
45
3
5
807
2,135
10,728
10.028
165
587
4,852
609
279
233
2,781
294
236
1,005
2,968
1,279
127
587
1.198
836
23
68
270
248
86
350
1,500
195
29
249
37
7.786
89
33
8
17
1
3
4
6
13
23
4
2
15
56
Thailand
35
Turkey
4.806
697
412
1,832
872
119
841
702
1,141
2
5
15
United Arab
Emirates
982
305
163
217
139
23
55
22
264
11
Vietnam
37.764
6,306
31
4,224
1.298
755
2,171
25,595
1
3
1,604
Yemen
1,504
607
15
851
293
537
21
8
23
1,207
437
223
315
197
34
84
17
209
6
See footnotes at end of table
48
TABLE 9. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION AND REGION
AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF LAST PERMANENT RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Family-
Employ-
Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens
Refugee
Suspen-
Region and
and
Diversity
pro-
IRCA
country of last
Total
sored
based
asylee
legaliza-
sion of
depor-
tation
Other1
permanent
prefer-
prefer-
Total
Spouses
Children
Parents
adjust-
grams '
tion
ences
ences
ments
Africa
39,818
4,232
3,403
11,734
7,762
1,865
2,107
7,481
12,645
66
178
79
Algeria
560
12
56
192
158
4
30
3
293
2
2
Cape Verde
967
487
3
424
163
153
108
52
1
Coted'Ivoire
645
42
14
218
151
49
18
289
80
1
1
Egypt
5,462
1,189
462
1,590
1,066
123
401
65
2,098
4
24
30
Ethiopia
5,896
194
96
1,372
744
304
324
1,081
3,122
9
20
2
Ghana
3,005
597
168
898
589
219
90
84
1,240
7
9
2
Kenya
3,751
138
117
342
248
48
46
2,557
577
3
13
4
Liberia
1,396
137
93
536
220
196
120
462
138
11
19
Morocco
1,550
119
76
761
620
32
109
591
1
1
1
Nigeria
6,615
551
824
2,860
2,042
382
436
25
2,296
19
32
8
Senegal
506
54
8
168
147
13
8
7
267
2
Sierra Leone
961
124
70
409
204
131
74
94
250
1
11
2
Somalia
1,363
8
4
34
25
2
7
1,287
24
2
4
South Africa
2,592
159
1,020
695
460
57
178
24
675
9
10
Sudan
1,499
19
35
146
124
4
18
1,228
70
1
Other Africa
3,050
402
357
1,089
801
148
140
275
872
9
31
15
5,472
1,111
1,016
2,525
2,025
220
280
107
668
9
13
23
Australia
2,399
215
697
1,236
1,098
91
47
8
223
3
17
Fiji
1,425
609
22
376
199
22
155
62
351
1
4
New Zealand
796
57
262
409
378
24
7
-
62
1
3
2
Other Oceania
852
230
35
504
350
83
71
37
32
7
3
4
236,207
122,552
15,010
73,228
40,242
20,960
12,026
16,199
1,880
3,761
2,132
1,445
Canada
18,117
2,447
7,404
6,905
5,625
786
494
17
969
35
21
319
Mexico
90.045
61,874
1,774
22,038
13,841
3,837
4,360
62
19
2,979
582
717
96,021
44,179
2,191
33,564
15,053
13,089
5,422
14,748
573
365
112
289
Bahamas, The ...
632
137
101
352
243
72
37
11
23
3
5
Barbados
765
350
60
331
229
64
38
14
5
5
Cuba
17,661
582
3,666
338
46
22
1,479
209
505
117
460
51
514
41
12,258
1
118
6
2
65
2
29
Dominica
2
Dominican Rep.
38,493
20,172
283
17,754
7,005
8,642
2,107
24
5
120
1
134
539
13,872
16.061
234
7,259
9,102
39
288
592
243
3,502
6,256
138
1,355
3,413
77
884
1,904
28
1,263
939
2,455
8
22
154
6
1
124
57
32
8
58
32
Trinidad &
5,382
2,137
621
2,416
1,399
720
297
1
185
14
8
Other Caribbean
2,034
784
139
1,022
649
215
158
1
52
19
1
16
Central America
32,020
14,052
3,641
10,720
5,722
3,248
1,750
U70
318
382
1,417
120
679
1,178
289
277
54
86
297
746
154
539
99
158
44
49
19
2
23
18
10
3
3
16
Costa Rica
14
El Salvador
11,670
6,727
2,164
2.193
1,089
518
586
284
5
176
101
20
Guatemala
6,240
3,159
708
1,919
877
772
270
157
125
92
56
24
5,505
4,319
2,339
777
266
216
2,638
1,242
1,395
587
922
361
321
294
124
719
50
103
46
29
27
1,218
15
15
Panama
2,429
484
147
1,685
1,081
418
186
67
10
11
9
16
Other N. America
4
1
1
2
1
46,063
16,958
6,241
20,205
11,640
4,693
3,872
553
1,519
184
177
226
Argentina
2,239
307
1,027
797
533
95
169
13
67
9
6
13
Bolivia
1,345
396
409
459
263
89
107
9
43
5
12
12
Brazil
4,695
635
1,392
2,395
1,732
497
166
11
185
20
18
39
Chile
1,454
347
255
794
510
188
96
9
23
9
6
11
Colombia
10,641
3,795
853
5,468
3,147
1.406
915
101
264
55
52
53
Ecuador
6,453
3,133
505
2,495
1.417
570
508
13
228
24
14
41
Guyana
6,939
4,818
195
1,769
784
326
659
1
138
6
7
5
Paraguay
623
56
92
467
90
362
15
6
2
Peru
7.934
2,723
764
3,742
1.986
772
984
246
359
30
33
37
Venezuela
3,124
584
647
1,539
988
351
200
141
163
18
19
13
Other S. America
616
164
102
280
190
37
53
9
43
6
10
2
Unknown or not rep.
3
1
2
1 Includes diversity transition and permanent diversity programs
entrant, Soviet and Indochinese parolee, and 1972 Registry provisions.
Includes persons entering under the Amerasian. former HI registered nurse, Cuban/Haitian
- Represents zero.
49
TABLE 10. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED WHO WERE ADJUSTED TO PERMANENT RESIDENT STATUS
BY SELECTED STATUS AT ENTRY AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Visitors
Visitors
Tempo-
Ex-
Intracom-
Refugees
Entered
Other
Region and country
of birth
Total
for busi-
ness
for plea-
sure
Stu-
dents '
rary
workers '
change
visitors '
Fiances-
tees) 2
Dany trans-
ferees '
and
parolees
without
inspection
and
unknown
340,170
84,466
3,879
692
83,526
15,569
18,002
2368
27,081
4,959
3,852
1,468
6^71
1,496
7386
2,463
112,401
47,744
47379
1,159
30,093
6348
Albania
368
27
5
1
4
4
303
8
16
Belgium
367
4
74
43
73
31
9
60
3
9
61
Bulgaria
713
10
271
81
132
49
8
9
107
25
21
Czechoslovakia
592
2
315
43
76
28
27
19
43
5
34
France
1,556
18
413
201
207
71
61
186
25
16
358
Germany
3,068
47
943
239
333
127
151
221
134
27
846
Greece
694
8
273
144
82
12
25
6
73
34
37
Hungary
526
2
252
39
112
33
15
14
31
1
27
Ireland
515
13
216
20
78
29
24
56
3
11
65
Italy
1,387
34
585
77
133
21
33
60
31
14
399
Latvia
516
6
67
8
19
11
2
376
1
26
Lithuania
392
7
165
19
16
10
10
5
152
8
Netherlands
731
11
156
62
177
38
38
89
6
6
148
Poland
4,825
34
3,282
138
462
83
106
22
263
235
200
Portugal
1,239
4
657
38
21
1
27
26
25
336
104
Romania
2,056
18
1,010
67
174
17
63
7
528
31
141
Soviet Union, former
47,881
302
2,995
304
877
545
463
180
40,898
49
1,268
1,460
1,757
16
6
273
65
5
4
34
4
11
4
2
4
2
5
1,108
1,615
6
2
3
48
3,656
1,706
11,345
16,286
5
7
159
46
131
60
1,136
666
5
4
197
54
25
11
527
126
6
1
364
60
15
2
280
75
1
98
37
3.388
1,584
8,194
14,843
1
21
7
79
37
369
Ukraine
372
Uzbekistan
3,466
3
98
1
18
7
10
7
3,162
3
157
Other republics
2,251
21
152
16
50
31
25
9
1,885
2
60
Unknown republic
5.954
39
414
18
82
61
50
21
5,119
7
143
812
537
502
7,545
10
11
6
104
303
135
161
2.149
93
103
59
304
86
60
71
1,357
32
21
34
159
25
19
16
318
39
63
46
1,206
11
12
6
105
16
3
2
58
197
110
101
United Kingdom
1.785
6,295
1,349
16
25
752
368
131
150
223
189
71
41
16
36
30
119
4,482
127
264
8
310
286
117,421
1,587
24,453
10,691
17,286
1,786
3319
1,928
46367
2,930
7,174
795
5
96
6
1
1
22
1
573
45
45
843
9
183
127
138
34
1
3
44
239
65
318
523
14,163
7
5
294
84
105
2,661
33
2
3,438
24
1
1,848
7
986
10
36
337
4
437
123
341
2,341
3
12
461
23
21
China, People's Rep.
1,360
1,606
42
571
322
308
14
16
136
63
51
83
India
10,468
138
2,481
911
4,880
291
190
232
245
585
515
Indonesia
503
6
196
86
64
3
33
12
63
1
39
Iran
4,335
38
1,780
542
225
9
121
39
1,293
84
204
Iraq
4,158
5
145
50
38
8
37
11
3,782
9
73
Israel
1,680
34
950
167
215
49
19
49
43
33
121
Japan
2,902
15
377
646
352
45
193
205
33
20
1,016
Jordan
1,040
18
508
281
66
15
24
9
53
15
51
6,650
508
3,694
1.616
209
2
3
35
3,121
140
264
774
1,174
159
8
227
471
81
2
162
33
2
56
170
20
34
77
164
16
19
38
52
3,344
91
405
11
1
65
865
25
38
Lebanon
110
Malaysia
833
8
318
197
166
4
24
26
49
3
38
Pakistan
2.345
40
773
283
321
31
33
37
192
390
245
Philippines
15.693
403
5,131
233
6,500
73
1,322
165
536
310
1.020
369
438
1,068
4,206
4
13
17
134
71
118
497
1,668
51
82
142
929
93
101
74
815
2
17
23
33
6
5
43
22
4
12
8
234
120
20
194
21
8
16
26
41
10
54
44
Taiwan
309
3,911
39
472
159
50
3
133
9
2,953
5
88
See footnotes at end of table.
50
TABLE 10. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED WHO WERE ADJUSTED TO PERMANENT RESIDENT STATUS
BY SELECTED STATUS AT ENTRY AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Visitors
Visitors
Tempo-
Ex-
Intracom-
Refugees
Entered
Other
Region and country
of birth
Total
for busi-
ness
for plea-
sure
Stu-
dents '
rary
workers '
change
visitors '
Fiances -
(ees) 2
pany trans-
ferees '
and
parolees
without
inspection
and
unknown
Turkey
1,152
41
422
216
121
32
24
30
88
62
116
Vietnam
30,743
7
239
19
16
2
248
8
29,649
18
537
Yemen
155
3
99
15
4
1
5
1
5
7
15
706
21,023
13
443
209
6,057
186
2,250
149
1382
12
320
14
324
57
358
18
7333
4
958
44
1398
Algeria
294
5
159
37
25
26
6
3
3
5
25
Cape Verde
220
191
5
2
14
2
6
Egypt
1,641
42
936
128
229
30
17
40
35
66
118
Ethiopia
2,937
22
549
261
29
22
21
2
1,888
20
123
Ghana
1,239
35
371
122
73
27
33
1
81
384
112
Kenya
705
9
126
223
78
12
10
15
164
8
60
Liberia
1,455
17
422
69
14
6
2
3
794
27
101
Morocco
789
17
430
137
20
38
19
17
16
19
76
Nigeria
2,860
130
1,143
466
343
50
110
10
59
308
241
405
3,162
15
253
34
45
21
10
1
10
1
8
6
1
23
3,038
8
7
33
Somalia
53
1,539
1,188
31
11
449
115
109
84
496
23
48
5
24
2
212
1
35
896
10
4
125
47
2,589
2,245
109
58
879
948
543
159
241
409
43
33
52
114
53
231
301
53
90
36
278
204
Australia
1,101
31
388
72
241
22
78
171
15
5
78
Fiji
281
2
178
16
6
1
7
7
24
23
17
494
369
11
14
156
226
21
50
156
6
10
21
8
53
4
10
8
62
Other Oceania
47
96,645
679
26,546
1,471
1,648
136
1,090
1,863
10,665
39309
13338
Canada
8,294
60
2,197
460
788
56
416
1,611
225
80
2,401
Mexico
43,523
148
7,754
222
171
28
293
152
343
29,909
4,503
31,675
358
13,029
609
580
33
227
67
9351
2,785
4,636
Bahamas, The
421
6
256
40
35
1
2
5
8
19
49
Barbados
340
9
273
11
20
-
1
1
4
21
Cuba
12,939
27
2,960
7
7
1
20
1
6,964
217
2,735
Dominican Rep. ..
4,533
137
2,382
63
92
16
80
20
28
1,450
265
Grenada
227
9
169
3
4
1
4
5
17
15
Haiti
5,626
27
1,641
56
13
3
11
3
2,298
673
901
Jamaica
4,186
91
2,740
193
277
7
72
6
33
315
452
Trinidad &
Tobago
2,329
37
1,824
162
94
2
28
28
6
42
106
Other Caribbean ..
1,074
15
784
74
38
2
9
4
8
48
92
Central America ..
13,121
113
3,556
178
108
19
154
31
744
6,434
1,784
Belize
261
4
161
11
2
1
4
63
15
506
4,393
2,351
16
5
30
324
381
649
15
17
17
11
16
13
4
5
2
24
18
17
10
5
5
6
210
109
63
3,172
i,297
33
564
Guatemala
212
Honduras
1,734
28
645
38
21
-
38
5
47
702
210
Nicaragua
3,204
18
977
25
4
7
18
2
336
1,112
705
Panama
672
12
419
55
41
1
38
4
32
25
45
Other N. America ..
32
-
10
2
1
2
2
1
14
18368
420
9,953
1,063
1,197
109
328
543
239
3,086
1,430
Argentina
1,226
32
622
77
189
29
11
72
4
86
104
Bolivia
692
24
292
45
21
3
7
9
8
214
69
Brazil
3,083
83
1,679
218
298
22
95
255
26
220
187
Chile
852
23
536
45
96
10
11
21
6
39
65
Colombia
4,322
78
2,372
223
184
11
96
47
46
890
375
Ecuador
1,581
33
811
51
23
1
19
13
18
514
98
Guyana
979
28
550
34
38
2
23
6
9
202
87
Peru
3,491
65
1,811
143
156
14
36
39
101
815
311
Venezuela
1,669
37
1,027
196
159
14
17
77
16
27
99
Other S. America ...
473
17
253
31
33
3
13
4
5
79
35
Unknown or not rep ..
2
1
1
Includes spouses and children. ' Includes children. - Represents zero.
51
TABLE 11. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED IN FISCAL YEAR 1995, BY CALENDAR YEAR AT ENTRY,
TYPE OF ADMISSION, AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BERTH
Total
New
arrivals
1993-94
Adjustments
Region and country
of birth
1993-94
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
Before
1984
Un-
known
720,461
380,291
88,265
92,707
37,262
23,957
20,009
15,621
12,600
7,079
7340
6,489
14,185
14,656
128,185
43,719
25,548
32,280
13,003
4,440
2,769
1,510
952
638
586
398
736
1,606
Albania
1,420
1,052
70
163
71
49
3
1
2
-
3
6
Belgium
569
202
217
52
35
12
11
5
3
6
6
7
13
Bulgaria
1,797
1,084
170
147
106
123
119
21
3
3
1
3
17
Czechoslovakia
1,174
582
260
121
69
54
40
13
3
2
2
2
10
16
France
2,505
949
895
287
94
56
39
25
9
17
13
17
22
82
Germany
6,237
3,169
1,831
522
193
129
60
35
18
28
17
19
58
158
Greece
1,309
615
261
140
64
44
24
26
25
14
16
11
47
22
Hungary
900
374
201
75
56
44
31
43
24
13
7
1
14
17
Ireland
5,315
4,800
291
87
20
12
26
13
8
8
8
2
12
28
Italy
2,231
844
789
197
80
40
33
27
22
32
20
9
37
101
Latvia
651
135
104
253
107
28
14
4
2
1
3
Lithuania
767
375
105
128
69
53
23
2
3
1
3
5
Netherlands
1,196
465
474
104
47
23
19
9
11
2
3
2
5
32
Poland
13,824
8,999
831
492
510
552
704
568
348
236
195
114
147
128
Portugal
2,615
1,376
204
75
69
67
168
162
141
87
122
66
26
52
Romania
4,871
2,815
473
343
324
377
335
58
17
10
4
5
17
93
Soviet Union, former .
54,494
6,613
9,817
24,661
10,026
2,045
749
208
61
29
25
29
69
162
Armenia
1,992
532
91
542
425
251
86
39
14
1
3
3
4
1
Azerbaijan
1,885
128
291
1,048
353
38
15
1
1
4
4
1
1
Belarus
3,791
135
713
1,914
851
108
38
13
2
5
2
5
5
Moldova
1,856
150
241
999
364
60
21
4
1
7
2
3
2
2
Russia
14,560
3,215
2,964
5,229
1,986
715
276
40
17
3
1
3
16
95
Ukraine
17,432
1,146
3,607
8,378
3,405
537
200
71
12
7
6
6
25
32
Uzbekistan
3,645
179
297
2,148
907
66
12
13
2
2
5
9
5
Other republics
2,549
298
354
1,300
483
71
24
4
1
3
1
1
4
5
Unknown republic ...
6,784
830
1,259
3,103
1,252
199
77
23
13
2
1
5
4
16
Spain
1,321
509
475
117
41
29
28
17
16
4
15
10
17
43
Sweden
976
439
312
92
39
17
11
11
1
3
9
1
8
33
Switzerland
881
379
318
84
32
14
11
9
5
2
2
1
5
19
United Kingdom
12,427
4,882
4,246
1,385
529
288
173
120
92
65
67
43
133
404
Yugoslavia
8,307
2,012
2,472
2,477
305
337
101
115
126
63
52
64
72
111
2.398
1,049
732
278
117
47
47
18
12
12
2
2
21
61
267,931
1,424
150,510
32,298
36,564
13,096
9,079
7,035
4,101
3,000
1,983
1,840
1,720
3^18
3,187
Afghanistan
629
73
221
164
99
112
27
9
20
3
9
16
42
Bangladesh
6,072
5,229
193
131
108
90
55
48
56
16
28
37
30
51
Burma
1,233
915
71
76
26
30
38
44
4
3
10
4
6
6
Cambodia
1,492
969
121
82
71
17
37
37
29
15
19
34
56
5
China, People's Rep. .
35,463
21,300
2,136
2,801
1,871
2,410
2,063
631
354
182
152
129
232
1,202
7,249
5,643
471
267
150
135
140
99
60
45
52
44
108
35
India
34,748
24,280
3,930
2,160
1,372
870
568
363
302
202
132
126
166
277
Indonesia
1,020
517
162
107
52
33
28
24
17
19
8
8
30
15
Iran
9,201
4,866
1,108
764
385
250
230
184
215
165
222
247
441
124
Iraq
5,596
1,438
1,435
2,278
217
30
65
11
6
9
13
6
67
21
Israel
2,523
843
570
285
153
127
144
105
63
53
46
29
58
47
Japan
4,837
1,935
1,567
558
264
126
69
53
44
31
18
11
39
122
Jordan
3,649
2,609
230
129
100
121
157
106
60
38
23
14
25
37
Korea
16,047
9,397
1,611
1,112
812
770
579
381
280
163
207
177
332
226
Kuwait
961
453
88
67
58
52
91
32
27
30
24
8
12
19
Laos
3,936
242
371
1,424
842
284
272
224
101
66
31
13
52
14
Lebanon
3,884
2,268
451
170
153
115
84
118
142
91
54
50
101
87
Malaysia
1,223
390
222
141
75
73
60
79
53
34
21
19
37
19
Pakistan
9,774
7,429
569
306
263
262
214
146
110
76
54
119
85
141
Philippines
50,984
35,291
4,130
3,001
2,632
1,416
851
624
611
442
460
357
798
371
788
960
2,362
419
522
1,294
149
92
191
92
49
129
32
34
301
17
57
77
23
45
84
20
47
46
8
24
86
8
26
23
3
15
26
4
20
28
7
22
50
6
7
Syria
27
Taiwan
9,377
5,171
1,109
651
409
446
374
244
115
92
108
133
456
69
Thailand
5,136
1,225
682
1,450
764
312
198
150
130
55
38
27
78
27
Turkey
2,947
1,795
378
220
101
HI
70
89
29
31
16
16
35
56
Vietnam
41,752
11,009
9,914
17,737
1,555
658
333
122
45
31
41
38
159
110
Yemen
1,501
1,346
39
18
33
20
9
12
4
5
2
2
2
9
1,792
1,086
235
138
99
71
42
35
16
12
14
11
18
15
See footnotes at end of table
52
TABLE 11. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED IN FISCAL YEAR 1995, BY CALENDAR YEAR AT ENTRY,
TYPE OF ADMISSION, AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH— Continued
Region and country
of birth
New
arrivals
1993-94
Adjustments
1986
Before
1984
Africa
Algeria
Cape Verde
Egypt
Ethiopia
Ghana
Kenya
Liberia
Morocco
Nigeria
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
Sudan
Other Africa
Oceania
Australia
Fiji
New Zealand
Other Oceania
North America
Canada
Mexico
Caribbean
Bahamas, The
Barbados
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Haiti
Jamaica
Trinidad & Tobago ,.
Other Caribbean
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Other North America ..
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Peru
Venezuela
Other South America ..
Unknown or not reported
42,456
650
968
5,648
6,952
3,152
1,419
1,929
1,726
6,818
919
3,487
2,560
1,645
4,583
4,695
1,751
1,491
727
726
231,526
12,932
89,932
96,788
585
734
17,937
38,512
583
14,021
16,398
5,424
2,594
31,814
644
1,062
11,744
6.213
5,496
4,408
2,247
60
45,666
1,762
1,332
4,558
1,534
10,838
6,397
7,362
8,066
2,627
1,190
21,433
356
748
4,007
4,015
1,913
714
474
937
3,958
514
325
1,021
457
1,994
2,450
650
1,210
233
357
134,881
4,638
46,409
65,113
164
394
4,998
33,979
356
8,395
12,212
3,095
1,520
18,693
383
556
7,351
3,862
3,762
1,204
1,575
28
27,298
536
640
1,475
682
6,516
4,816
6,383
4,575
958
717
4,722
83
33
404
387
252
213
153
210
544
35
727
655
432
594
1,061
678
36
259
20,058
5,224
6,858
6388
150
60
2,030
977
36
1,681
824
372
258
1,576
35
158
343
295
245
313
187
12
4,578
422
101
1,013
219
942
280
162
624
712
103
6,657
46
11
244
1,413
172
167
592
97
359
34
2,240
406
431
445
411
223
21
120
47
14,487
1,399
2,871
9,340
49
52
6,542
796
21
1,076
456
217
131
870
26
67
206
138
157
183
93
7
2^08
170
48
414
133
483
181
96
448
287
48
1,963
50
7
212
320
180
87
98
68
280
43
93
166
81
278
180
71
45
34
30
7,413
553
2,343
3,880
27
38
2,253
675
11
283
385
124
84
637
10
42
178
150
121
83
53
1,607
90
47
303
87
405
125
72
305
147
26
1,734
36
7
210
178
180
57
125
90
299
99
12
99
59
283
142
41
43
25
33
7,029
240
3,690
2,413
17
29
881
573
13
207
452
162
79
685
13
47
195
142
162
80
46
1
1^33
89
55
296
68
357
141
86
308
90
43
1331
34
9
156
184
90
34
104
77
248
48
16
44
54
233
96
26
32
16
22
7,154
111
4,214
1,914
22
28
214
476
31
206
514
314
109
915
22
55
342
184
190
73
49
1,624
90
70
250
82
414
145
87
342
98
46
1,089
14
77
92
135
61
23
50
80
227
28
21
37
55
189
57
8
31
3
15
7345
64
4,536
1384
26
34
104
335
31
261
357
362
74
1,060
17
34
370
241
185
146
67
1
1,619
88
85
239
70
352
145
104
412
79
45
744
4
43
65
69
64
36
41
79
142
20
9
6
20
146
53
12
17
3
21
6,740
32
4,417
1,186
9
21
101
191
31
180
241
324
88
1,105
16
24
397
194
123
296
55
1,111
58
63
174
45
232
145
50
251
52
41
19
41
66
47
14
50
31
123
23
6
10
14
83
37
6
20
2
9
3,157
24
1,782
766
16
22
47
66
16
143
194
195
67
585
12
4
167
117
41
223
21
737
34
33
116
17
188
49
92
153
27
28
419
3
6
54
33
19
21
45
16
112
14
5
23
2
66
5
2
14
3,642
35
2,124
519
15
11
32
44
7
179
143
64
24
964
29
12
356
191
87
272
17
832
34
75
76
32
280
86
60
138
30
21
284
4
4
43
23
15
8
29
6
69
18
3
19
3
40
16
5
4
3
4
3,482
17
1,925
530
6
12
51
70
6
212
109
41
23
1,010
14
14
396
194
69
313
10
589
39
24
59
25
171
101
32
97
24
17
797
11
1
59
59
74
28
94
9
287
22
9
19
11
114
77
3
7
10
57
8,066
122
4,505
1,410
44
16
274
168
14
507
216
78
93
2,026
58
29
897
308
164
518
52
3
989
68
44
61
45
244
109
95
228
58
37
NOTE: The year of entry for new arrivals is the year entering as an immigrant. The year of entry for adjustments is the latest year of entry as a nonimmigrant or the
latest year of entry in another temporary status.
- Represents zero.
53
TABLE 12. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY AGE AND SEX
FISCAL YEARS 1985-95
Age and sex
198?
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
Total
570,009
601,708
601,516
643,025
1,090,924
1,536,483
1,827,167
973,977
904,292
804,416
720,461
Under 5 years
32,867
33,767
32,733
31,063
31,577
33,520
36,669
37,487
39,111
36,085
37,323
5-9 years
37,717
39,720
37,501
38,186
46,775
51,922
49,609
58,445
62,949
57,194
52,326
10-14 years
44,890
47,152
43,939
44,531
85,332
95,453
66,237
73,619
78,157
71,716
67,676
15-19 years
53,769
56,283
57,439
57,859
98,911
125,516
109,261
94,374
95,514
82,796
72,919
20-24 years
80,677
79,640
77,620
77,938
112,002
181,258
354,747
116,280
96,237
85,538
71,596
25-29 years
94,284
95,318
94,481
96,188
167,117
274,035
380,682
150,783
122,787
103,588
92,870
30-34 years
67,177
72,449
72,734
79,439
169,195
251,589
276,464
124,603
108,815
92,563
80,995
35-39 years
43,339
47,574
49,541
58,525
122,958
173,723
182,200
88.564
78,887
67,830
59,398
40-44 years
27,397
30,039
33,175
41,720
79,955
112,988
120,980
61,663
56,100
50,030
45,445
45-49 years
20,647
22,469
24,383
29,708
51.918
71,425
78,393
43,275
41,378
38,756
36,065
50-54 years
17.116
19,161
20,195
23,888
38,937
51,949
57,023
34,230
31.484
29,041
26,141
55-59 years
15,826
18,028
18,515
20,887
30,042
39,776
41,330
28,368
28,246
26,402
23,888
60-64 years
13,801
15,905
15,931
17,549
22,700
30,329
30,856
24,537
24,758
23,103
19,769
65-69 years
9,503
11,226
11,348
12,359
16,786
21,338
21,616
18,604
19,400
18,832
15,850
70-74 years
6,069
7,012
6,542
6,827
8,824
11,021
11,109
10,202
11,131
11,232
9,639
75-79 years
3,083
3,689
3,363
3,836
4,904
6,369
5,938
5,222
5,347
5,438
4,637
80 years and over .
1,847
2,276
2,006
2,497
2,841
4,082
3,680
3,586
3,888
4,201
3,867
Unknown age
70
25
150
190
373
135
103
71
57
286,141
300,777
300,238
324,521
550,176
818,443
1,213,767
496,724
424,475
372,691
333,859
Under 5 years
16,005
16,629
16,058
15,334
16,027
17,082
18,580
19,020
19,550
17,939
17,891
5-9 years
19,387
20.460
19,184
19,553
23,968
26,651
25,228
29,817
32,092
29,136
26,779
10-14 years
23,445
24,248
22,727
22,993
43,667
48,697
34,112
38,195
40,286
36,762
34,824
15-19 years
27,286
28,782
29,219
29,760
50,379
63,426
64,888
48,493
48,672
41,942
36,888
20-24 years
39,843
38,563
36,963
37,514
53,691
95,684
263,149
60,715
41,829
37,702
31,631
25-29 years
49,941
49,998
49,125
49,749
86,229
155,719
268,701
79,622
54.859
45,425
40,751
30-34 years
35,779
38,411
38,344
42,000
87,875
139,578
188,466
65,641
51,845
42,793
37,756
35-39 years
22,320
24,810
25,699
31,070
63,936
95,153
122,263
46,142
37,413
30,898
26,757
40-44 years
13,973
15,369
16,969
22,049
41,265
61,368
80,507
31,392
25,560
22,339
20,01 1
45-49 years
9,957
10,851
12,045
15,194
26,432
38,598
52,509
21,845
19,388
17,695
16,053
50-54 years
7,323
8,399
9,091
11,310
18,746
26,394
35,955
16,121
13,889
12,751
11,445
55-59 years
6,442
7,329
7,738
9,245
13,583
18,904
23,893
12,496
11,916
10,999
10,044
60-64 years
5,696
6,627
6,691
7,482
9,917
13,275
15,741
10,767
10,318
9,668
8,486
65-69 years
4,159
4,800
5,148
5,665
7,445
9,180
10,331
8,150
8,110
7,983
7,046
2,607
3,003
2,888
2,956
3,826
4,639
5,047
4,559
4,841
4,753
4,110
75-79 years
1,290
1,549
1,434
1,608
2,019
2,518
2,611
2,206
2,284
2,202
1,912
80 years and over .
688
949
873
1,027
1,095
1,467
1,507
1,451
1,565
1,659
1,445
Unknown age
42
12
76
110
279
92
58
45
30
283,868
300,931
301,278
318,504
540,661
717,764
613,166
477,062
479,771
431,684
386,582
Under 5 years
16,862
17,138
16,675
15,729
15,542
16,423
18,086
18,460
19,561
18,142
19,428
5-9 years
18,330
19,260
18,317
18,633
22,803
25,260
24.370
28,614
30,855
28,054
25,546
10-14 years
21,445
22,904
21,212
21,538
41,657
46,736
32,112
35,416
37,866
34,951
32,850
15-19 years
26,483
27,501
28,220
28,099
48,523
62,077
44,357
45,868
46,838
40,852
36,028
20-24 years
40,834
41,077
40,657
40,424
58,307
85,552
91,576
55,548
54,403
47,835
39,964
25-29 years
44,343
45,320
45,356
46,439
80,880
118,271
111,944
71,129
67,922
58,158
52.118
30-34 years
31.398
34,038
34,390
37.439
81,305
111,959
87,968
58,925
56,962
49,760
43,238
35-39 years
21,019
22,764
23,842
27,455
59,012
78,546
59,910
42,406
41,472
36,927
32,639
40-44 years
13,424
14,670
16,206
19,671
38,684
51,606
40,452
30,258
30,534
27,689
25,433
45-49 years
10,690
11,618
12,338
14,514
25,481
32,816
25,870
21,423
21,986
21,061
20,012
50-54 years
9,793
10,762
11,104
12,578
20,189
25,545
21,058
18,105
17,594
16,289
14,695
55-59 years
9,384
10,699
10,777
11,642
16,455
20,867
17,432
15,867
16,330
15,400
13,843
60-64 years
8,105
9,278
9,240
10,067
12,783
17,042
15,109
13,764
14,438
13,434
11,282
65-69 years
5,344
6,426
6,200
6,694
9,340
12,149
11,278
10,449
11,290
10,849
8,804
70-74 years
3,462
4,009
3,654
3,871
4,997
6,375
6,053
5,639
6.289
6,479
5,529
75-79 years
1,793
2,140
1,929
2,228
2,883
3,846
3,325
3,016
3,063
3,236
2,724
80 years and over .
1,159
1,327
1,133
1,470
1,746
2,614
2,172
2,132
2,323
2,542
2,422
Unknown age
28
13
74
80
94
43
45
26
27
Unknown sex
87
276
234
191
46
41
20
Percent distribution
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Male
50.2
50.0
49.9
50.5
50.4
53.3
66.4
51.0
46.9
46.3
46.3
Female
49.8
50.0
50.1
49.5
49.6
46.7
33.6
49.0
53.1
53.7
53.7
26.8
27J
27.7
28.7
30.1
30.1
28.8
28.5
28.3
28.3
28.2
Male
26.7
27.2
27.6
28.7
30.1
30.1
28.6
28.3
27.8
27.6
27.4
Female
26.9
27.4
27.7
28.7
30.2
30.2
29.3
28.8
28.7
28.9
28.8
• Represents zero.
54
TABLE 13. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH, AGE, AND SEX
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Age and sex
All
countries
China,
Mainland
Republic
El
Salvador
Germany
Total
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over .
Unknown age
Male
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over .
Unknown age
Female
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over .
Unknown age
Unknown sex
Percent distribution ,
Male
Female
Median age
Male
Female
See footnotes at end of table.
720,461
37,323
52,326
67,676
72,919
71,596
92,870
80,995
59,398
45,445
36,065
26,141
23,888
19,769
15,850
9,639
4,637
3,867
57
333,859
17,891
26,779
34,824
36,888
31,631
40,751
37,756
26,757
20,011
16,053
11,445
10,044
8,486
7,046
4,110
1,912
1,445
30
386,582
19,428
25,546
32,850
36,028
39,964
52,118
43,238
32,639
25,433
20,012
14,695
13,843
11,282
8,804
5,529
2,724
2,422
27
20
100.0
46.3
53.7
28.2
27.4
28.8
12,932
844
1,125
1,027
927
1,202
1,954
1,772
1,385
1.089
747
406
205
97
73
41
17
21
6,207
426
578
520
483
464
864
855
665
511
386
221
111
47
41
18
10
7
6,725
418
547
507
444
738
1,090
917
720
578
361
185
94
50
32
23
7
14
100.0
48.0
52.0
28.4
28.7
28.1
35,463
2,500
1,817
2,021
2,072
1,923
3,768
4,439
3,543
2,965
2,524
1,688
1,651
1,701
1,395
835
394
215
12
15,980
276
920
1,077
1,087
663
1,458
2,094
1,779
1,483
1,273
778
727
853
726
453
219
105
9
19,479
2,224
896
944
985
1,260
2,310
2,344
1,763
1,481
1,251
910
924
848
669
382
175
110
3
100.0
45.1
54.9
34.1
36.2
32.2
10,838
626
596
991
1,098
807
1,411
1,576
1,165
718
482
365
319
274
203
106
66
35
4,389
311
300
548
553
311
535
599
384
225
162
122
99
94
72
40
19
15
6,449
315
296
443
545
496
876
977
781
493
320
243
220
180
131
66
47
20
100.0
40.5
59.5
29.7
26.9
31.3
17,937
347
799
730
1,083
1,450
1,628
1,925
1,328
1,349
1,449
1,377
1,185
973
868
595
441
408
2
9,295
186
376
365
521
825
999
1,162
759
770
772
690
540
428
387
234
145
136
8,641
161
423
365
562
625
629
763
568
579
677
687
645
545
481
361
296
272
2
1
100.0
51.8
48.2
38.7
36.2
42.0
38,512
2,873
5,627
6,641
5,433
2,721
3,684
3,254
2,327
1,637
1,181
726
746
667
472
278
142
103
18,297
1,453
2,781
3,323
2,549
1,216
1,761
1,567
1,071
740
521
294
273
272
231
130
62
53
20,214
1,420
2,846
3,318
2,883
1,505
1,923
1,687
1,256
897
660
432
473
395
241
148
80
50
100.0
47.5
52.5
18.6
17.8
19.3
6,397
383
443
681
826
642
858
759
485
344
252
209
141
138
115
65
32
24
2,916
205
226
350
420
292
402
346
191
139
82
76
45
46
46
24
16
10
3,481
178
217
331
406
350
456
413
294
205
170
133
96
92
69
41
16
14
100.0
45.6
54.4
26.3
24.6
27.8
11,744
273
634
1,802
2,530
1,235
1,641
1,188
774
474
310
222
208
166
134
89
33
31
5,468
127
352
922
1,321
628
793
462
281
173
120
67
72
51
46
30
11
12
6,276
146
282
880
1,209
607
848
726
493
301
190
155
136
115
88
59
22
19
100.0
46.6
53.4
22.2
20.1
25.1
6,237
269
286
269
275
866
1,393
1,117
624
328
282
214
126
52
48
30
14
42
2
2,181
138
141
133
95
121
380
411
255
151
118
101
62
35
20
11
2
6
1
4,056
131
145
136
180
745
1,013
706
369
177
164
113
64
17
28
19
12
36
1
100.0
35.0
65.0
29.2
30.9
28.4
55
TABLE 13. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH, AGE, AND SEX
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Age and sex
Guyana
Haiti
Hong
Kong
India
Iran
Jamaica
Korea
Mexico
Nigeria
Pakistan
Total
7362
14,021
7349
34,748
9301
16398
16,047
89,932
6,818
9,774
Under 5 years
318
822
419
1,924
153
705
1,933
3,814
327
961
5-9 years
606
1,023
521
1,647
238
1,393
516
9,763
389
716
10-14 years
775
1,570
922
2,448
543
2,026
1,422
13,528
436
870
15-19 years
922
2,510
992
2,813
398
2,269
1,676
14,264
443
919
20-24 years
489
1,577
423
3,232
541
1,303
1,003
10,760
585
1,041
25-29 years
736
1,380
607
5,665
1,007
1,799
1,661
10,364
1,206
1,388
30-34 years
736
1,366
867
4,015
922
1,943
1,519
7,454
1,360
1,063
35-39 years
664
964
843
2,567
750
1,472
1,601
5,162
948
765
40-44 years
613
680
724
2,220
597
1,017
1,365
4,028
420
536
45-49 years
426
406
466
1,941
567
798
1,193
3,233
209
359
50-54 years
338
322
135
1,661
516
536
676
2,470
134
280
55-59 years
256
305
136
1,584
636
397
470
1,899
145
295
60-64 years
208
331
80
1,268
777
295
371
1,347
99
257
65-69 years
140
340
47
917
731
208
293
873
75
164
70-74 years
75
248
37
500
497
104
193
513
32
89
75-79 years
39
110
19
224
214
66
86
234
9
49
80 years and over
21
67
4
121
113
67
68
218
1
22
7
I
1
1
8
3^08
6,561
3,478
16326
4,077
7,667
7,011
38,748
3365
4,832
Under 5 years
157
399
216
979
83
352
1,017
1,956
154
479
5-9 years
319
527
267
860
127
685
271
4,996
208
365
10-14 years
410
784
462
1,280
294
974
731
6,971
229
489
15-19 years
461
1,283
515
1,453
170
1,116
888
7,484
223
439
20-24 years
199
767
198
900
203
579
330
5,515
241
425
25-29 years
327
636
273
2,523
370
908
477
3,873
484
661
30-34 years
354
679
385
2,234
381
974
607
2,312
664
597
35-39 years
303
439
363
1,218
329
703
632
1,427
588
384
40-44 years
295
310
336
966
285
454
580
1,013
278
253
45-49 years
189
164
231
902
260
339
555
790
124
180
50-54 years
168
132
72
748
196
200
341
671
63
116
55-59 years
118
86
71
731
215
158
201
531
47
132
60-64 years
97
94
39
629
328
90
148
447
26
125
65-69 years
60
110
20
459
349
65
104
356
19
98
70-74 years
28
84
17
255
307
31
75
211
13
45
75-79 years
16
41
7
120
129
20
31
109
3
34
80 years and over
7
26
2
68
50
19
22
83
1
10
4
1
1
1
3
3,854
7,460
3,771
18,418
5,124
8,731
9,036
51,184
3,452
4,942
Under 5 years
161
423
203
942
70
353
916
1,858
172
482
5-9 years
287
496
254
787
111
708
245
4,767
181
351
10-14 years
365
786
460
1,168
249
1,052
691
6,557
207
381
15-19 years
461
1,227
477
1,360
228
1,153
788
6,780
220
480
20-24 years
290
810
225
2,332
338
724
673
5,245
344
616
25-29 years
409
744
334
3,141
637
891
1,184
6.491
722
727
30-34 years
382
687
482
1,781
541
969
912
5,142
696
466
35-39 years
361
525
480
1,349
421
769
969
3,735
360
381
40-44 years
318
370
388
1,254
312
563
785
3,015
142
283
45-49 years
237
242
235
1,039
307
459
638
2,443
85
179
50-54 years
170
190
63
913
320
336
335
1,799
71
164
55-59 years
138
219
65
853
421
239
269
1,368
98
163
60-64 years
111
237
41
639
449
205
223
900
73
132
65-69 years
80
230
27
458
382
143
189
517
56
66
70-74 years
47
164
20
245
190
73
118
302
19
44
75-79 years
23
69
12
104
85
46
55
125
6
15
80 years and over
14
41
2
53
63
48
46
135
12
Unknown age
3
5
Unknown sex
4
1
Percent distribution ....
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Male
47.7
46.8
48.0
47.0
44.3
46.8
43.7
43.1
49.4
49.4
Female
52.3
53.2
52.0
53.0
55.7
53.2
56.3
56.9
50.6
50.6
29.0
28.5
23.0
21.3
28.3
26.8
29.7
30.3
40.4
41.4
26.6
25.8
29.4
27.9
21.3
18.7
30.1
31.0
26.4
Male
26.8
Female
29.5
24.9
29.2
29.1
39.6
27.3
30.1
25.3
29.3
26.0
See footnotes at end of table.
56
TABLE 13. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH, AGE, AND SEX
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Age and sex
Philippines
Soviet
Union
United
Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Total
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over ...
Unknown age
Male
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over ...
Unknown age
Female
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over ...
Unknown age
Unknown sex
Percent distribution
Male
Female
Median age
Male
Female
- Represents zero.
8,066
208
471
717
942
661
984
999
788
547
382
326
241
276
233
162
75
54
3,495
105
243
352
465
270
433
414
317
217
147
113
85
97
95
71
37
34
4,570
103
228
364
477
391
551
585
471
330
235
213
156
179
138
91
38
20
1O0.0
43.3
56.7
30.3
28.7
31.5
50,984
2,073
3,158
4,126
4,766
3,197
7,068
6,713
4,792
3,200
2,408
2,081
2,273
2,030
1,646
890
357
205
1
21,238
1,069
1,598
2,155
2,356
1,085
2,375
2,941
1,982
1,300
971
767
903
737
543
271
95
90
29,744
1,004
1,560
1,970
2,410
2,112
4,693
3,772
2,810
1,900
1,437
1,313
1,370
1,293
1,103
619
262
115
1
100.0
41.7
58.3
30.7
30.0
31.3
13,824
694
849
1,113
1,353
1,222
1,708
1,552
1,437
1,201
900
566
480
358
200
117
36
34
4
6,258
346
442
559
683
508
758
728
647
544
356
224
196
132
72
42
12
6
3
7,566
348
407
554
670
714
950
824
790
657
544
342
284
226
128
75
24
28
1
100.0
45.3
54.7
29.9
29.0
30.8
54,494
3,341
4,295
3,887
3,496
3,841
4,148
4,447
4,369
3,701
3,571
1,887
3,390
2,633
2,925
2,191
1,057
1,310
5
25,226
1,677
2.209
2,009
1,779
1,667
1,889
2,072
2,023
1,727
1,621
804
1,441
1,199
1,385
865
403
454
2
29,266
1,664
2,086
1,878
1,717
2,174
2,259
2,375
2,346
1,974
1,950
1,083
1,949
1,433
1,540
1,326
653
856
3
100.0
46.3
53.7
34.8
33.4
36.0
9377
246
407
956
1,070
495
968
1.339
1,078
1,173
550
272
241
273
168
82
29
30
4,134
128
223
518
530
274
307
528
450
470
270
115
93
84
80
39
13
12
5,242
118
184
438
539
221
661
811
628
703
280
157
148
189
88
43
16
18
100.0
44.1
55.9
32.0
31.0
32.7
12,427
592
719
722
676
1,223
2,341
2,181
1,258
885
688
491
274
125
87
66
45
53
1
6,405
286
366
356
348
519
1,121
1,184
705
503
399
281
169
63
45
29
16
15
6,022
306
353
366
328
704
1,220
997
553
382
289
210
105
62
42
37
29
38
100.0
51.5
48.5
29.9
30.8
28.9
41,752
1,085
2,562
3,577
3,117
7,145
4,782
2,608
2,377
2,958
3,363
2,971
2,082
1,534
930
395
175
20401
556
1,378
1,895
1,602
3,670
2,299
1,098
818
1,021
1,636
1,735
1,141
829
518
203
75
26
1
21,251
529
1,184
1,682
1,515
3,475
2,483
1,510
1,559
1,937
1,727
1,236
941
705
412
192
100
62
2
100.0
49.1
50.9
28.2
27.1
29.4
8307
399
638
735
710
778
953
1,032
899
717
378
278
274
220
153
72
40
30
1
4,176
189
317
376
331
389
497
554
451
386
182
149
126
103
65
29
14
18
4,131
210
321
359
379
389
456
478
448
331
196
129
148
117
88
43
26
12
1
100.0
50.3
49.7
29.7
29.9
29.5
163,407
8,590
10,724
12,334
14,334
20,616
26,870
22,213
14,606
9,667
6,814
4,885
3,844
3,150
2,365
1,305
617
466
7
79^45
4.321
5,507
6,357
7,201
9,071
12,901
11.289
7,446
4,784
3,226
2,169
1,639
1,371
1,017
543
248
152
3
84,159
4,269
5,217
5,977
7,132
11,544
13,969
10,924
7,160
4,883
3,588
2,716
2,204
1,779
1,348
762
369
314
4
100.0
48.5
51.5
27.8
27.8
27.8
57
TABLE 14. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY MARITAL STATUS, AGE, AND SEX
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Age and sex
Total
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over
Unknown age
Male ........
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over
Unknown age
Female
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over
Unknown age
Unknown sex
Percent distribution
Male
Female
Unknown
Median age
Male
Female
- Represents zero. Z Rounds to
58
Total
Single
Divorced
Separated
720,461
37,323
52,326
67,676
72,919
71,596
92,870
80,995
59,398
45,445
36,065
26,141
23,888
19,769
15,850
9,639
4,637
3,867
57
333,859
17,891
26,779
34,824
36,888
31,631
40,751
37,756
26,757
20,011
16,053
11,445
10,044
8,486
7,046
4,110
1,912
1,445
30
386,582
19,428
25,546
32,850
36,028
39,964
52,118
43,238
32,639
25,433
20,012
14,695
13,843
11,282
8,804
5,529
2,724
2,422
27
20
100.0
46.3
53.7
Z
28.2
27.4
28.8
330375
37,323
52,326
67,605
69,238
37,171
27,423
17,542
8,410
4,213
2,574
1,626
1,391
1,151
1,015
648
354
340
25
173,506
17,891
26,779
34,786
36,147
21,270
16,395
10,730
4,671
2,077
1,020
521
390
284
244
132
81
74
14
156,859
19,428
25,546
32,817
33,088
15,901
11,028
6,812
3,739
2,136
1,554
1,105
1,001
867
771
516
273
266
11
10
100.0
52.5
47.5
Z
15.6
16.0
15.1
358,615
26
3,249
33,610
63,981
61,525
48.735
38,884
30,955
22,061
19,424
15,194
11,183
6,012
2,352
1,395
29
152,080
16
512
10,021
23,707
26,162
21,175
17,095
14.283
10,324
9,066
7,622
6,151
3,493
1,488
950
15
206,526
10
2,737
23,588
40,273
35,362
27,559
21.788
16,672
11,736
10,357
7,571
5.032
2,519
863
445
14
9
100.0
42.4
57.6
Z
36.7
38.7
35.3
15,728
27
97
164
225
337
582
946
1.702
2,472
2,920
2,564
1,737
1,955
2,128
10
24
45
41
40
62
95
157
258
406
355
275
360
13,600
17
73
119
184
297
520
851
1,545
2,214
2,514
2,209
1,462
1,595
100.0
13.5
86.5
67J
69.1
67.0
10,460
4
27
208
662
1,191
1,478
1,528
1,495
1,178
1,050
673
489
268
113
93
3
3,659
2
14
55
274
513
609
571
484
364
295
215
128
76
32
26
1
6,801
2
13
153
388
678
869
957
1.011
814
755
458
361
192
81
67
2
100.0
35.0
65.0
45.4
43.2
46.6
1,404
1
6
85
164
163
202
189
170
120
114
91
65
22
7
5
1
5
68
95
88
108
115
105
80
70
59
27
15
2
100.0
40.2
59.8
42.2
41.7
42.6
less than 0.05 percent.
TABLE 15. IMMIGRANT-ORPHANS ADOPTED BY U.S. CITIZENS BY SEX,
AGE, AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Region and country
of birth
Sex
Age
Under 1
year
1 -4 years
5-9 years
All countries — ................
Europe
Bulgaria
Estonia
Greece
Hungary
Latvia
Lithuania
Poland
Romania
Soviet Union, former
Russia
Ukraine
Other republics
Unknown republic
Other Europe
Asia
Bangladesh
Cambodia
China, People's Republic
Hong Kong
India
Japan
Korea
Lebanon
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
Vietnam
Other Asia
Africa
Ethiopia
Other Africa
Oceania
North America
Mexico
Caribbean
Dominican Republic ....
Haiti
Jamaica
Trinidad
Other Caribbean
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Other North America
South America
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Peru
Venezuela
Other South America
- Represents zero.
9384
2,660
108
6
8
27
59
102
32
260
2,049
1,684
5
183
177
9
4,843
6
10
2,049
26
368
61
1,570
20
10
8
293
23
50
9
316
24
104
69
35
764
91
115
13
50
36
10
6
555
6
19
30
436
27
10
27
3
1,004
21
134
86
338
70
332
15
6
2
3^69
1,277
47
3
6
9
31
51
14
118
994
825
2
84
83
4
1392
2
5
41
13
109
36
831
6
4
3
156
12
24
6
134
10
43
30
13
351
43
50
6
25
13
4
2
258
2
7
11
211
12
3
12
502
10
84
46
164
33
155
7
3
5,814
1383
61
3
2
18
28
51
18
142
1,055
859
3
99
94
5
3,450
4
5
2,008
13
258
25
739
14
6
5
137
11
26
3
182
14
61
39
22
413
48
65
7
25
23
6
4
297
4
12
19
225
15
7
15
3
502
11
50
40
174
37
177
8
3
2
5330
619
1
3
2
13
33
4
31
530
430
1
72
27
2
3,645
1
1
1,679
15
157
34
1,449
17
2
5
77
14
1
4
180
9
15
12
3
400
40
28
4
17
5
2
331
1
2
10
311
3
2
2
646
10
48
26
239
32
285
3
3
2,856
1,441
65
2
4
15
30
52
21
183
1,066
898
2
82
84
3
918
2
3
347
6
149
21
114
2
6
2
123
6
39
4
85
9
38
21
17
222
28
37
5
16
12
2
2
155
1
4
18
90
18
6
18
2
234
7
30
58
53
26
45
11
3
1
518
32
2
1
9
13
17
5
33
403
316
1
25
61
3
59
TABLE 16. IMMIGRANT NEW ARRIVALS ADMITTED BY SELECTED PORT OF ENTRY
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Region and country
of birth
All
ports
Chicago
Detroit
El Paso
Los
Angeles
Miami
Newark
New
York
San
Francisco
Other
380,291
. 17,954
8,688
42,907
50367
35,090
7,946
120,972
30349
66,018
43,719
7,679
964
20
2,787
962
2,759
17373
1,532
9,643
Albania
1,052
154
5
6
22
40
624
201
Austria
221
13
13
26
19
11
74
10
55
Belgium
202
33
3
12
3
7
58
10
76
Bulgaria
1,084
268
15
1
44
12
11
589
21
123
Czechoslovakia
582
65
16
48
6
8
301
18
120
Denmark
266
28
3
37
7
31
69
16
75
Finland
187
19
2
10
24
8
75
9
40
France
949
76
50
1
120
33
88
222
71
288
Germany
3.169
276
261
2
175
100
175
447
143
1.590
Greece
615
33
12
35
11
9
344
9
162
Hungary
374
16
12
57
15
4
163
14
93
Ireland
4,800
128
11
147
94
73
3,042
327
978
Italy
844
51
28
2
66
44
57
382
17
197
Latvia
135
13
2
4
3
6
61
1
45
Lithuania
375
111
3
17
6
21
135
6
76
Netherlands
465
27
29
1
29
23
21
96
22
217
Norway
196
25
4
17
8
42
16
13
71
Poland
8,999
4,046
91
82
45
1,074
3.236
32
393
Portugal
1,376
2
1
15
24
423
426
13
472
Romania
2,815
723
88
281
40
15
1,256
84
328
Soviet Union, former ...
6,613
664
61
4
882
51
140
3,208
273
1.330
Armenia
532
10
9
435
34
8
36
Azerbaijan
128
3
1
31
2
1
57
3
30
Belarus
135
14
1
9
2
89
2
18
Moldova
150
19
3
14
4
75
8
27
Russia
3,215
271
25
3
176
26
44
1,655
158
857
Ukraine
1,146
194
7
1
75
13
61
633
42
120
Uzbekistan
179
9
22
1
4
104
5
34
Other republics
298
17
4
31
5
157
15
69
Unknown republic
830
127
11
89
7
21
404
32
139
Spain
509
14
5
2
23
72
72
163
13
145
Sweden
439
84
6
35
34
77
61
33
109
Switzerland
379
41
6
46
20
4
91
27
144
United Kingdom
4,882
310
107
1
447
211
297
1,209
283
2.017
Yugoslavia
2,012
455
125
5
114
34
41
953
61
224
Other Europe
179
6
4
12
1
4
72
6
74
Asia
150,510
8,727
6,461
36
37,194
872
1,632
42,927
27397
25,264
Afghanistan
629
12
1
108
1
1
371
62
73
Bangladesh
5,229
108
28
342
132
34
4.055
33
497
Burma
915
19
5
291
1
31
181
337
50
Cambodia
969
10
2
689
1
125
93
49
China, People's Rep. ...
21,300
816
264
17
4,899
64
164
6,033
6.254
2,789
5,643
133
95
1,377
16
35
992
2.251
744
India
24,280
2,796
367
2
3,085
175
353
11,171
1.874
4,457
Indonesia
517
5
14
245
4
13
53
109
74
Iran
4,866
277
112
9
1,619
97
150
924
452
1,226
Iraq
1,438
320
536
172
15
10
241
43
101
Israel
843
64
12
2
120
30
34
436
37
108
1,935
91
112
672
6
22
162
264
606
Jordan
2.609
642
127
261
83
44
1,037
99
316
Korea
9.397
538
1.505
2,495
28
12
2,019
1,079
1,721
Kuwait
453
76
38
71
7
14
172
10
65
Laos
242
3
2
141
4
16
38
38
Lebanon
2,268
254
249
6
330
56
65
814
63
431
Malaysia
390
11
7
152
1
2
91
73
53
Pakistan
7,429
488
75
452
70
86
5,204
283
771
Philippines
35.291
1,401
2,312
12,486
19
85
2,042
8,773
8,173
419
137
52
5
14
5
28
43
4
1
7
2
231
17
17
34
66
Singapore
30
522
1,294
12
178
14
95
177
240
3
14
36
39
121
472
40
42
119
Syria
214
Taiwan
5,171
110
159
2,447
15
251
557
1,122
510
Thailand
1,225
53
65
507
2
4
89
216
289
Turkey
1.795
56
20
144
22
63
1,100
53
337
See footnotes a( end of table.
60
TABLE 16. IMMIGRANT NEW ARRIVALS ADMITTED BY SELECTED PORT OF ENTRY
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Region and country
of birth
All
ports
Chicago
Detroit
El Paso
Los
Angeles
Miami
Newark
New
York
San
Francisco
Other
Vietnam
11,009
52
46
3,372
1
27
2,898
3,416
1,197
Yemen
1,346
88
141
-
36
20
992
46
23
949
21,433
57
1,230
39
778
193
1,636
4
435
24
558
311
10,521
184
540
137
5,735
Algeria
356
26
3
13
19
14
218
8
55
Camaroon
234
25
2
11
3
4
86
1
102
748
2
8
578
.
160
Egypt
4,007
147
28
415
24
30
3,026
29
308
Ethiopia
4,015
423
60
516
42
207
581
264
1,922
Ghana
1,913
65
132
44
12
39
1.261
13
347
Kenya
714
55
14
58
20
41
212
24
290
Liberia
474
16
3
3
3
46
345
1
57
Morocco
937
8
8
14
9
5
834
5
54
Nigeria
3,958
289
419
183
42
62
1,539
88
1,336
Senegal
243
3
3
4
2
226
1
4
514
325
16
9
32
4
14
6
1
3
2
263
234
17
4
168
Somalia
66
1,021
457
42
8
15
28
170
29
204
5
17
10
277
270
31
9
265
Sudan
98
Tanzania
344
28
7
47
6
21
108
5
122
1,173
2,450
70
14
18
4
109
1,921
45
4
47
2
463
49
40
77
381
379
Australia
650
12
3
412
3
2
40
63
115
Fiji
1,210
1,144
1
9
56
233
262
2
.
172
169
1
6
2
50
Tonga
93
95
134,881
277
1
461
42,831
24
5,514
22,090
2,608
2
36,712
3
686
65
23,702
Canada
4,638
117
421
4
94
50
25
386
47
3,494
Mexico
46,409
67
7
42,788
48
26
10
40
29
3,394
65,113
22
29
23
37
17398
2,563
34303
9
10,829
164
2
139
6
17
Barbados
394
65
1
245
-
83
Cuba
4,998
4
3
7
15
4,868
28
23
-
50
Dominica
429
26
12
40
351
Dominican Republic .
33,979
2
1
3
2,810
2,286
21,383
4
7,490
Grenada
356
1
40
90
225
Haiti
8,395
2
16
4.294
3
3,875
205
Jamaica
12,212
13
20
14
3,927
228
6,505
3
1,502
241
3,095
1
2
3
21
1,139
1
56
1,756
1
164
Trinidad & Tobago ...
192
Other Caribbean
850
2
69
4
224
1
550
18,693
70
4
14
5333
4,612
9
2,079
601
5,971
Belize
383
65
143
9
2
164
556
7,351
3,862
1
1
43
1
1
6
7
96
3,017
1,557
247
612
721
3
1
1
63
779
329
5
345
120
139
2,590
Guatemala
1,084
Honduras
3,762
6
1
393
1,307
2
849
36
1.168
Nicaragua
1,204
2
196
660
2
18
92
234
Panama
1,575
17
2
9
922
32
1
592
Other North America
28
1
2
2
4
1
4
14
27,298
536
27
3
20
1
20
1315
102
10,727
244
387
1
13390
158
117
2
1,295
Argentina
24
Bolivia
640
14
596
7
1
20
Brazil
1,475
10
2
184
502
2
560
2
212
Chile
682
1
64
437
2
136
3
39
Colombia
6,516
4
2
250
2.898
315
2,722
5
313
Ecuador
4,816
1
197
1,242
10
3,120
7
239
Guyana
6.383
13
8
427
5
5,704
2
224
Paraguay
448
14
221
2
141
69
Peru
4,575
6
1
473
3,438
30
476
89
57
Uruguay
154
7
77
60
8
Venezuela
958
2
1
2
602
18
242
6
84
Other South America ..
115
43
2
64
6
Represents zero.
61
TABLE 17. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH AND
STATE OF INTENDED RESDDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995
State of intended
residence
All
countries
Canada
China,
People's
Republic
Colombia
Cuba
Dominican
Republic
Ecuador
El
Salvador
Germany
Guatemala
Total
720,461
12,932
35,463
10,838
17,937
38,512
6397
11,744
6,237
6,213
Alabama
1,900
69
107
27
4
5
10
7
78
12
Alaska
1,049
66
42
15
2
37
1
1
34
6
Arizona
7,700
283
270
33
13
15
12
47
111
62
934
34
35
6
5
2
20
44
7
California
166,482
1,377
10,256
661
428
71
385
4,914
1,035
2,502
Colorado
7,713
254
276
31
1
6
12
44
125
40
Connecticut
9,240
232
304
372
29
249
158
42
85
87
1,051
23
48
8
3
13
7
9
13
9
District of Columbia
3,047
13
117
16
16
98
6
435
29
52
Florida
62,023
1,620
639
2,819
15,112
2,090
495
357
654
372
Georgia
12,381
359
362
164
61
39
18
103
208
44
Hawaii
7,537
167
480
7
1
1
6
57
2
Idaho
1,612
64
46
8
3
2
2
3
28
2
Illinois
33,898
287
986
172
96
102
285
125
158
404
Indiana
3,590
172
221
17
3
12
11
15
74
35
2,260
67
52
8
1
4
16
46
22
Kansas
2,434
70
98
12
7
3
2
29
55
22
Kentucky
1,857
114
84
14
1
4
3
5
71
10
Louisiana
3,000
134
171
37
70
32
27
27
64
54
814
142
48
3
1
6
2
3
20
6
Maryland
15,055
151
633
156
34
179
72
686
126
166
Massachusetts
20,523
395
1,287
273
54
1,970
57
179
161
169
Michigan
14,135
784
447
34
24
44
17
7
208
59
Minnesota
8,111
245
212
75
13
11
18
24
63
28
Mississippi
757
29
75
8
3
8
5
2
32
2
Missouri
3,990
107
266
31
23
5
17
9
67
25
Montana
409
104
20
3
1
14
-
Nebraska
1,831
54
52
7
3
2
3
7
30
15
Nevada
4,306
147
148
38
220
11
11
143
48
60
New Hampshire
1,186
114
58
21
1
23
13
11
27
4
39,729
259
1,134
1,881
805
4,136
1,221
436
171
339
2,758
128,406
36
912
55
11,254
6
2,590
92
331
10
21,471
6
3,158
5
1,001
30
501
26
New York
543
5,617
483
8,585
286
115
386
235
10
525
46
54
19
8
27
44
40
7
40
11
143
8
161
33
Ohio
36
Oklahoma
2,792
90
104
18
2
2
4
10
51
13
Oregon
4,923
143
371
14
1
2
7
20
72
32
Pennsylvania
15,065
349
871
225
37
304
53
30
203
41
2,609
2,165
14
147
93
108
171
34
3
2
553
6
22
8
18
7
11
88
150
16
South Dakota
495
20
12
1
5
Tennessee
3,392
123
135
14
3
9
5
11
59
12
Texas
49,963
987
1,002
373
131
101
106
1,656
438
352
Utah
2,831
197
105
37
1
15
11
32
30
37
535
16,319
92
224
30
455
1
142
36
69
2
72
1,120
19
181
4
Virginia
187
15,862
706
776
34
17
15
7
40
185
63
West Virginia
540
19
29
1
21
2
4,919
252
113
14
176
14
16
4
9
5
1
12
65
7
31
Wyoming
1
U.S. territories and
possessions
2.419
171
3
66
6
1
.
Northern Mariana Is
-
7,160
1,511
5
11
55
1
98
1
209
6.247
453
11
1
17
1
20
3
16
Virgin Islands
1
Armed Services Posts ...
122
2
1
1
1
Other or unknown
13
2
See footnotes at end of table
62
TABLE 17. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH AND
STATE OF INTENDED RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
State of intended
residence
Guyana
Hong
Kong
Nigeria
Total
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts ...
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina ..
North Dakota ....
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina ..
South Dakota ....
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia ....
Wisconsin
Wyoming
U.S. territories and
possessions
Guam
Northern Mariana Is. .
Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands
Armed Services Posts
Other or unknown
7362
6
2
1
116
9
108
4
34
456
67
4
16
5
2
3
8
15
1
190
77
13
96
3
3
2
696
5,132
17
1
28
1
66
4
14,021
5
1
7
1
72
28
401
69
22
58
2
11
98
12
1
1
33
2
173
1,287
164
29
19
119
1
14
7
1,306
3
3,508
13
12
7
15
268
40
101
82
3
1
84
39
1
7,249
21
5
53
1
3,339
35
45
II
6
191
80
184
9
170
21
17
9
14
17
6
102
261
54
40
3
32
1
2
22
10
200
5
1,240
30
67
7
44
91
14
28
1
26
277
11
6
97
264
9
33
1
34,748
237
9
218
41
6,646
177
488
84
38
1,141
887
36
29
3,051
292
140
148
155
197
27
1,029
873
1,247
266
85
248
16
47
115
61
3,958
85
4,859
423
28
806
268
188
1,350
22
194
13
310
2,400
74
19
931
437
83
242
5
9,201
49
2
19
4,547
101
74
9
32
300
218
8
7
162
57
21
57
46
44
14
372
155
101
80
10
51
1
6
39
12
180
22
437
69
1
99
72
93
117
II
16
2
58
609
46
5
447
161
21
51
1
16398
14
5
9
5
209
17
930
51
97
4,261
213
4
1
256
21
2
4
10
13
11
487
437
113
27
7
25
1
12
9
1,294
4
6,884
51
6
8
437
8
18
2
13
146
3
2
115
10
II
28
16,047
101
95
127
14
4,789
203
111
116
5
311
423
408
11
618
116
109
43
55
53
5
788
221
266
175
II
75
32
57
75
56
1,043
33
1,757
250
6
181
57
166
546
18
49
23
72
602
64
11
806
633
24
78
5
147
I
I
89,932
134
56
3,640
167
34,416
2,677
97
91
24
1,922
1,621
45
841
6,500
471
337
547
80
91
20
133
89
507
348
26
270
11
495
1,127
27
375
1,655
848
407
12
212
660
1,166
735
24
122
12
88
22,792
565
6
318
2,489
7
503
85
6,818
64
8
23
15
639
41
55
21
168
158
360
1
2
344
40
15
27
21
57
2
688
195
172
137
28
53
I
6
19
8
535
6
1,230
131
9
95
30
16
152
58
16
42
906
10
125
40
12
30
2
See footnotes at end of table
63
TABLE 17. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH AND
STATE OF INTENDED RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Slate of intended
residence
Philippines
Soviet
Union
United
Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Total
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia .
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
U.S. territories and
possessions
Guam
Northern Mariana Is.
Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands
Armed Services Posts
Other or unknown
- Represents zero.
8,066
26
16
37
4
1,238
76
310
7
49
1,607
91
10
11
152
18
6
6
12
16
230
113
13
39
11
18
3
11
36
7
1,534
8
1,275
37
1
35
34
29
77
11
9
2
12
206
59
443
53
7
15
1
50,984
85
268
294
83
22,584
151
208
48
83
1,806
342
4.308
53
2,690
206
65
98
90
134
31
823
229
499
169
49
167
40
49
687
44
2,626
62
3,216
262
15
300
105
224
362
50
169
13
119
1,997
59
14
1,219
1,381
50
144
12
1.985
141
5
3
13,824
13
18
59
4
425
86
792
14
13
373
81
6
1
4,982
67
21
4
2
12
18
76
400
432
27
4
31
6
13
18
13
1,651
11
3,065
35
8
147
6
16
352
50
26
3
25
184
13
6
40
81
8
83
1
54,494
66
77
215
17
10,045
782
675
42
99
1,021
678
16
69
3.384
203
94
165
197
43
62
1,576
2,253
881
800
15
406
18
119
83
66
1,631
68
19,227
241
28
1,481
42
313
2,585
158
64
73
147
824
174
35
575
2,186
17
437
13
9,377
36
5
79
13
4,650
65
65
10
9
211
177
87
6
213
44
33
41
11
43
4
209
163
120
56
7
32
1
12
39
22
463
32
703
91
1
142
14
48
143
10
49
592
46
4
189
243
16
51
1
12,427
69
28
149
52
2.278
238
273
41
66
1,514
392
66
31
339
121
42
59
90
72
40
245
529
371
166
36
78
24
28
85
67
514
57
1,164
223
20
265
59
136
424
43
147
7
107
717
87
32
401
254
20
118
9
41,752
80
28
396
123
16,755
600
242
11
217
1,194
1,658
332
90
583
198
430
420
185
386
60
722
1,247
541
853
32
449
2
454
98
129
435
92
963
623
15
350
514
695
1,028
30
162
9
354
4,251
255
17
1,236
2,101
5
81
1
8307
6
22
134
12
770
84
188
1
8
324
212
12
28
1,157
124
187
8
50
31
16
215
528
107
10
368
7
43
21
445
7
1,553
88
57
197
15
53
194
4
12
22
113
309
67
84
78
125
9
113
1
64
TABLE 18. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY STATE OF INTENDED RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEARS 1987-95
State of intended
residence
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
Total
601,516
643,025
1,090,924
1,536,483
1,827,167
973,977
904,292
804,416
720,461
Alabama
1,597
1,402
1,792
1,775
2,706
2,109
2,298
1,837
1,900
Alaska
992
989
1,013
1,207
1,525
1,165
1,286
1,129
1,049
Arizona
7,189
6,697
11,238
23,737
40,642
15,792
9,778
9,141
7,700
Arkansas
861
808
1,074
1,245
2,559
1,039
1,312
1,031
934
California
161,164
188,696
457,417
682.979
732,735
336,663
260,090
208,498
166.482
Colorado
4,562
4,541
7,101
9.125
13,782
6,553
6,650
6,825
7,713
Connecticut
8,058
7,161
8,430
10.678
12,365
10,345
10,966
9,537
9.240
Delaware
621
685
708
868
1,937
1,034
1,132
984
1,051
District of Columbia
2,572
2,517
4,759
5,467
5,510
4,275
3,608
3,204
3,047
Florida
54,654
65,418
48.474
71,603
141,068
61,127
61,423
58,093
62,023
Georgia
6,118
5,677
8.093
10,431
23,556
11,243
10,213
10,032
12,381
Hawaii
6,796
6,637
7.292
8,441
8,659
8,199
8,528
7,746
7.537
Idaho
682
790
1,875
1,815
7,088
1,186
1,270
1,559
1.612
Illinois
25,995
27,726
69,263
83,858
73.388
43,532
46,744
42,400
33,898
Indiana
2,279
2,322
2,580
3,392
4,512
3,115
4,539
3,725
3,590
Iowa
1,579
1,697
1,760
2,252
3,331
2.228
2,626
2,163
2,260
1,804
2,130
3.842
3,925
5,620
2,924
3,225
2,902
2,434
Kentucky
1,381
1,218
1,396
1,365
1,753
2,119
2,182
2,036
1,857
Louisiana
3,824
3,444
3,925
4,024
4,917
4,230
3,725
3,366
3,000
Maine
855
701
795
883
1,155
847
838
829
814
Maryland
11,846
11,502
14,258
17,106
17,470
15,408
16,899
15,937
15,055
Massachusetts
16,630
18,594
20,990
25.338
27,020
22,231
25,011
22.882
20,523
Michigan
8,929
9.073
9,552
10,990
16,090
14,268
14,913
12.728
14,135
5,621
4,665
5,704
6,627
7,461
6,851
7,438
7.098
8.111
Mississippi
862
760
845
931
1,254
842
906
815
757
Missouri
2,715
3,082
3,320
3,820
4,470
4,250
4,644
4,362
3,990
Montana
341
415
376
484
826
493
509
447
409
Nebraska
760
837
1,120
1,573
3,020
1,486
1,980
1,595
1,831
Nevada
2,562
2,726
5,242
8,270
10,470
5,086
4,045
4,051
4,306
New Hampshire
1,070
1,004
1,140
1,191
1,421
1,250
1,263
1,144
1,186
New Jersey
30,849
32.724
42,187
52,670
56,164
48.314
50,285
44,083
39,729
2,302
114,194
3,181
305
5,930
2.661
109,259
3,777
324
6,305
7,210
134,766
4,634
323
7,185
8,840
189,589
5,387
448
7,419
13,519
188,104
16,772
565
8,632
3,907
149,399
6,425
513
10,194
3,409
151,209
6.892
601
10,703
2,936
144,354
6.204
635
9,184
2,758
128,406
5,617
North Dakota
483
Ohio
8,585
Oklahoma
2,131
2,050
4,366
5,274
6,403
3,147
2,942
2,728
2,792
Oregon
3,687
3,722
4,773
7,880
24,575
6,275
7,250
6,784
4,923
Pennsylvania
10.599
11,837
12,895
14,757
20,033
16,213
16,964
15,971
15,065
2,425
1,480
304
2,276
2,390
1,360
254
2,439
3,134
1,787
265
2,763
3,683
2,130
287
2,893
3,644
3,836
519
3,828
2,920
2,118
522
2,995
3,168
2,195
543
4,287
2,907
2,110
570
3,608
2,609
2,165
South Dakota
495
Tennessee
3,392
Texas
42,349
43.271
112,927
174,132
212.600
75,533
67,380
56.158
49,963
Utah
1,995
2.113
2,926
3,335
5,737
2,744
3,266
2,951
2.831
Vermont
517
400
436
614
709
668
709
658
535
Virginia
11,235
11,908
15,690
19.005
24,942
17,739
16,451
15,342
16,319
Washington
9,684
9,890
13,630
15.129
33,826
15,861
17,147
18,180
15,862
West Virginia
530
482
500
552
763
723
689
663
540
2,912
261
3,288
230
4,210
461
5,293
542
5,888
566
4.261
281
5.168
263
5,328
217
4,919
252
U.S. territories and
possessions
1,805
X
1,909
X
1,775
140
1,851
105
2,113
114
2,464
67
3,072
158
2,531
120
2,419
Northern Mariana Islands
171
4,177
1,466
4,866
1,652
4,691
1,767
7.138
1.733
10,353
2,083
6,347
1,754
7,614
1,610
10,463
1,426
7.160
Virgin Islands
1,511
3
109
397
2,569
703
276
209
135
- Represents zero. X Not applicable.
65
TABLE 19. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH AND SELECTED
METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA OF INTENDED RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Metropolitan statistical area '
All
countries
Bangla-
desh
China,
People's
Republic
Colom-
bia
Domi-
nican
Republic
Equador
El
Salvador
Total
New York, NY
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA
Chicago, IL
Miami, FL
Washington, DC-MD-VA
Orange County, CA
Boston-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA
San Francisco, CA
Houston, TX
San Jose, CA
San Diego, CA
Oakland, CA
Philadelphia, PA-NJ
Newark, NJ
Detroit, MI
Dallas, TX
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA
Atlanta. GA
Bergen-Passaic, NJ
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Nassau-Suffolk, NY
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA
Jersey City, NJ
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI
Honolulu, HI
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ
El Paso.TX
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL
Denver, CO
Sacramento, CA
San Juan, PR
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
Baltimore, MD
Fresno, CA
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk-Danbury, CT
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH
Hartford, CT
Las Vegas, NV
Ventura, CA
San Antonio, TX
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI
St. Louis, MO-IL
Salinas, CA
Stockton-Lodi, CA
Austin-San Marcos. TX
Monmouth-Ocean, NJ
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT
Other MSA
Non-MSA
Unknown
See footnotes at end of table.
720,461
111.687
54.669
31.730
30,935
25,717
18,187
16,750
15,773
14,379
12,855
12,077
12,011
11,440
11,162
9,899
9,843
9,652
9,494
9,385
8,373
8,039
7,568
7,032
7,027
6,063
5,596
4,996
4,942
4,823
4,641
4,414
4,379
4,352
3,974
3,971
3,885
3,771
3,712
3,218
3,183
3,144
2,670
2,669
2,526
2,488
2,348
2,311
2,269
1.910
1,903
116,837
43,631
151
6,072
3,210
260
59
40
326
39
102
6
92
31
11
24
106
56
132
114
18
111
161
54
115
28
25
6
4
20
1
73
2
1
5
31
16
6
66
49
14
36
3
3
5
2
10
4
443
120
1
12,932
345
373
229
148
187
180
295
138
181
96
103
98
181
55
494
178
320
290
52
324
69
98
12
161
116
55
6
183
166
57
3
290
62
15
187
119
67
129
106
48
110
43
80
9
51
14
10
43
27
87
4,367
1.870
35,463
10,281
3,365
853
201
820
372
1,138
2,869
468
957
237
1,395
653
254
230
265
632
271
199
94
481
149
168
184
458
209
6
50
156
277
22
70
207
48
177
282
62
82
156
87
91
42
32
88
142
18
88
65
89
76
4,551
1,293
3
10,838
2,168
297
156
1,726
254
99
229
48
230
35
18
32
134
625
12
42
21
136
610
501
317
49
366
52
5
126
3
186
19
10
40
94
19
6
23
13
19
223
24
79
27
22
23
171
20
II
1
16
51
22
1,098
329
1
17,937
231
269
89
13,670
62
38
52
48
47
10
13
15
35
182
10
27
12
46
54
340
485
II
52
1
239
1
7
105
442
13
3
8
1
I
10
218
1
8
3
9
2
30
5
1
720
273
38,512
20,606
19
98
1,352
298
6
1,877
8
65
6
261
570
9
29
1,547
280
706
9
1,073
11
1
623
4
4,028
90
29
12
3
126
19
60
10
3
4
552
3
1
24
8
1.266
2,689
2
6^97
2,904
278
279
294
134
27
45
17
49
3
3
8
32
416
4
23
5
16
175
84
200
19
493
15
1
69
8
27
5
3
1
15
10
98
1
14
10
6
1
22
7
1
3
2
17
7
424
104
1
66
TABLE 19. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH AND SELECTED
METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA OF INTENDED RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Metropolitan statistical area '
Guyana
Hong
Kong
Total
New York, NY
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA
Chicago, IL
Miami, FL
Washington, DC-MD-VA
Orange County, CA
Boston-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA
San Francisco, CA
Houston, TX
San Jose, CA
San Diego, CA
Oakland, CA
Philadelphia, PA-NJ
Newark, NJ
Detroit, MI
Dallas, TX
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA
Atlanta, GA
Bergen-Passaic, NJ
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Nassau-Suffolk, NY
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA
Jersey City, NJ
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI
Honolulu, HI
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ
El Paso, TX
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL
Denver, CO
Sacramento, CA
San Juan, PR
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
Baltimore, MD
Fresno, CA
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk-Danbury, CT
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH
Hartford, CT
Las Vegas, NV
Ventura, CA
San Antonio, TX
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI
St. Louis, MO-IL
Salinas, CA
Stockton-Lodi, CA
Austin-San Marcos, TX
Monmouth-Ocean, NJ
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT
Other MSA
Non-MSA
Unknown
See footnotes at end of table.
6,213
381
1,735
399
212
360
151
152
182
143
51
50
70
23
134
13
85
35
34
37
30
124
119
46
18
1
30
3
32
20
15
2
23
16
12
56
18
29
60
18
16
37
21
32
150
18
2
3
17
20
28
715
235
7,362
4,912
53
10
81
220
2
59
7
37
3
12
57
400
10
18
3
53
72
142
159
93
4
43
27
1
3
44
27
11
1
1
2
9
18
85
2
2
4
10
1
394
94
1
14,021
3,040
16
91
2,329
167
1,238
9
42
1
30
8
239
920
31
1
31
55
31
1,274
359
5
112
28
1
17
1
1,111
28
2
131
25
1
4
13
6
306
3
55
11
91
2
1,811
219
1
7,249
1,113
972
166
64
150
121
236
946
145
283
83
523
90
45
33
64
238
72
32
32
74
65
13
36
177
51
4
20
23
156
2
24
34
17
43
34
20
21
25
9
13
14
7
14
18
5
14
26
16
7
649
210
34,748
3,638
1,363
2,823
143
1,383
549
712
364
984
1,115
148
1,120
1,092
810
907
673
341
634
636
156
627
342
564
228
33
1,243
17
134
95
267
2
188
335
268
160
133
159
181
260
144
51
104
68
21
170
24
145
157
193
65
7,187
1,592
9,201
279
2,401
146
55
701
605
121
172
204
360
236
264
79
56
52
185
142
191
49
42
96
89
2
77
7
21
10
33
75
96
47
85
24
55
79
53
26
31
33
31
65
40
10
26
4
8
51
25
44
1,387
231
16398
6,087
123
249
1,352
508
6
358
14
76
4
4
20
405
543
95
28
6
178
340
1,538
455
14
40
27
3
116
4
524
10
152
128
1
3
8
11
297
42
539
11
7
6
7
3
78
2
1,652
316
16,047
1,420
2,914
547
30
962
714
143
153
144
248
81
164
382
142
138
188
375
310
550
43
142
156
64
143
385
101
25
18
120
71
67
329
26
75
141
67
44
47
33
58
53
34
15
53
33
29
24
67
46
1,231
6
89,932
640
8,139
6,085
214
316
3,241
67
731
3,678
1,006
2,446
975
489
52
194
3,107
296
684
79
64
105
2,896
44
195
20
57
4,664
183
1.488
362
10
264
16
1,992
1,101
426
1,121
35
40
19
745
1,246
1,579
23
69
1,627
603
651
31
309
22,147
13,357
4
67
TABLE 19. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH AND SELECTED
METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA OF INTENDED RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Metropolitan statistical area '
Philip-
pines
Soviet
Union
United
Kingdom
Total
New York, NY
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA
Chicago, IL
Miami, FL
Washington, DC-MD-VA
Orange County, CA
Boston-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA
San Francisco, CA
Houston, TX
San Jose, CA
San Diego, CA
Oakland, CA
Philadelphia, PA-NJ
Newark, NJ
Detroit, MI
Dallas, TX
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA .
Atlanta, GA
Bergen-Passaic, NJ
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Nassau-Suffolk, NY
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA
Jersey City, NJ
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI
Honolulu, HI
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ .
El Paso, TX
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL ...
Denver, CO
Sacramento, CA
San Juan, PR
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
Baltimore, MD
Fresno, CA
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk-Danbury, CT
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH
Hartford, CT
Las Vegas, NV
Ventura, CA
San Antonio, TX
Providence- Warwick-Pawtucket, RI .
St. Louis, MO-JL
Salinas, CA
Stockton-Lodi, CA
Austin-San Marcos, TX
Monmouth-Ocean, NJ
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT
Other MSA
Non-MSA
Unknown
9,774
2,227
369
669
120
799
132
119
60
361
117
21
174
181
157
183
178
66
178
72
79
265
99
171
46
9
166
3
36
29
76
1
23
130
19
42
10
106
54
31
66
20
10
21
5
48
5
83
41
33
41
1,519
304
8,066
1,046
487
140
1,043
670
132
91
144
100
83
32
147
51
423
8
40
41
80
577
263
190
66
289
35
7
155
3
64
58
28
11
77
35
3
25
16
16
107
16
139
30
23
8
11
13
18
4
11
22
39
223
2
50,984
2,816
6,924
2,519
480
1,211
1,158
176
2,595
693
1,941
2,964
2,333
418
635
363
271
907
148
507
123
222
923
614
112
3,264
362
38
123
93
483
2
205
234
142
183
198
97
94
93
47
518
415
91
46
86
279
446
59
218
48
6,816
5,180
71
13,824
2,539
165
4,942
35
69
56
169
32
36
33
41
40
278
398
374
45
62
75
642
67
309
16
181
25
5
187
4
45
41
13
69
45
47
11
39
212
109
415
16
12
6
50
23
1
7
44
10
1,477
307
54,494
17,615
4,592
3,276
252
968
252
1,693
2,347
182
594
460
383
2,002
484
639
316
1,370
640
390
140
244
83
85
744
12
267
12
94
670
899
118
1,008
77
101
532
147
123
914
368
75
15
46
158
324
17
12
48
160
137
7,297
1,106
6
9,377
536
2,312
183
40
298
574
138
302
269
618
92
329
89
143
56
164
190
146
67
27
95
161
27
53
78
112
3
17
42
40
9
50
16
51
31
45
14
39
33
30
48
20
9
17
7
9
35
44
36
1,237
396
12,427
799
693
276
152
398
258
442
286
253
204
157
163
290
123
226
179
157
276
102
190
119
104
40
136
49
97
16
206
121
57
4
195
87
19
107
90
60
113
65
64
66
63
45
28
41
12
13
44
34
60
3,622
1,024
2
41,752
313
2,573
487
16
1.888
6,581
990
525
1,836
2,998
1,460
978
748
62
113
968
1,432
1,460
7
78
65
553
47
740
319
42
7
67
504
465
1
421
108
48
333
730
680
68
69
126
76
84
134
25
269
15
179
310
28
242
8,371
1,113
Ranked by the number of immigrants. See Glossary for definition of metropolitan statistical area. - Represents zero.
68
TABLE 20. IMMIGRANT BENEFICIARIES OF OCCUPATIONAL PREFERENCES ADMITTED
BY TYPE OF ADMISSION AND OCCUPATION
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Occupation
Employment-based principals
1st pref.
2nd pref.
3rd pref.
(skilled
worker or
profes-
sional)
3rd pref.
(other
workers)
4th pref.
5th pref.
All other
immi-
grants
All occupations
Professional specialty and technical occupations
Architects
Engineers, surveyors, and mapping scientists ..
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Health diagnosticians
Doctors
Others
Health assessment and treating personnel ...
Nurses
Others
Teachers (postsecondary)
Teachers (except postsecondary)
Counselors (educational and vocational)
Librarians, archivists, and curators
Social scientists and urban planners
Social, recreation, and religious workers
Lawyers and judges
Writers, artists, entertainers, and athletes
Technologists and technicians (health)
Technologists and technicians (except
health)
Executive, administrative, and managerial
occupations
Sales occupations
Administrative support occupations (including
clerical)
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations
Operator, fabricator, and laborer occupations
Farming, forestry, and fishing occupations
Service occupations
No occupation
Homemaker
Unemployed or retired
Students and/or children under age 16
Unknown or not reported
- Represents zero.
720,461
59,015
480
9,104
2,128
2,396
5,007
4,199
808
11,705
8,138
3,567
3,730
7,326
189
154
583
2,814
853
5,097
742
6,707
37,444
17,906
72
2,619
1,231
1,230
917
743
174
5,891
4,456
1,435
1,166
501
40
15
63
1,839
29
895
157
1,241
24,850
7,330
11,609
327
18,322
741
18,395
1,656
51,532
1,354
12,517
138
46,637
6,147
434,803
1,128
96,293
68
96,250
402
242,260
658
6,733
2^07
8
182
178
645
206
164
42
45
4
41
467
90
3
3
17
2
6
455
4,426
4,952
4,064
21
1,282
375
493
584
519
65
161
49
112
569
116
16
7
28
16
14
70
27
285
765
14
42,781
19,020
9,520
42
1,136
678
90
116
53
63
5,657
4,391
1,266
111
241
16
5
18
40
7
332
122
909
1,911
267
559
1,207
586
95
3,700
519
51
188
280
656
3,636
115
54
40
89
243
731
37
2,327
2,929
1,889
1
9
1
5
4
1
7
1
6
9
31
5
1,775
1
23
3
19
40
3
38
186
35
4
89
597
12
208
377
134
3
683,017
41,109
408
6,485
897
1,166
4,090
3,456
634
5^14
3,682
2.132
2,564
6,825
149
139
520
975
824
4,202
585
5,466
17,520
11,282
17,581
16,739
50,178
12,379
40,490
433,675
96,225
95,848
241,602
42,064
69
TABLE 21. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP AND REGION
AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Region and country
of birth
Occupation
Profes-
sional
specialty
and tech-
nical
Executive,
admini-
strative,
and man-
agerial
Admini-
strative
support
Precision
produc-
tion, craft,
and repair
Operator,
fabricator,
and
laborer
Farming,
forestry,
and
fishing
All countries
Europe
Albania
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union, former
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Moldova
Russia
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Other republics
Unknown republic .
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Burma
Cambodia
China, People's Rep.
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Kuwait
Laos
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
720,461
128,185
1,420
1,797
1,174
2,505
6,237
1,309
900
5,315
2,231
1,196
13,824
2,615
4,871
54,494
1,992
1,885
3,791
1,856
14,560
17,432
3,645
2,549
6,784
1,321
976
881
12,427
8,307
4,385
267,931
1,424
6,072
1,233
1,492
35,463
7,249
34,748
1,020
9,201
5,596
2,523
4.837
3,649
16,047
961
3,936
3,884
1,223
9.774
50,984
399
960
2,362
9,377
5,136
242,877
46,644
620
814
481
1,106
2,906
517
388
3,744
979
620
7,203
1,062
2,162
11,522
438
450
725
333
3,631
3,469
510
536
1,430
551
420
422
5,982
3,381
1,764
90,452
333
1,478
548
509
15,360
3,011
11,327
342
2,788
1,629
951
1,342
1,145
3,876
238
515
1,385
579
2,645
18,257
166
466
719
3,630
59,015
15,678
220
421
203
409
896
188
166
1,134
272
260
2,413
74
941
4,002
181
88
190
88
1,593
1,039
136
191
496
246
149
167
2,159
670
25,726
81
439
135
70
3,179
734
5,718
112
1,002
194
342
389
280
1,293
69
39
439
200
810
7,082
54
196
263
1,257
175
24,850
5392
25
63
45
293
463
58
51
533
182
156
184
58
132
764
25
22
30
21
320
194
31
34
87
85
109
116
1,573
158
344
12,089
28
175
72
27
1,882
930
1,863
85
518
72
167
460
169
576
43
4
232
150
475
2,281
60
85
95
1,126
68
11,609
1,992
8
34
14
76
189
23
11
220
36
24
232
31
77
503
24
22
29
10
154
174
26
18
46
16
27
16
259
103
93
4,470
39
228
63
75
420
137
408
16
258
71
114
53
122
263
25
7
119
17
163
625
12
24
73
205
151
18322
4,044
19
37
36
93
555
22
36
643
62
59
534
41
150
715
30
15
50
21
264
211
17
21
86
58
29
36
595
186
138
6,448
20
98
56
21
1,112
685
725
46
235
29
68
145
56
446
19
13
108
55
111
1,196
12
61
32
608
102
18395
4,467
59
69
63
33
159
51
38
381
54
26
1,414
252
243
814
64
28
58
26
156
284
47
28
123
30
23
30
305
286
137
5,856
31
87
88
95
510
176
228
15
219
84
65
38
91
291
14
25
149
22
49
1,027
2
17
78
56
65
51332
6305
136
73
41
28
152
50
27
233
98
22
1,025
245
294
2,365
60
165
159
77
511
850
112
112
319
41
22
15
302
1,035
101
13,858
30
66
55
76
2,059
91
256
15
153
802
65
20
191
431
15
309
111
12
122
1,479
5
9
48
82
37
12317
745
21
2
5
70
6
13
391
72
17
15
6334
6
46
1
64
2,649
1,083
2
19
7
3
55
48
47
18
167
1,291
2
18
41
44
46,637
8,021
132
115
74
166
484
100
59
530
269
60
1,010
289
308
2,344
54
110
208
90
630
711
141
132
268
72
59
42
755
898
255
15,471
98
339
78
81
3,549
258
1,046
51
384
370
130
234
181
528
53
71
209
123
748
3,276
21
72
112
255
206
See footnotes at end of table
70
TABLE 21. IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP AND REGION
AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Total
Occupation
Region and country
of birth
Total
Profes-
sional
specialty
Executive,
admini-
strative,
Sales
Admini-
strative
Precision
produc-
Operator,
fabricator.
Farming,
forestry,
Service
No occu-
pation or
not re-
and tech-
nical
and man-
agerial
support
and repair
laborer
fishing
ported '
Turkey
2,947
1,310
447
222
65
77
124
108
13
254
1,637
Vietnam
41,752
13,994
534
106
685
241
2,185
6,744
860
2,639
27,758
Yemen
1,501
565
17
12
12
5
5
447
45
22
936
2.181
42,456
496
16,991
176
5,578
106
2,265
20
1,005
66
1,549
20
916
20
2,157
5
153
83
3368
1,685
25,465
Cape Verde
968
193
20
8
7
7
28
78
2
43
775
Egypt
5,648
2,558
1,174
580
141
185
95
88
12
283
3,090
Ethiopia
6,952
2,291
477
186
199
278
120
407
19
605
4,661
Ghana
3,152
1,494
407
79
88
139
225
153
31
372
1,658
Kenya
1,419
565
184
134
34
82
23
15
7
86
854
Liberia
1,929
610
179
55
32
62
11
95
9
167
1,319
Morocco
1,726
737
160
106
55
65
67
60
10
214
989
Nigeria
6,818
3,182
1,446
312
198
275
102
209
29
611
3,636
Sierra Leone
919
365
106
38
29
45
18
19
5
105
554
Somalia
3,487
879
44
28
19
35
27
541
4
181
2,608
South Africa
2,560
1,124
487
321
41
107
46
28
8
86
1,436
Sudan
1,645
673
132
46
21
48
25
256
4
141
972
5,233
4,695
2,320
2,274
762
736
372
356
141
113
221
243
129
190
208
152
13
75
474
409
2,913
2,421
Australia
1,751
933
395
191
55
94
42
45
16
95
818
Fiji
1,491
727
105
76
38
95
89
52
33
239
764
Other Oceania
1,453
614
236
89
20
54
59
55
26
75
839
231,526
70,935
8,153
3,383
3,007
4,627
5,749
24,774
4,667
16,575
160,591
Canada
12,932
5,543
2,440
1,415
303
421
176
354
35
399
7,389
Mexico
89,932
25,296
560
362
866
851
1,528
13,440
2,942
4,747
64,636
96,788
29374
4,238
1,210
1359
2,518
3313
7329
1309
7,898
67,414
Cuba
17,937
6,017
926
220
244
448
634
2,464
59
1,022
11,920
Dominican Rep. .
38,512
8,928
1,407
419
496
689
1,291
3,010
692
924
29,584
Haiti
14,021
3,931
476
112
260
239
739
951
386
768
10,090
Jamaica
16,398
6,842
802
182
192
846
221
498
310
3,791
9,556
Trinidad &
Tobago
5,424
1,815
336
158
94
184
253
237
19
534
3,609
Other Caribbean .
4,496
1,841
291
119
73
112
175
169
43
859
2,655
Central America .
31,814
10,699
905
389
476
837
730
3,651
181
3,530
21,115
1,062
11,744
343
4,400
71
122
25
51
8
207
36
207
24
211
96
1,444
6
52
77
2,106
719
El Salvador
7,344
Guatemala
6,213
1,951
196
84
65
154
157
764
65
466
4,262
Honduras
5,496
1,643
174
96
45
115
184
688
26
315
3,853
Nicaragua
4,408
1,558
183
76
106
153
97
566
25
352
2,850
Panama
2,247
580
129
44
35
135
29
69
3
136
1,667
Other C. America
644
224
30
13
10
37
28
24
4
78
420
Other N. America .
60
23
10
7
3
-
2
1
37
45,666
15,579
3,144
1365
1,021
1,411
1316
4,286
343
2,793
30,087
Argentina
1,762
678
242
130
36
66
36
74
7
87
1,084
Bolivia
1,332
512
103
31
18
50
71
53
2
184
820
Brazil
4,558
1,687
492
273
67
136
87
199
18
415
2,871
Chile
1,534
571
156
52
43
64
36
99
4
117
963
Colombia
10,838
3,792
601
191
220
179
112
2,019
12
458
7,046
Ecuador
6,397
2,252
316
85
238
236
311
562
59
445
4,145
Guyana
7,362
2,151
351
205
94
282
333
356
207
323
5,211
Peru
8,066
2,904
534
210
259
310
172
790
28
601
5,162
Venezuela
2,627
696
270
148
27
61
9
92
89
1,931
Others. America ..
1,190
336
79
40
19
27
49
42
6
74
854
Unknown or not rep.
2
2
1
1
' Includes homemakers, students, unemployed or retired persons, and others not reporting or with an unknown occupation.
- Represents zero.
71
II. REFUGEES
The Immigration and Nationality Act, as amended by the
Refugee Act of 1980, governs the admission of refugees
into the United States. A refugee, as defined by the Act, is
any person who is outside his or her country of nationality
and is unable or unwilling to return to that country because
of persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution.
Claims of persecution must be based on race, religion,
nationality, membership in a particular social group, or
political opinion. Persons within their country of
nationality may be treated as refugees, provided that the
President, after consultation with Congress, declares that
they are of special humanitarian concern to the United
States. The definition of refugee set forth in the Refugee
Act of 1980 conforms to the 1967 United Nations Protocol
on Refugees.
U.S. Refugee Program
At the beginning of each fiscal year, the President, after
consultation with Congress to review the worldwide
refugee situation, determines the number of refugees in
need of resettlement who are of special humanitarian
concern to the United States. The President then
establishes the authorized number of admissions for that
fiscal year. During the year, changes in the need for
resettlement may require revisions in the overall limit on
refugee admissions or reallocation among areas of the
world. The admission ceiling of 112,000 for 1995 was
allocated among geographic regions as follows:
Geographic region of origin
Ceilings
Africa 7,000
East Asia 40,000
Eastern Europe / Soviet Union 48,000
Latin America / Caribbean 8,000
Near East / South Asia 5,000
Unallocated, funded 2,000
Unallocated, unfunded 2,000
The authorized admission levels set the maximum number
of refugees allowed to enter the United States in a fiscal
year from each of the geographic areas of chargeability.
The authorized ceiling was lowered from 121,000 in 1994
to 112,000 in 1995, continuing a downward trend since the
peak of 142,000 in 1992. An unallocated funded reserve
of 2,000 was placed in the 1995 ceiling to allow for small
increases in one or more areas as needed without
subtracting refugee numbers from other areas. A separate
unfunded reserve was established in 1987 so that
additional refugees could be admitted with private sector
funding for the costs of their resettlement. Cubans have
been the major group admitted with private funding, but
this program has also been used for small numbers of
refugees from other countries. No refugees were admitted
in 1995 under the privately-funded program.
The ceiling for East Asia includes certain Vietnamese
Amerasians, who enter the United States with immigrant
visas. Although these aliens are immigrants rather than
refugees, they are included in the refugee ceiling since
they are eligible for refugee benefits in the United States.
Only 939 Amerasians, including their family members,
entered the United States in 1995. They are included in
the immigrant rather than the refugee tables in the
Statistical Yearbook. The Amerasian program is ending,
since most of the eligible persons have already been
identified and entered the United States.
During 1995, refugees were interviewed and approved for
admission to the United States by officers in twelve of the
Service's eighteen overseas offices. To qualify for
admission to the United States as a refugee, each applicant
must meet all of the following criteria: be a refugee as set
forth in the Refugee Act of 1980; be among the types of
refugees determined to be of special humanitarian concern
to the United States; be admissible under the Immigration
and Nationality Act; and not be firmly resettled in any
foreign country. Spouses and minor children of qualifying
refugees also enter the United States as refugees, either
accompanying or following to join the principal refugee.
Occasionally these family members gain refugee status
after arriving in the United States; this was the case with
163 people in 1995.
Under the Refugee Act of 1980, refugees are eligible to
adjust to lawful permanent resident status, exempt from
the worldwide annual limitation, after 1 year of residence
in the United States. When they adjust status, their date of
admission is recorded as their date of entry as refugees, so
that the length of time spent in refugee status is counted
toward the residency requirement for naturalization.
Beginning in 1990, the administrative processing of
refugee applicants residing in the Soviet Union was
shifted to the United States. The resulting change in the
application procedure created a discontinuity with prior
INS data on refugee applications. Applicants from the
former Soviet Union are now required to submit an initial
questionnaire to the State Department's Washington
Processing Center (WPC) in Rosslyn, Virginia. The WPC
establishes interview priority for applications based on
information supplied on the initial questionnaires and
schedules interviews in Moscow. On the day of their
interview, applicants submit completed refugee
72
Chart F
Refugee and Asylee Initial Admissions and Admissions to Lawful Permanent Resident Status:
Fiscal Years 1946-95
Thousands
350 -I
300 -
250 -
200 -
150
100 -
50 -
Initial admissions
Admissions to lawful permanent resident status
1946 1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
— i —
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
Major refugee programs
1949-53 Displaced Persons Act
1954-57 Refugee Relief Act
11/56-7/58 Hungarians paroled
1959 Hungarian adjustments began
1966-80 Refugee conditional entrants
1978-84
2/70-3/80
1/59-3/80
1967
Indochinese Refugee
Adjustment Act
Refugee-Parolees admitted
Cubans paroled
Cuban adjustments began
3/75-3/80 Indochinese refugees paroled
1980 Refugee-Parolee adjustments began
4/80 Refugee Act admissions began
1981 Refugee Act adjustments began
4/80-10/80 Mariel boatlift
1985-87 Mariel adjustments
NOTE: For the period 1946-56, admissions to lawful permanent resident status and initial admissions were the same. See Glossary for fiscal year definitions.
Source: Tables 24, 28, and 31.
applications to Service officers in Moscow. Since 1990,
those applications have been counted as filed on the
interview date. The 45,825 applications pending in
Moscow at the end of fiscal year 1989 were
administratively closed and forwarded to the WPC to
receive a priority and interview date; therefore, the count
of pending applications declined by this number between
1989 and 1990. The 45,825 applications were added to the
pool of initial questionnaires submitted to the WPC
beginning in 1990.
The number of initial questionnaires received at the WPC
provides only a rough indication of the potential number of
applications, because a questionnaire may include more
than one person, and some potential applicants submit
duplicate questionnaires. Many questionnaires never result
in formal applications for refugee status, because they
greatly exceed the yearly admissions allocated for the
former Soviet Union. During fiscal year 1995, the WPC
received 38,753 questionnaires and scheduled 36,105
persons for Moscow interviews. About 24 percent of these
potential applicants did not appear for their interviews.
Applicants from the former Soviet Union who were in
other countries at the start of fiscal year 1990 are still
allowed to submit applications for refugee status directly
to other INS refugee processing posts. Only 29 Soviet
applications were filed outside of Moscow in 1995,
including 11 spouses and children who received refugee
status in the United States.
Data Overview
The United States first recognized refugees for entry into
the country in fiscal year 1946. After that time many
different refugee programs were enacted on an ad hoc
basis, including the Displaced Persons Act and the Cuban
73
Table E
Refugee Status Applications Filed and Approved, and Refugees Admitted, by Selected Nationality
Fiscal Year 1995
Nationality
Refugee applications
filed
Refugee applications
approved
Refugee arrivals
Total
Vietnam
Soviet Union (former)
Bosnia-Herzegovina ...
Somalia
Iraq
Cuba
Sudan
Iran
Laos
Ethiopia
Other
143,223
69,987
36,336
16,491
7,695
4,173
2,842
2,251
1,726
458
245
1,019
78,936
22,563
34,355
11,426
2,454
2,173
1,914
1,825
889
439
229
669
95,576
28,653
33,119
8,412
2,435
3,241
5,118
1,654
947
3,323
404
8,270
Source: Tables 23 and 25.
and Indochinese Refugee Adjustment Acts. During the first
decade of refugee programs, virtually all refugees entered
the United States as immigrants. Since 1957, most refugees
either have been paroled into the United States under
special authority granted to the Attorney General by the
Immigration and Nationality Act, or have entered in a
statutory refugee status, to be adjusted to lawful permanent
resident status at a later date.
Chart F depicts initial refugee admissions and admissions to
lawful permanent resident status for the period 1946-95.
This graph demonstrates the time lag between initial
admission and adjustment to immigrant status. At the onset
of parole programs there generally were no mechanisms for
adjustment to permanent status, thus creating a recurring
need for special legislation. The Refugee Act of 1980
addressed this situation by providing for routine adjustment
of status by refugees one year after arrival.
The number of applications for refugee status filed with
INS increased by less than 1 percent from 1994 (142,068)
to 1995 (143,223). The leading countries of chargeability
of the applicants were Vietnam with 49 percent of the
applications, the former Soviet Union (25 percent) and
Bosnia-Herzegovina (12 percent). In 1995 the number of
applications filed by Vietnamese increased by 28 percent
over the 1994 level, while the number filed by former
Soviet citizens dropped by 14 percent (Table E). The
refugee processing program in Haiti closed at the end of
fiscal year 1994, so applications filed by Haitians dropped
from 10,400 in fiscal year 1994 to only 30 in fiscal year
1995. Applications by Bosnians increased by 66 percent.
The number of refugees approved for admission to the
United States declined from 105,137 in 1994 to 78,936 in
1995. The leading countries of chargeability were the
former Soviet Union with 34,355 approvals, Vietnam with
22,563, and Bosnia-Herzegovina with 11,426 (Table E).
These three countries accounted for 87 percent of all
approvals in 1995. The number approved from the former
Soviet Union dropped for the third straight year, following
the downward trend in applications. The number of
refugees approved from Vietnam declined by 34 percent in
1995, reflecting a substantial drop in the proportion of
successful applications.
More than 95,000 refugees arrived in the
United States during 1995.
Refugee figures include spouses and children who are
cleared to join principal refugees already in the United
States, and they count against the annual ceiling. Because
of these family reunification cases, the data continue to
show refugees being approved and arriving for some time
after active refugee processing has ended for nationals of
certain countries. Most of the refugee flow from Eastern
Europe in fiscal year 1995 other than from Bosnia-
Herzegovina was family reunification cases, and most of
the caseload from Afghanistan, Ethiopia, and Haiti also
falls into this category. Overall, 2.5 percent of the
applications and 3 percent of the approvals were family
reunification cases.
74
Refugee arrivals into the United States declined to 95,576
in 1995 from the 1994 level of 114,976. The decline was
distributed among most refugee source countries,
including the two leading countries: the former Soviet
Union with 33,119 arrivals and Vietnam with 28,653.
These two countries comprise 65 percent of the total
refugee arrivals for 1995 (Table E). The time lag between
approval of a refugee application and the refugee's arrival
in the United States may be 6 months or more. After
approval, refugees must undergo health and security
clearances, have sponsorship and placement arranged, and
in some cases go through orientation and English language
training. This time lag accounts for the discrepancies
between approval and arrival figures in any given year.
Reflecting earlier trends in refugee admissions, the number
of refugees adjusting to lawful permanent resident status
declined by 7 percent from 1994 (115,451) to 1995
(106,827). The leading countries of birth for these
refugees were the former Soviet Union (39,368), Vietnam
(28,587), Cuba (12,039), Bosnia-Herzegovina (3,761), and
Iraq (3,749). These five countries accounted for 82
percent of all refugee adjustments. The number of
refugees adjusting status from the former Soviet Union
declined by about 22 percent from 1994, while the number
from Vietnam and Cuba remained about the same.
In order to adjust to lawful permanent resident status, a
refugee must reside in the United States for 1 year in
refugee status. For all refugees who adjusted status in
1995, the median length of residence in the United States
was 1.4 years. This analysis and others indicate that
refugees tend to adjust soon after they become eligible.
Nearly 82 percent of the 1995 refugee adjustment cohort
entered the United States in 1993-94. An analysis based
on arrival-year cohorts indicates that in recent years
approximately one-fourth of the refugee arrivals have
adjusted their status as soon as they complete their first
year in the country. By the end of their second year, more
than 80 percent have completed the process, and 93
percent have done so by the end of their third year.
The leading states of residence for refugees (and asylees)
adjusting status in 1995 were California (26,104), New York
(19,721), Florida (14,527), Illinois (5,060), Washington
(4,793), and Texas (4,272). These six states accounted for
65 percent of all refugee and asylee adjustments. Nearly 23
percent of all refugees and asylees who adjusted status in
1995 live in California. The leading metropolitan areas of
residence for these refugees and asylees were New York
(17,483), Miami (11,058), Orange County, CA (5,702), Los
Angeles-Long Beach (5,226), and Chicago (4,920).
Data Collection
The Immigration and Naturalization Service collects data
on refugees at three points during processing: when they
apply for refugee status abroad, when they are admitted to
the United States, and when they adjust to lawful
permanent resident status. The INS overseas offices
collect data on applicants for refugee status. Each office
completes INS Form G-319, Report of Applicants for
Refugee Status under Section 207, which reports refugee
casework by the country to which each applicant is
chargeable.
Since 1987, data on refugee admissions have been
entered into in the Nonimmigrant Information System
(NHS). The system compiles refugee admissions by
country of citizenship on a monthly basis from INS Form
1-94, Arrival/Departure Record (see Nonimmigrants
section). Since NIIS records each entry of a person with
nonimmigrant status, a refugee traveling abroad and
returning to the United States may be counted more than
once during the fiscal year. As a result, the data on
refugee admissions may overstate the number of initial
admissions of refugees. The admission data may also
include spouses and children coming to join family
members who were granted asylum status. A
comparison of NIIS data to data collected by other
agencies indicates that INS refugee arrival figures were
not overstated in 1995.
Both the Bureau for Refugee Programs (Department of
State) and the Office of Refugee Resettlement
(Department of Health and Human Services) collect data
on refugees admitted to the United States. The Bureau for
Refugee Programs collects data through the
Intergovernmental Organization for Migration, which is
the agency responsible for arranging the transportation of
refugees to the United States. The Office of Refugee
Resettlement, responsible for the disbursement of funds
for refugee benefits, collects detailed data on the
characteristics of refugees at the time they are initially
admitted to the United States.
The Immigration and Naturalization Service collects data
on refugees adjusting to lawful permanent resident status
as part of its immigrant data series gathered by the
Immigrant Data Capture System (IMDAC). The data
collected include demographic variables as well as
immigration-oriented variables (see Immigrants section).
This is the only stage in the refugee process where the INS
collects detailed information about the characteristics of
refugees.
75
III. ASYLEES
The Refugee Act of 1980 regulates U.S. asylum policy as
well as governing refugee procedures. The Act, for the
first time, established a statutory basis for granting asylum
in the United States consistent with the 1967 United
Nations Protocol on Refugees. An asylee must meet the
same criteria as a refugee. The only difference is the
location of the person upon application; the potential
asylee is in the United States or applying for admission at
a port of entry, and the potential refugee is outside the
United States.
U.S. Asylum Program
Any alien physically present in the United States or at a
port of entry may request asylum in the United States.
According to the Refugee Act, current immigration status,
whether legal or illegal, is not relevant to an applicant's
asylum claim. An alien may apply for asylum in one of
two ways: with an INS asylum officer, or, if apprehended,
with an immigration judge as part of a deportation or
exclusion hearing. Aliens who appear at the ports of entry
without proper documents and request asylum are referred
for exclusion hearings. The data reported in this section
pertain only to asylum cases filed with INS asylum
officers. An alien denied asylum by the INS may renew
the asylum claim with an immigration judge.
No limits are set by law on the number of individuals who
may be granted asylum in the United States. Under
immigration law, an approved asylee must reside in the
United States for 1 year following his or her approval to be
eligible to apply for adjustment to lawful permanent
resident status. One year of the asylee's residence prior to
adjustment is counted toward the naturalization residency
requirement. Although asylee adjustments are exempt
from the worldwide annual limitation on immigrants, the
law places a ceiling on the number of asylees who may
adjust each year. The Immigration Act of 1990 increased
the ceiling from 5,000 to 10,000 per year, effective in
fiscal year 1991. It also waived the annual ceiling
beginning in fiscal year 1991 for those asylees who had
met the required 1-year waiting period and filed for
adjustment of status on or before June 1, 1990.
The Asylum Officer Corps (AOC) assumed responsibility
within INS for the adjudication of asylum claims on April
2, 1991 . Before that date asylum claims had been heard by
examiners in INS district offices. During fiscal year 1995
asylum officers worked from eight sites: Los Angeles, San
Francisco, Chicago, Newark, New York City, Arlington
(Virginia), Miami, and Houston. The New York office
opened at the beginning of fiscal year 1995, assuming
some of the caseload that had previously been handled
from Newark. Applicants who do not live near these
locations may be interviewed by asylum officers who
travel to other INS offices.
In March 1994, the INS published proposed regulations
designed to streamline the asylum decision process,
discourage the filing of frivolous claims, and integrate the
work of asylum officers with the work of the immigration
judges in the Executive Office of Immigration Review
(EOIR, an independent Justice Department agency) in the
case of claims that do not appear to meet the standards for
granting asylum. The plan also called for a doubling of
the asylum officer corps in 1995. The final asylum reform
regulations were published in December 1994, and took
effect on January 4, 1995.
Under asylum reform the INS standard is to conduct the
asylum interview within 60 days after the claim is filed,
and to identify and grant those cases that have merit in a
timely fashion. If the INS asylum officer does not find the
claim to be grantable at the interview, the applicant is
referred immediately for deportation proceedings before
EOIR (unless his nonimmigrant status is still valid). The
immigration judge may grant the claim or may issue a
denial and an order of deportation. Under this system the
INS asylum officers issue relatively few denials, but an
interview followed by a referral to EOIR represents the
asylum officer's judgment that the application is not
readily grantable. An applicant who fails without good
cause to keep a scheduled appointment for an asylum
interview is referred immediately to EOIR for deportation;
this is considered to be one type of case closure.
More than 154,000 asylum
applications were filed in
the United States during 1995.
Data Overview
The yearly number of asylum applications filed with the
INS has fluctuated greatly since the effective date of the
Refugee Act of 1980, as shown in Chart G. In fiscal year
1995, 154,464 asylum cases were filed or reopened. This
was a record high number for the fourth straight year,
although a small increase over the 1994 total of 146,468.
Central Americans accounted for two-thirds of the new
claims; the trend in claims from Central America is shown
in Table F. Nearly 76,000 new claims were filed by
Salvadorans and more than 23,000 by Guatemalans.
76
Chart G
Asylum Applications Filed with the INS:
Fiscal Years 1973-95
Thousands
175
i
A
1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995
NOTE: See Glossary for fiscal year definitions. Source: Table 27.
Mexico, with 9,703 new claims, ranked third, and the
People's Republic of China accounted for nearly 5,000.
The 1995 figures were swelled by about 71,000 claims
filed under the terms of the ABC settlement (see discussion
below). Excluding them, about 84,000 applications were
filed, a drop of more than 50,000 from fiscal year 1994.
Moreover, applications surged just before the new
regulations took effect, suggesting that many potential
applicants preferred to submit their applications under the
old rules.
In recent years, the trend in asylum claims filed by persons
from Central America has been driven in large part by
what are known as ABC cases. In 1991 a settlement was
reached in a class action lawsuit, American Baptist
Churches (ABC) v. Thornburgh. Under its terms, many
nationals of El Salvador and Guatemala were allowed to
file or renew their claims for asylum. The Guatemalans
had a filing deadline of March 31, 1992, which was the
peak year for claims from Guatemalans. The 187,000
Salvadorans who had registered for Temporary Protected
Status (TPS) in 1991 became eligible to file for asylum at
the expiration of their TPS period in 1992. They were
later granted additional time under deferred enforced
departure periods which extended until December 1994,
and they had until January 31, 1996, to apply for asylum
under the ABC agreement. The number of ABC claims
filed by Salvadorans grew during fiscal year 1995 as the
deadline approached. These claims are heard under the
pre-reform regulations.
During fiscal year 1995, the Asylum Officer Corps
completed work on 108,042 claims, more than twice the
53,399 cases completed in fiscal year 1994. The number
of cases granted was 12,454, representing 20 percent of
the cases adjudicated. These cases encompassed 17,493
persons given asylum, a record high number. In fiscal
year 1994, 8,131 asylum cases were granted, which was
22 percent of the adjudicated cases.
In 1995, 7,837 asylees adjusted to lawful permanent
resident status. This number represents a rise of 31
percent from the 5,983 asylees who became permanent
resident aliens in fiscal year 1994. The backlog of
registered asylees waiting to adjust status was gone by the
end of fiscal year 1993, and the ceiling of 10,000 was
sufficient to accommodate all who applied during 1994
and 1995. Because more than 10,000 persons received
asylum each year in fiscal year 1994 and fiscal year 1995,
a potential backlog is building again. The largest groups
of asylees who adjusted status in 1995 included 772
Table F
Asylum Applications Filed with the INS by Central Americans: Fiscal Years 1989-95
Area of citizenship
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
Central America 87,564 54,379
Nicaragua 35,431 18,304
El Salvador 29,680 22,271
Guatemala 15,521 12,234
Other 6,932 1,570
Source: Table 29; applications received and reopened during year.
28,114
53,966
54,898
62,310
104,228
2,219
2,075
3,180
4,682
1,908
10,244
6,781
14,616
18,600
75,860
14,774
43,915
34,198
34,433
23,202
877
1,195
2,904
4,595
3,258
77
Chinese, 752 persons from the former Soviet Union, and
686 Nicaraguans. No other nationality adjusting status
accounted for as many as 500 asylees.
Approximately 111,000 individuals have been granted
asylum by the INS under the provisions of the Refugee Act
from 1980 through 1995. During the same period, 102,601
asylees have adjusted to permanent resident status. The
total numberof asylees adjusting status exceeds the number
granted asylum by the INS because immigration judges
and the Board of Immigration Appeals also grant asylum.
In addition, persons whose asylum applications are
successful can apply for their spouses and children to join
them from abroad, and these relatives also adjust status as
asylees.
Data Collection
Prior to April 1, 1991, data on asylum applicants reflect
cases filed with INS district directors; and subsequently,
cases filed with INS asylum officers on Form 1-589
(Request for Asylum in the United States). A centralized,
automated data system (RAPS, for Refugees, Asylum and
Parole System) has been developed to support the
processing of the existing caseload and new asylum
applications. The system is designed to support case
tracking, schedule and control interviews, and generate
management and statistical reports. The system is capable
of reporting asylum casework by nationality and other
characteristics of asylum applicants. Data can be reported
by case or by the number of persons covered, since a case
may include more than one person. Data on asylum
applicants have been collected by the INS for selected
nationalities since July 1980, and since June 1983 for all
nationalities.
As with refugees, the Immigration and Naturalization
Service collects data on asylees adjusting to lawful
permanent resident status in the Immigrant Data Capture
System (IMDAC) (see Immigrants section). Adjustment to
immigrant status has been the only point at which detailed
characteristics of asylees were collected in past years. The
RAPS system is now able to provide data on selected
characteristics of asylees at an earlier time.
Limitations of Data
The figures shown here for fiscal year 1995 differ slightly
from preliminary statistics that were released by the
Asylum Division in October 1995. The data presented
here were tabulated from the RAPS system several months
after the close of the fiscal year and incorporate late
additions and corrections to the data base. Cases that were
entered into the RAPS system during fiscal year 1995
showing filing dates in fiscal year 1994 were treated as
new cases in these tabulations. Other corrections resulted
in a drop from 424,458 to 422,105 in the pending caseload
as reported at the close of fiscal year 1994 and at the
beginning of fiscal year 1995. Another change between
1994 and 1995 concerns the identification of applicants
from the former Soviet Union whose records are being
recoded in the system to one of the succeeding republics.
Therefore, the pending number of cases from the "Soviet
Union" dropped, and the numbers for Ukraine and others
increased.
It is possible for an asylum case to have more than one
action during a year, particularly if the claimant fails to
pursue a claim and later reopens it. Therefore, some
claims may be double-counted as received and reopened,
or closed and denied or granted. For this reason and due to
recent growth in the number of reopened claims, the
pending caseload at the end of the year can no longer be
calculated by taking the pending caseload at the beginning
of the year, adding claims filed and subtracting claims
completed.
Tables 29 and 30 contain a column showing the number of
applications that were reopened during the year. Most of
these are cases that had been closed earlier without a
decision. The number of asylum applications filed is
defined here as the sum of the new applications received
and the applications reopened during the year. The
tabulations also contain columns showing the number of
cases referred to the immigration judges, with and without
an interview. A referral due to failure without good cause
to keep an appointment for an interview is considered
comparable to a closed case for statistical purposes. The
approval rate is calculated as the number of cases approved
divided by the number of cases adjudicated, which is
defined as the cases approved, denied, and referred to
EOIR following an interview.
Data on applicants for asylum collected by the Immigration
and Naturalization Service historically have covered only
cases filed with the INS. Information has not been
available on cases filed by apprehended aliens or cases
denied or referred by the INS and renewed with the
immigration judges in the Executive Office for Immigration
Review. The two agencies are working to integrate their
data systems to provide these data in the future. The data
collected by the ENS at the time asylees adjust to permanent
resident status include all aliens who adjust regardless of
whether they were granted asylum by the INS, immigration
judges, or the BIA. Adjustment data also include spouses
and children of persons granted asylum.
78
TABLE 22. REFUGEE-STATUS APPLICATIONS: FISCAL YEARS 1980-95
Year
Applications
pending
beginning of year
Applications
filed during
year
Applications
approved
during year
Applications
denied during
year
Applications
otherwise closed
during year
Applications
pending
end of year
1980 (April-Sept.)..
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
16,642
14,957
18,619
11,668
7,801
12,681
13,707
15,895
20,152
27,441
39,524
20,369
18,238
15,028
15,582
12,471
95,241
178.273
76.150
92,522
99,636
80,734
67,310
85,823
105,024
190,597
135,251
123,492
133,786
127,676
142,068
143,223
89,580
155,291
61.527
73.645
77,932
59,436
52,081
61,529
80,282
95,505
99,697
107,962
115,330
106,026
105,137
78,936
6,149
15,322
14,943
20,255
16,220
18,430
9,679
13,911
11,821
33,179
29,805
12,644
14,886
20,280
20,557
32,412
1,197
3.998
6.631
2,489
604
1,842
3,362
6,126
5,632
4,005
24,904
5,700
6.780
5,107
19,485
34,251
14,957
18,619
11,668
7,801
12,681
13,707
15,895
1987
1988
1989
20,152
27,441
85.349
1990
20,369
1991 . ...
17,555
1992
1993
1994
1995
15.028
11,291
12,471
10,095
NOTE: The Refugee Act of 1980 went into effect April 1, 1980. The pending beginning of fiscal year 1990 does not match the pending end of fiscal year 1989 due
to changes in the processing of Soviet refugees residing inside the Soviet Union. The figures beginning fiscal year 1990 exclude the initial questionnaires submitted
by refugee applicants residing in the former Soviet Union. Changes in the number of applications pending from 1991 to 1992 and 1993 to 1994 are due to revisions
in the data from reporting offices.
79
TABLE 23. REFUGEE-STATUS APPLICATIONS BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CHARGEABILITY
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Geographic area
and country of
chargeability
Applications
pending
beginning of year
Applications
filed during
year
Applications
approved
during year
Applications
denied during
year
Applications
otherwise closed
during year
Applications
pending
end of year
All countries
Africa
Angola
Ethiopia
Liberia
Rwanda
Sierra Leone .
Somalia
Sudan
Togo
Uganda
Zaire
Other Africa ..
East Asia
Burma
Laos
Vietnam
Other East Asia .
Eastern Europe and
Soviet Union
Albania
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Poland
Romania
Soviet Union '
Other Eastern Europe
Latin America
Cuba
Haiti
Other Latin America
Near East
Afghanistan
Iran
Iraq
Other Near East
Not reported
12,471
4,171
39
365
21
47
3,136
354
39
134
36
1
129
2
2342
37
1,014
25
329
334
577
26
4,197
41
4,153
3
1,629
65
329
1,228
7
143,223
10,881
1
245
117
190
80
7,695
2,251
45
33
187
37
70,478
24
458
69,987
9
52,958
86
16,491
1
24
19
36,336
1
2,877
2,842
30
5
5,912
13
1,726
4,173
78,936
4,895
1
229
57
116
48
2,454
1,825
33
5
104
23
23,023
13
439
22,563
45,900
54
11,426
1
37
26
34,355
1
1,933
1,914
14
5
3,068
6
32,412
5319
12
53
45
19
5,006
65
12
14
81
12
21,596
11
19
21,565
1
2,668
49
1,082
1,536
504
502
2
2,325
4
424
1,897
34351
1368
32
16
1,116
378
12
14
2364
2
1,356
3
19
984
4,170
3
4,167
59
137
3
10,095
3,270
39
337
28
60
13
2,255
337
41
122
38
4,368
18
3.641
25
313
307
38
26
467
464
1,945
64
683
1.194
4
The Washington Processing Center, which handles the administrative processing of potential applicants residing in the former Soviet Union, received 38,753
pre-applicauon questionnaires in fiscal year 1995. See the Refugee section of the text for further explanation. - Represents zero.
80
TABLE 24. REFUGEE APPROVALS AND ADMISSIONS BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA OF CHARGEABILITY
FISCAL YEARS 1988-95
Geographic area of chargeability
1990'
1991
1992'
1993 '
1994'
1995'
Authorized admissions
Africa
East Asia
Eastern Europe & Soviet Union
Latin America & Caribbean
Near East
Unallocated Reserve
Approvals
Africa
East Asia
Eastern Europe & Soviet Union
Latin America & Caribbean
Near East
Not reported
Admissions '
Africa
East Asia
Eastern Europe & Soviet Union
Latin America & Caribbean
Near East
Unknown
87,500
3,000
38,000
30,000
3,500
9,000
4,000
80,282
1,304
41,450
26,645
2,452
8,431
80382
1,708
35,160
28,906
4,319
9,486
803
104,500
2.000
38,000
50,000
3,500
7,000
4,000
95,505
1,825
35,196
48,620
2,848
7,016
101,072
1,998
36,989
48,416
5,033
7,699
937
110,000
3,500
36,800
58.300
2,400
6,000
4,000
99,697
3,318
30,613
58,951
1,863
4,952
110,197
3,585
37,192
57,081
5,786
5,636
917
116,000
4,900
38,500
53.500
3,100
6,000
10,000
107,962
4,430
33,560
62,582
2,263
5,127
100,229
4,564
37,063
46,726
5,107
5,895
874
123,500
6.000
33,500
64,000
3,000
6,000
11,000
115330
5,667
31,751
68,131
4,121
5,660
123,010
6,152
36,528
65,230
5,372
8,824
904
116,000
7,000
36,000
51,500
3,500
7,000
11.000
106,026
6,813
38,314
52,090
3,991
4,818
113,152
7,098
38,494
50,844
6,153
7,847
2,716
117300
7,000
41,500
55,000
4,000
6,000
4,000
105,137
5,748
40,639
48,963
2,513
7,229
45
114,471
5,928
39,787
51,100
9,011
6,595
2,050
111,000
7,000
39,000
48,000
8,000
5,000
4,000
78,936
4,895
23,023
45,900
1,933
3,068
117
95,576
5,115
33,709
42,152
8,984
4,886
730
1 The authorized admission levels for 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, and 1995 were 116.500, 125,000, 131,000, 142,000, 132,000, 121.000, and 112,000,
respectively, including 12,000 Amerasians in 1989, 15,000 in both 1990 and 1991, 18,500 in 1992, 16,000 in 1993, 3,500 in 1994. and 1.000 in 1995. Since
Amerasians enter the United States on immigrant visas, they are not included as refugee arrivals in the INS' data. As a result, the authorized admission levels for 1989
through 1995 for East Asia have been reduced accordingly.
2 Admissions may be higher than approvals because of the arrival of persons approved in previous years.
NOTE: Beginning in 1987, refugee admission data were compiled through the Nonimmigrant Information System. Since the system collects all entries of persons
with nonimmigrant visas, initial arrivals of refugees may be overstated.
- Represents zero.
81
TABLE 25. REFUGEE ARRIVALS INTO THE UNITED STATES BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEARS 1989-95
Country of
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
citizenship
101,072
110,197
100,229
123,010
113,152
114,471
95,576
Afghanistan
1,991
1,835
1,690
1,841
1,536
222
190
Albania
44
103
1,354
1,195
484
232
102
Bosnia-Herzegovina
1
1
'
1
1
5,991
8,412
110
352
621
152
48
64
32
Cambodia
2,110
2,347
183
233
156
86
67
210
133
192
1,229
269
268
1,541
Cuba
3,742
3,980
3,910
4,001
3,205
2,904
5,118
Czechoslovakia
257
246
175
36
13
6
8
74
1,750
136
3,255
110
3,889
259
2,981
1,006
2,722
524
428
553
404
Ghana
12
17
35
191
11
24
51
Hungary
1,071
295
25
18
10
6
3
5,466
3,603
2,833
2,037
1,302
954
947
115
73
812
3,466
4,561
4,900
3,241
12,779
8,667
9,212
7,964
6,853
5,999
3,323
13
11
38
899
1,034
519
150
1,053
1,239
883
361
346
216
176
Poland
3,792
1,883
573
249
115
104
58
Romania
3,369
4,625
4,803
1,664
382
267
127
Somalia
68
52
305
1,690
2,802
3,508
2,435
22
39,076
6
39
49,385
8
17
39,116
31
10
61,714
134
14
49,559
229
5
44,095
1,253
33,119
Sudan
1,654
Uganda
52
31
115
92
27
12
13
Vietnam
21.865
26,023
27,441
26,921
30,920
33,204
28,653
Yugoslavia '
619
130
35
123
59
129
180
Other
1,406
1,729
1,831
3,550
5,489
8,551
5.019
1 Data for Bosnia-Herzegovina are not available separately from Yugoslavia prior to fiscal year 1994; beginning in 1994, data for Yugoslavia exclude Bosnia-
Herzegovina (see Notice page).
2 Data for People's Republic of China and Taiwan are included in China.
NOTE: Beginning in 1987, refugee admissions data were compiled through the Nonimmigrant Information System. In this system, data are collected for country of
citizenship. Since the system collects all entries of persons with nonimmigrant visas, initial arrivals of refugees may be overstated.
- Represents zero.
S2
TABLE 26. REFUGEES GRANTED LAWFUL PERMANENT RESIDENT STATUS IN FISCAL YEAR 1995
BY CALENDAR YEAR OF ENTRY AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
Region and country
of birth
Before
1988
All countries
Europe
Albania
Latvia
Poland
Romania
Soviet Union
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Afghanistan
Cambodia
China, People's Republic
India
Iran
Iraq
Laos
Syria
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia
Africa
Ethiopia
Liberia
Somalia
Sudan
Other Africa
Oceania ,
North America ,
Caribbean
Cuba
Haiti
Other Caribbean
Central America
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Other Central America .
Other North America
South America
Peru
Other South America
- Represents zero.
106,827
45,299
308
376
193
266
39,368
4,316
472
40,565
327
268
32
2
862
3,749
3,296
8
2,931
28,592
498
6,419
1,606
664
3,003
806
340
14,305
14,162
12,039
2,094
29
112
4
41
67
31
238
37
201
26,679
10,157
46
69
19
23
7,779
2.118
103
11,937
10
17
4
256
1,353
301
1
357
9,462
176
1,437
133
84
708
394
118
1
3,082
3,063
1,875
1,183
5
15
5
10
4
65
11
54
60,702
25,417
148
218
56
71
22,514
2,191
219
23,192
155
46
19
2
352
2,216
1,384
6
1,327
17,437
248
4,571
1,266
526
2,216
369
194
7,436
7383
6,479
891
13
39
16
23
14
86
7
79
13,959
8,422
64
84
26
40
8,123
3
82
2,896
104
38
4
108
167
794
662
985
34
314
136
54
72
33
19
2,273
2,238
2,213
19
6
25
1
6
18
10
54
13
41
2,529
793
44
1
13
57
657
791
16
65
4
250
243
212
883
868
865
1
2
13
1
8
4
2
10
3
7
1,014
215
3
1
15
39
149
558
19
22
23
2
172
134
177
9
27
19
2
1
5
211
206
204
2
5
2
2
1
635
134
1
2
17
23
84
396
3
29
2
22
172
101
95
95
215
4
13
120
1
40
11
41
4
23
579
16
103
2
22
7
139
1
63
202
24
12
11
223
223
223
83
TABLE 27. ASYLUM CASES FILED WITH INS DISTRICT DIRECTORS AND ASYLUM OFFICERS
FISCAL YEARS 1973-95
Year
Cases
received
Cases
completed
Cases
approved
Cases
denied
Cases
adjudicated
Percent
approved
1973-95
1,097,526
1,913
2,716
2,432
42,173
2,733
896
2,529
3,702
5,801
26,512
161,872
61,568
33,296
26,091
24.295
16,622
281,048
18.889
26,107
60,736
101.679
73,637
605372
56,310
103,964
144,166
146,468
154,464
640,870
1,510
2,769
1,664
10,847
1,914
370
1,939
2,312
2,312
2,000
124,142
4,521
11,326
25,447
54,320
28,528
310,071
45,792
44,785
68.357
102,795
48,342
189,867
16,552
21,996
34,228
53,399
63,692
87,079
380
294
562
4,990
590
97
754
1,218
1,227
1,104
25,162
1,175
3,909
7,215
8,278
4,585
24,067
3,359
4,062
5,531
6,942
4,173
31,624
2.108
3,919
5,012
8,131
12,454
231,748
1,130
2,475
1,102
5,857
1,324
273
1,185
1,094
1.085
896
73,928
3,346
7,255
16,811
32,344
14,172
75,621
7,882
3,454
8,582
31,547
24,156
71,635
4,167
6,506
17,979
28,892
14,091
354,459
1,510
2,769
1,664
10,847
1,914
370
1,939
2,312
2,312
2,000
99,090
4,521
11,164
24,026
40,622
18,757
99,688
11,241
7,516
14,113
38,489
28,329
138,891
6,275
10,425
22,991
37,023
62,177
24.6
1973
25.2
1974
10.6
1975
33.8
1976-80
46.0
1976
1976, TQ
1977
30.8
26.2
38.9
1978
52.7
1979
53.1
1980
55.2
1981-85
25.4
1981
26.0
1982
35.0
1983
30.0
1984
20.4
1985
1986-90
24.4
24.1
1986
1987
1988
29.9
54.0
39.2
1989
1990
18.0
14.7
1991-95
22.8
1991
33.6
1992
37.6
1993
21.8
1994
22.0
1995
20.0
NOTE: The Refugee Act of 1980 went into effect April 1. 1980. Data for fiscal years 1982 and 1983 have been estimated due to changes in the reporting
procedures during those two periods. Cases received include cases newly filed and cases reopened. Cases completed include approvals, denials, and cases otherwise
closed. Cases otherwise closed are those in which the applicant withdrew the case from consideration, never acknowledged the request for an interview with the INS.
or died. Cases adjudicated include approvals and denials; for 1995 also include 35,632 cases referred to an immigration judge following an interview. Percent
approved equals cases approved divided by cases adjudicated. Since April 1. 1991, authority to decide most asylum claims has resided with the INS Asylum Officer
Corps. See Glossary for fiscal year definitions.
H4
TABLE 28. NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS GRANTED ASYLUM BY INS DISTRICT DIRECTORS
AND ASYLUM OFFICERS BY SELECTED NATIONALITY
FISCAL YEARS 1989-95
Nationality
All nationalities
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Bulgaria
China, People's Republic
Cuba
El Salvador
Ethiopia
Guatemala
Haiti
Hungary
India
Iran
Iraq
Laos
Lebanon
Liberia
Libya
Nicaragua
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Poland
Romania
Somalia
Soviet Union, former ' ....
Armenia
Russia
Ukraine
Other republics
Unknown republic
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Syria
Yugoslavia2
Other
9,229
23
2
17
150
107
443
517
102
II
33
4
723
17
7
76
20
39
5,092
23
318
24
329
650
128
127
X
X
X
X
X
28
4
211
5,672
24
1
26
679
229
260
382
65
3
20
256
21
38
86
10
23
2,277
11
251
27
39
204
204
264
X
X
X
X
X
63
14
177
2,908
46
1
22
348
124
185
405
49
1
5
13
232
26
36
67
53
6
703
11
3
20
6
50
117
142
X
X
X
X
X
4
31
9
3
190
3,959
90
2
44
277
214
110
347
94
120
1
78
231
70
56
81
209
14
341
83
3
113
2
156
122
442
2
51
7
1
381
44
73
16
72
454
7,464
70
33
15
75
336
319
74
352
172
636
2
357
347
101
79
65
247
22
291
176
6
241
58
258
121
923
28
233
54
20
588
16
133
638
506
795
11,764
159
87
164
40
414
494
187
672
373
1,060
13
584
638
214
85
91
305
20
520
219
1
470
3
184
150
1,175
75
565
191
102
242
62
248
1,032
742
1,358
17,493
335
349
289
59
535
524
237
1,108
1,065
749
27
1,108
785
204
33
91
615
20
484
512
2
10
181
286
1,556
409
578
218
283
68
69
397
680
1,125
3,370
1 The 3,959 individuals known to have been granted asylum were in the 2,740 cases in the data system. An additional 1,179 cases were granted asylum, but the
number of individuals covered and their nationalities are unknown. 2 Data for Bosnia-Herzegovina are not available separately from Yugoslavia prior to fiscal year
1993; beginning in 1993, data for Yugoslavia exclude Bosnia-Herzegovina (see Notice page). 5 Beginning in 1992, some claims filed by persons from the former
Soviet Union were recoded under the new Soviet republics.
- Represents zero. X Not applicable.
85
TABLE 29. ASYLUM CASES FILED WITH INS ASYLUM OFFICERS BY SELECTED NATIONALITY
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Cases pending
Cases filed
Cases
Cases
Percent
approved 2
Individuals
Nationality
beginning
during
reopened
granted
granted asylum
of year '
year
during year
during year
during year
All nationalities
422,105
149,065
5399
12,454
20
17,493
Afghanistan
792
145
17
175
62
335
Albania
685
356
22
110
35
147
Bangladesh
7,837
1,778
80
232
18
349
Bosnia-Herzegovina ...
283
159
2
206
87
289
Brazil
1,703
366
11
9
4
16
Bulgaria
1,713
196
30
38
10
59
Burma
520
163
8
177
70
215
Cameroon
502
153
11
142
56
160
China, People's Rep. ..
26,967
4,822
165
393
12
535
1,031
474
18
42
11
49
Colombia
2,829
740
28
57
14
104
Croatia
503
83
3
42
41
59
Cuba
6,508
1,180
80
408
63
524
Czechoslovakia
563
131
8
4
5
6
Ecuador
2,982
1,709
48
11
2
15
Egypt
1,297
229
26
105
36
196
72,323
75,138
722
200
3
237
Ethiopia
3,164
835
87
936
59
1,108
Fiji
957
88
12
24
16
51
Gambia
1,006
598
19
53
15
62
Ghana
3,297
685
50
63
10
67
Guatemala
126,679
22,006
1,196
847
7
1,065
Guyana
1.180
296
14
5
6
14
Haiti
20,436
2,396
175
641
29
749
Honduras
7,258
2,926
237
153
6
194
India
9,922
3.135
216
946
35
1,108
Iran
2,233
498
36
506
60
785
Iraq
500
117
8
114
60
204
Israel
763
64
10
10
15
17
Jamaica
1,209
446
19
2
1
2
Jordan
961
92
11
25
14
55
Laos
1,698
72
17
24
13
33
Lebanon
1,767
141
15
61
23
91
Liberia
4,767
694
51
435
46
615
Mali
1,070
250
7
14
8
14
Mexico
7,031
9.148
555
52
1
83
Nicaragua
24,533
1,712
196
286
15
484
Pakistan
8,545
2,318
168
331
20
512
Peru
5,666
1,297
108
365
22
688
Philippines
7,645
832
139
41
3
54
Poland
3,353
318
30
7
2
10
Romania
4,770
467
66
136
16
181
Senegal
909
439
17
23
8
24
809
524
72
186
18
19
43
253
17
86
71
Somalia
286
Soviet Union, former !
14.832
2,211
226
1,073
34
1,556
Armenia
1,714
525
72
253
25
409
Russia
5.349
775
73
405
37
578
Ukraine
2.020
541
35
174
29
218
Other republics
790
359
20
213
48
283
Unknown republic ...
4,959
11
26
28
76
68
563
627
1,063
1,131
106
239
197
464
10
11
21
24
43
288
296
2
31
81
69
2
69
397
680
Trinidad & Tobago
2
Turkey
818
162
13
26
34
31
Yemen
761
111
9
29
26
40
5,318
725
43
686
59
1,066
1,294
110
8
49
44
84
Other
14,008
4,790
259
1,215
32
1,646
See footnotes at end of table.
S6
TABLE 29. ASYLUM CASES FILED WITH INS ASYLUM OFFICERS BY SELECTED NATIONALITY
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Nationality
All nationalities
Afghanistan
Albania
Bangladesh
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Brazil
Bulgaria
Burma
Cameroon
China, People's Rep.
Cote d'lvoire
Colombia
Croatia
Cuba
Czechoslovakia
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Ethiopia
Fiji
Gambia
Ghana
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
India
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Jamaica
Jordan
Laos
Lebanon
Liberia
Mali
Mexico
Nicaragua
Pakistan
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Romania
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Somalia
Soviet Union, former
Armenia
Russia
Ukraine
Other republics
Unknown republic
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Syria
Trinidad & Tobago ...
Turkey
Yemen
Yugoslavia4
Stateless
Other
Cases
denied
during year
14,091
38
43
180
7
44
186
28
38
290
63
99
19
83
24
40
55
1,719
287
81
20
115
2,356
16
804
661
543
120
32
22
19
69
86
81
164
21
1,009
746
268
416
475
284
383
29
110
18
826
313
307
126
76
4
31
19
48
29
9
27
165
19
727
Individuals
denied asylum
during year
17^56
65
53
258
9
73
253
30
47
358
69
165
20
102
35
56
80
1,786
343
150
21
121
2.491
21
889
703
622
181
43
39
22
101
115
105
198
21
1,287
1,158
392
634
617
329
495
29
132
18
1,122
425
410
158
103
26
40
24
70
50
12
31
220
29
1,022
Cases
otherwise closed
during year
37,147
24
50
677
15
103
161
36
40
1,889
117
325
29
1.338
84
694
122
3,513
156
38
173
301
8,221
191
783
1,732
1,311
157
30
90
197
70
127
178
53
4,677
990
1.186
720
1,156
444
393
126
83
35
1,480
391
532
192
74
291
56
42
131
246
118
55
252
68
1.796
Cases to
immigration judge,
not interviewed
8,718
4
20
64
6
36
7
10
4
405
36
99
6
80
8
413
16
469
10
2
53
73
2,893
26
168
320
166
9
4
5
36
3
1
11
24
22
2,086
86
128
115
60
44
8
43
5
90
32
29
17
12
Cases to
immigration judge,
interviewed
35,632
70
163
869
23
150
146
47
74
2,581
264
240
42
157
46
435
129
3,897
354
45
273
449
8,765
67
754
1,803
1,180
212
44
36
123
79
75
126
341
141
3,228
843
1,050
882
734
97
356
219
99
22
1,268
439
373
300
151
5
65
48
87
100
42
56
321
The total number of cases pending at the beginning of fiscal year 1995 is lower than the 424,458 reported at the end of fiscal year 1994 because of corrections to
the data base. ' The number of cases granted divided by the sum of: cases granted; denied; and referred to an immigration judge following an interview. See
Asylum section of text. ' Some pending cases filed by persons from the former Soviet Union were recoded under the new Soviet republics. ' Data for Yugoslavia
exclude Bosnia-Herzegovina and CroaUa (see Nouce page). - Represents zero.
87
TABLE 30. ASYLUM CASES FILED WITH INS ASYLUM OFFICERS BY
ASYLUM OFFICE AND STATE OF RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Asylum office and
slate
of residence
Cases pending
beginning
of year '
Cases filed
during
year
Cases
reopened
during year
Cases
granted
during year
Percent
approved :
Total
Asylum office:
Arlington
Chicago
Houston
Los Angeles
Miami
Newark
New York
San Francisco
State:
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Guam
Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands
422,105
29,726
13,008
7,050
145,070
66,657
74,673
57,806
28,115
504
400
1,121
444
161,177
967
2,295
1,582
3.560
66,037
4,022
251
161
3,272
392
633
623
380
256
112
8,280
8,486
3,943
1,115
82
365
19
1,610
2,301
111
17,772
89
96,214
3,003
5
1,346
215
2,979
3,644
2,644
291
77
460
5.101
342
53
10,917
1,634
35
223
22
81
194
263
149,065
14,107
3,359
4,056
57,797
13,515
20,866
26,085
9,280
169
79
484
489
64,400
323
592
457
1,998
12,977
2,112
26
38
989
114
223
317
95
75
49
3,448
4,418
561
429
19
109
5
454
744
33
6,826
25
33,350
1,066
1
260
61
426
633
446
145
15
247
2,802
130
9
5,416
752
4
76
3
11
42
93
5399
556
200
172
2,260
525
553
591
542
9
10
31
15
2,604
16
7
21
74
503
52
1
2
78
7
9
6
8
14
1
130
48
28
18
1
12
19
36
1
153
2
21
7
35
28
8
4
1
11
105
10
240
47
1
7
4
10
3
12,454
2,071
848
476
2,767
1,259
1,281
1,625
2,127
5
12
69
9
4,347
65
49
5
288
1,261
100
7
6
338
49
15
23
8
41
5
691
133
163
105
5
33
3
27
50
4
290
10
2,289
128
65
22
160
140
17
18
6
47
262
35
792
188
4
41
2
14
6
2
7
11
31
4
16
21
15
3
41
22
14
16
27
23
36
22
30
23
31
18
37
16
25
45
22
34
50
16
13
27
10
30
20
17
NA
27
39
38
27
14
17
40
32
27
30
34
39
33
37
67
48
25
5
See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 30. ASYLUM CASES FILED WITH EMS ASYLUM OFFICERS BY
ASYLUM OFFICE AND STATE OF RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Asylum office and
Cases
Individuals
Cases
Cases to
Cases to
Cases
state
denied
denied asylum
otherwise closed
immigration judge.
immigration judge.
pending
of residence
during year
during year
during year
not interviewed
interviewed
end of year
14,091
17356
37,147
8,718
35,632
464,121
Asylum office:
Arlington
1,549
1,931
3,539
526
3,021
33,229
Chicago
1,326
1,777
912
112
997
12,221
Houston
483
616
360
10
963
8.854
Los Angeles
5,905
7,053
15,260
3,465
13,536
162,335
Miami
1,745
2,209
5,686
1,556
2,786
67,298
Newark
1,020
1,230
4,819
1.566
7,413
79,541
98
131
5,397
1,352
4,712
70,729
1,965
2,409
1,174
131
2,204
29,914
State:
Alabama
8
12
30
13
59
560
Alaska
45
47
46
55
323
Arizona
58
80
73
24
94
1,297
11
14
40
1
183
690
California
7,348
8,804
15,513
3,517
14,827
180,506
Colorado
56
69
68
4
196
906
Connecticut
12
22
131
68
260
2,367
Delaware
3
3
89
92
167
1,687
District of Columbia ...
202
234
316
26
216
4,528
Florida
1,709
2,169
5,177
1,532
2,744
66,745
Georgia
48
66
449
167
559
4,821
Hawaii
22
41
4
15
229
Idaho
4
4
9
1
12
167
844
1,077
379
28
319
2,375
Indiana
50
60
20
1
36
351
Iowa
24
27
27
4
30
757
18
16
24
27
54
8
4
2
35
11
806
433
49
1
579
65
1
719
23
5
750
1
65
44
22
602
177
128
Maryland
9,061
33
167
46
240
135
383
104
41
667
314
11,845
3,439
51
82
18
55
13
9
77
7
1,253
65
35
52
22
3
3
29
3
353
15
46
47
1
47
68
1
63
176
2
12
16
5
95
302
10
1,829
2,459
122
329
1,588
589
2,349
19,558
10
13
6
13
75
817
17
93
951
25
142
8,104
839
94
1,995
127
9
8,195
599
80
108,234
2,361
6
Ohio
1,268
Oklahoma
11
21
14
1
23
207
Oregon
95
110
201
12
169
2,775
Pennsylvania
57
74
146
46
331
3,562
4
3
4
3
22
79
20
13
103
86
2,927
238
6
16
8
30
2
44
1
2
3
86
74
517
Texas
322
407
253
7
394
6,690
Utah
29
38
25
3
1
53
9
331
Vermont
50
Virginia
668
839
1,211
132
888
12,693
Washington
113
140
106
11
184
1,791
6
8
3
2
24
Wisconsin
38
58
31
4
33
154
Wyoming
1
22
Guam
4
4
9
11
54
9
12
108
2
9
102
Virgin Islands
18
21
196
6
21
114
1 The total number of applications pending at the beginning of fiscal year 1995 is lower than the 424,458 reported at the end of fiscal year 1994 because of
corrections to the data base. ! The number of cases granted divided by the sum of: cases granted; denied; and referred to an immigrauon judge following an
interview. See Asylum section of text. - Represents zero. N A Not available.
89
TABLE 31. REFUGEES AND ASYLEES GRANTED LAWFUL PERMANENT
RESIDENT STATUS BY ENACTMENT
FISCAL YEARS 1946-95
Enactment
Total
1946-50
1951-60
1961-70
1971-80
Total
Presidential Directive of 12/22/45
Displaced Persons Act of 6/25/48
Orphan Act of 7/29/53
Refugee Relief Act of 8/7/53
Refugee-Escapee Act of 9/11/57
Hungarian Refugee Act of 7/25/58
Azores & Netherlands Refugee Act of
7/25/58
Refugee Relatives Act of 9/22/59
Fair Share Refugee Act of 7/14/60
Refugee Conditional Entrants Act of 10/3/65
Cuban Refugee Act of 1 1/2/66
Indochinese Refugee Act of 10/28/77
Refugee Parolee Act of 10/5/78
Refugee Act of 1980, 3/17/80
Refugees
Asylees
3,091,185
40,324
409,696
466
189,025
29,462
30,752
22,213
1,820
19,800
142,103
529,686
175,157
139,275
1361,406
1,258,805
102,601
213347
40,324
173,023
X
X
X
492371
X
236,669
466
188,993
24,263
30,491
10,057
1,432
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
212,843
X
4
X
28
5,199
258
12,156
388
19,714
39,149
135,947
X
X
X
X
X
539,447
X
X
X
2
X
X
X
82
102,625
252,119
137,309
46,058
1350
X
1,250
1,013,620
X
X
X
2
X
X
X
3
329
105,898
37,752
92,971
776,664
734,259
42,405
619357
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1
X
35,722
96
246
583,492
524,546
58,946
NOTE: See Glossary for fiscal year definitions,
immigrant status.
X Not applicable.
Data for fiscal years 1987-88 have been adjusted. The data no longer include Cuban/Haitian entrants granted
90
TABLE 32. REFUGEES AND ASYLEES GRANTED LAWFUL PERMANENT RESIDENT STATUS
BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEARS 1946-95
Region and country
of birth
Total'
1946-50
AU countries
Europe
Albania
Austria
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Estonia
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union, former
Russia
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Other republics
Unknown republic ..
Spain
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Afghanistan
Cambodia
China1
Hong Kong
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Korea
Laos
Syria
Thailand ...
Turkey
Vietnam ....
Other Asia
Africa
Egypt
Ethiopia
Other Africa
Oceania
North America
Cuba
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Other North America
South America
Chile
Colombia
Peru
Venezuela
Other South America
Unknown or not reported
3,091,185
1,211,572
6,997
17,445
6,930
37,903
11,837
101,687
31,473
76,361
63,598
40,115
28,220
17,638
209,847
5,076
74,697
370,448
27,500
51,280
8,944
32,147
250,577
10,685
89,942
10,673
1,221,247
32,185
127,681
43,573
9,076
17,923
65,236
22,699
4,544
4,627
196,200
4,742
48,911
7,026
614,588
22,236
61,174
8,828
35,223
17,123
292
591,209
550,275
4,790
26,117
10,027
5,552
1,049
235
570
321
2,669
139
213347
211,983
29
4,801
139
8,449
7,143
36,633
124
6,086
642
21,422
18,694
129
78,529
12
4,180
14,072
X
X
X
X
14,072
1
9,816
1,082
1,106
118
3
4
603
59
20
8
12
7
163
3
1
159
492^71
456,146
1,409
11,487
1,138
10,719
4,103
62,860
28,568
55,740
60,657
16,783
8,569
14,336
81,323
3,650
12.057
30,059
X
X
X
X
30,059
246
44,755
7,687
33,422
1
12,008
1,076
8,253
192
130
3,803
3,116
119
15
1,427
2
3,280
1,768
1,354
61
353
75
831
6
1
824
74
5
X
X
X
69
55
212,843
55^35
1,952
233
1,799
5,709
16
665
586
4,044
1.198
49
72
3,134
3,197
1,361
7,158
871
X
X
X
X
871
4,114
18,299
778
19,895
5,308
2,128
7,658
58
119
554
1,316
383
13
1,489
7
862
5,486
5,396
2
88
21
132,068
131,557
1
3
507
123
4
X
X
X
119
15
539,447
71,858
395
185
1,238
3,646
2
143
478
4.358
346
16
23
8
5,882
21
6,812
31,309
X
X
X
X
31,309
5,317
11,297
382
210,683
542
7,739
13,760
3,468
222
364
6,851
56
65
21,690
1,336
1,241
1,193
150,266
1,890
2,991
1.473
1,307
211
37
252,633
251,514
45
36
1,038
1,244
420
X
X
X
824
1
1,013,620
155312
353
424
1,197
8,204
25
851
1,408
4,942
394
48
37
14
33,889
21
29,798
72,306
X
X
X
X
72,306
736
324
541
712,092
22,946
1 14,064
7,928
1,916
1,385
46,773
7,540
110
120
142,964
2,145
30,259
1,896
324,453
7,593
22,149
426
18,542
3,181
22
121,840
113,367
1,383
5,590
1,500
1,976
531
X
X
X
1,445
29
127343
53,195
1,198
54
303
119
125
82
39
80
32
493
228
7
731
4
3,654
45,900
8,965
16,977
2,475
11,357
6,126
37
77
32
51,783
2,233
808
1,154
90
16
3,875
1,856
3
1
6,547
115
3,724
79
30,249
1,033
5,944
35
3,725
2,184
34
15,926
11,603
811
2,892
620
461
17
63
176
135
70
121,434
54,978
733
25
138
41
176
84
65
37
11
568
214
3
334
2
1,199
50.756
10,359
19,366
3,211
12,101
5,719
55
506
31
45,768
1,665
557
774
82
41
2,186
4,400
4
3
4,482
34
3,076
156
27,318
990
6,078
37
2,730
3.311
23
14,204
11,998
275
966
965
383
8
70
153
91
61
' Includes data for fiscal years 1991 and 1992. not shown separately. 2 Includes People's Republic of China and Taiwan.
NOTE: See Glossary for fiscal year definitions. Data for fiscal years 1987-88 have been adjusted. The data no longer include Cuban/Haitian entrants granted
immigrant status. - Represents zero. X Not applicable.
91
TABLE 33. REFUGEES AND ASYLEES GRANTED LAWFUL PERMANENT RESD3ENT STATUS BY AGE AND SEX
FISCAL YEARS 1988-95
Age and sex
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
Total
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over ...
Unknown age
Male ,
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over ...
Unknown age
Female
Under 5 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over ...
Unknown age
Unknown sex
Percent distribution .
Male
Female
Unknown
Median age
Male
Female
81,719
3,914
7,913
7,686
9,841
9,673
9,228
8,796
6,979
5,004
3,587
2,644
2,001
1,509
1,252
788
501
391
12
45,148
2,038
4,170
4,162
5,748
5,619
5,114
4,941
3,940
2,798
2,035
1,476
1,083
764
578
325
201
150
6
36371
1.876
3,743
3,524
4,093
4,054
4,114
3,855
3,039
2,206
1,552
1,168
918
745
674
463
300
241
6
100.0
55.2
44.8
26.0
25.8
26.2
84,288
4,712
8,933
8,425
9,426
9,279
9,333
8,675
7,381
5,155
3,397
2,719
1,955
1,705
1,485
755
529
395
29
45348
2,424
4,700
4,496
5,432
5,168
5,108
4,575
3,981
2,820
1,957
1,462
1,035
795
658
344
211
164
18
38,922
2,284
4,232
3,928
3,991
4,109
4,225
4,099
3,398
2,334
1,440
1,257
919
910
827
411
316
231
11
18
100.0
53.8
46.2
25.7
25.4
26.1
97364
5,315
9,662
8,839
10,237
10,067
10,831
10,250
8,764
6,527
4,032
3,360
2,611
2,309
2,090
1,144
734
569
23
51,843
2,794
5,057
4,718
5,835
5,748
5,884
5,281
4.629
3,507
2,213
1,787
1,382
1,043
929
492
304
232
8
45,475
2,514
4,599
4,118
4.398
4,313
4,945
4,962
4,132
3,019
1,816
1,571
1,228
1,265
1.161
652
430
337
15
46
100.0
53.2
46.7
Z
27.1
26.5
27.8
139,079
6,721
13,578
12,494
13,270
12,859
14,522
15,044
13,275
10,790
5,871
5,148
3,689
3,780
3,782
2,023
1,266
938
29
72,189
3,549
6,972
6,595
7,417
6,841
7,690
7,870
6,971
5,714
3,249
2,711
1,814
1,594
1,545
828
478
338
13
66,825
3,169
6,597
5,891
5,843
6,011
6,827
7,170
6,303
5,066
2,619
2,437
1,874
2,186
2,235
1,193
788
600
16
65
100.0
51.9
48.0
Z
28.7
28.1
29.4
117,037
5,760
11,304
9,250
12,224
13,280
11,895
10,738
9,170
8,078
6,130
5,207
4,008
3,481
3,002
1,655
991
819
45
60,583
3,062
5,766
4,913
6,724
7.131
6,381
5,487
4,640
4,079
3,293
2,726
2,037
1,630
1,295
702
395
297
25
56,415
2,698
5,534
4,336
5,496
6,145
5,506
5,244
4,528
3,998
2,834
2,479
1,970
1,849
1,707
953
596
522
20
39
100.0
51.8
48.2
27.8
27.1
28.6
127,343
5,563
11,496
9,971
11,654
13,869
12,094
10.703
9,151
9,068
7,949
6,294
5.491
4,747
4,281
2,443
1,305
1,223
41
64,885
2,836
5,910
5,122
6,170
7,337
6,518
5,481
4,544
4,280
4,248
3.383
2,699
2,344
1,924
1,072
535
457
25
62,448
2,727
5,584
4,847
5,483
6,531
5,576
5.222
4,606
4,787
3,699
2,911
2,792
2,403
2,357
1,371
770
766
16
10
100.0
51.0
49.0
29.6
28.8
30.5
121,434
5,181
10,198
9,451
9,596
13,115
11,148
9,978
8,420
8,031
7,827
5,969
6,064
5,053
4,945
3,143
1,649
1,641
25
61,790
2,660
5,259
4,841
5.067
6,987
6,290
5,415
4,176
3,748
4,019
3,168
2,860
2,421
2,306
1.321
644
592
16
59,633
2,519
4,937
4,608
4,527
6,128
4,857
4,563
4,243
4,282
3,808
2,801
3,204
2,632
2,639
1,822
1,005
1,049
9
II
100.0
50.9
49.1
31.0
29.8
32.4
NOTE: Data for fiscal years 1987-88 have been adjusted. The data no longer include Cuban/Haitian entrants granted immigrant status
go - Represents zero Z Rounds to less than 0 05 percent.
TABLE 34. REFUGEES AND ASYLEES GRANTED LAWFUL PERMANENT RESIDENT STATUS
BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEARS 1986-95
Region and country of birth
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
19' 1
1992
1993
1994
1995
104383
91,840
81,719
84,288
97364
139,079
117,037
127343
121,434
114,664
11,868
9,684
11,418
18348
33,111
62,946
42,721
53,195
54,978
46,998
Albania
43
44
66
55
64
75
539
1,198
733
314
Bosnia-Herzegovina
1
1
1
'
1
1
1
1
337
3,818
134
117
129
126
178
311
562
303
138
105
1
1
9
8
6
34
315
493
568
387
Lithuania
1
1
8
5
11
75
157
228
214
151
Poland
3,949
3,357
4,242
3,842
3,903
4,205
1,512
731
334
245
4,308
2,959
3,028
3,338
3,186
4,276
4,971
3,654
1,199
592
1,654
1,242
1,642
9,264
23,186
51,551
33,504
45,900
50,756
40,120
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
8,965
10,359
8,176
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
16,977
19,366
14,937
Uzbekistan
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
2,475
3,211
3,258
Other republics
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
11,357
12,101
8,689
Unknown republic
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
6,126
5,719
5,060
32
34
26
23
23
66
58
77
169
926
1,746
1,929
2,268
1,687
2,554
2,353
1,103
611
530
340
58,685
52,600
56,006
56,751
51,867
49,762
53,422
51,783
45,768
43314
2,600
2,141
2,597
2,606
2,144
2.100
2,082
2,233
1,665
616
Burma
2
1
3
2
16
19
78
114
136
13,300
12.206
9,255
5.648
4,719
2,550
1,695
808
557
268
China, People's Republic
618
540
588
500
330
620
884
1,153
774
803
India
35
22
35
27
14
47
34
103
133
323
Iran
6,022
5,559
6,895
8,167
8,649
8,515
3,093
3,875
2,186
1,245
Iraq
367
310
268
191
141
193
365
1,856
4,400
3,848
Laos
7,556
6,560
10,348
12,033
9,824
9,127
8.026
6,547
4,482
3,364
Pakistan
68
65
101
142
157
166
129
185
181
197
1
23
6
34
4
67
13
273
15
393
33
252
19
96
24
115
75
34
126
Syria
258
Thailand
3,240
3,751
3,587
4,347
4,077
3,603
4,048
3,724
3,076
2,932
Vietnam
23,930
20,617
21.407
21,883
20,537
21,543
32.155
30,249
27,318
28.595
923
2,547
789
1,719
853
2,121
918
2,269
865
2312
997
4,731
111
4,480
833
5,944
773
6,078
603
7,527
Ethiopia
2,102
1,425
1,723
1,784
1,682
3,582
3,268
3,725
2,730
2,006
Kenya
4
4
18
17
31
32
42
42
98
165
2
7
6
7
26
42
25
239
851
855
Somalia
14
15
20
33
38
282
330
885
1,572
3,095
Sudan
121
83
80
97
60
184
369
443
402
935
Zaire
56
23
23
20
14
57
72
109
113
130
248
1
162
3
251
1
311
1
361
552
1
374
9
501
34
312
23
341
63
31,086
30356
27,677
26,850
11,912
10,907
6,740
5,272
9,910
7,700
21317
8,005
15,962
9,969
15,926
11,700
14,204
12,672
16,265
14,888
Cuba
30,333
26,817
10.846
5,245
7,668
7,953
9,919
11,603
11,998
12.355
Haiti
7
11
39
11
31
16
68
664
2.502
16
682
289
18
22
785
172
13
22
964
170
37
16
1,416
198
33
32
2,143
245
58
21
13,221
1,249
296
34
5,959
743
169
29
4,188
811
210
10
1,507
275
131
31
1335
283
Guatemala
158
Honduras
37
36
71
58
66
133
105
165
81
119
Nicaragua
324
555
645
1,075
1.694
11,233
4,668
2,892
966
727
Other Central America
14
9
41
52
80
310
274
110
54
48
48
195
49
42
155
46
41
260
66
52
175
38
67
264
63
91
320
46
34
442
74
38
461
63
25
383
70
42
497
Colombia
102
Peru
30
25
59
29
35
73
74
176
153
241
116
84
135
108
166
201
294
1
222
160
154
Born on board ship
-
Unknown or not reported
1
2
1
4
2
"
' Data for Bosnia-Herzegovina are not available separately from Yugoslavia prior to fiscal year 1994; beginning in 1994. data for Yugoslavia exclude Bosnia-
Herzegovina (see Notice page) NOTE: Data for fiscal years 1987-88 have been adjusted. The data no longer include Cuban/Haitian entrants granted immigrant
status. - Represents zero. X Not applicable.
93
TABLE 35. REFUGEES AND ASYLEES GRANTED LAWFUL PERMANENT RESD3ENT STATUS BY SELECTED
COUNTRY OF BIRTH AND SELECTED METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA OF RESD3ENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Metropolitan statistical area '
All
countries
Afghan-
istan
China,
People's
Republic
Ethiopia
Iraq
Total
New York, NY
Miami, FL
Orange County, CA
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA
Chicago, IL
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA
Washington, DC-MD-VA
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI
San Diego, CA
Boston-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA
San Francisco, CA
San Jose, CA
Philadelphia, PA-NJ
Atlanta, GA
Detroit, MI
Sacramento, CA
Houston, TX
Oakland, CA
Dallas, TX
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA
Denver, CO
Baltimore, MD
St. Louis, MO-IL
Fresno, CA
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL ....
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Rochester, NY
Nashville, TN
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI
Stockton-Lodi, CA
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA
Newark, NJ
Hartford, CT
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ
Springfield, MA
Jacksonville, FL
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL
Jersey City, NJ
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC ....
Des Moines, IA
Tacoma, WA
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI
Kansas City. MO-KS
Las Vegas, NV
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT
Columbus, OH
Louisville, KY-IN
Lincoln, NE
Other MSA
Non-MSA
Unknown
114,664
17,483
11,058
5,702
5,226
4,920
3,363
3,342
3,329
3,126
2,827
2,825
2,683
2,531
2,520
2,143
1,575
1,533
1,442
1.333
1,118
1,106
1,017
1,015
969
918
904
716
688
663
658
640
610
566
550
520
500
498
450
436
434
432
431
413
405
399
388
379
375
344
338
14,456
2,366
616
159
34
29
1
102
5
21
5
11
2
12
2
3
119
1
3
803
444
6
7
68
10
4
21
4
1
14
12355
106
9,727
27
157
45
6
43
7
10
38
39
8
18
15
3
7
14
7
17
1
9
3
328
1
197
60
2
2
3
96
3
7
22
163
273
8
1
1
3
19
498
165
2,006
10
4
4
51
41
265
362
110
107
24
21
51
34
119
5
50
60
42
23
6
11
3
4
50
2
112
203
16
2,502
98
321
4
10
20
60
15
30
182
109
13
3
70
3
250
5
91
5
3
46
39
2
26
114
116
69
1,245
105
3
46
610
32
7
56
8
15
4
12
52
11
2
6
19
22
18
4
2
9
2
2
5
2
3,848
25
41
50
450
117
80
18
559
40
33
11
7
48
1,099
2
15
103
5
3
2
71
1
18
22
18
151
13
10
31
6
22
85
28
1
1
10
2
4
29
1
14
5
31
32
136
491
18
51
See footnotes at end of table
94
TABLE 35. REFUGEES AND ASYLEES GRANTED LAWFUL PERMANENT RESIDENT STATUS BY SELECTED
COUNTRY OF BIRTH AND SELECTED METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA OF RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Metropolitan statistical area '
Nicaragua
Soviet
Union
Yugoslavia
Total
New York, NY
Miami, FL
Orange County, CA
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA
Chicago, IL
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA
Washington, DC-MD-VA
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI
San Diego, CA
Boston-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA
San Francisco, CA
San Jose, CA
Philadelphia, PA-NJ
Atlanta, GA
Detroit, MI
Sacramento, CA
Houston, TX
Oakland, CA
Dallas, TX
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA
Denver, CO
Baltimore, MD
St. Louis, MO-IL
Fresno, CA
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL ....
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Rochester, NY
Nashville, TN
Fort Worth-Arlington. TX
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI
Stockton-Lodi, CA
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA
Newark, NJ
Hartford, CT
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ
Springfield, MA
Jacksonville, FL
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL
Jersey City, NJ
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC ....
Des Moines, IA
Tacoma, WA
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI
Kansas City, MO-KS
Las Vegas, NV
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT
Columbus, OH
Louisville, KY-IN
Lincoln, NE
Other MSA
Non-MSA
Unknown
115
2
4
26
2
135
86
6
17
2
2
91
7
10
1
45
14
26
2
27
151
13
7
328
9
81
3
1
49
7
1
62
15
2
3
8
20
1
3,095
21
21
10
25
302
375
410
556
155
72
31
258
3
1
26
14
20
20
29
4
36
18
4
145
23
51
14
1
26
4
II
1
13
245
108
40,120
15,101
169
116
2,202
2,762
1,156
332
576
342
1,241
2,049
391
1,592
464
457
830
79
244
191
407
532
857
200
56
54
770
82
338
23
21
293
2
44
299
295
27
373
154
56
29
43
24
100
37
106
16
69
155
137
40
3,783
403
1
248
30
2,932
4
17
22
9
45
2
633
42
24
6
2
12
I
62
169
2
25
6
2
9
I
373
6
5
121
214
10
874
214
28,595
182
3
5,242
1,512
302
1,121
1,305
468
1,094
791
235
1,830
469
1,254
47
266
1,041
655
735
539
346
71
215
23
322
20
53
122
122
498
15
139
409
21
80
204
68
49
36
151
287
244
128
27
193
36
117
246
4,744
286
2
7
73
715
49
40
73
81
131
104
68
67
184
258
18
54
5
19
7
359
3
68
34
24
77
20
48
34
9
3
20
25
78
9
39
27
3
40
177
19
62
29
2
946
173
Ranked by the number of refugees and asylees. See Glossary for definition of metropolitan statistical area.
■ Represent zero.
95
TABLE 36. REFUGEES AND ASYLEES GRANTED LAWFUL PERMANENT RESIDENT STATUS
BY STATE OF RESDDENCE
FISCAL YEARS 1986-95
State of residence
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
Total
104383
91,840
81,719
84,2X8
97364
139,079
117,037
127343
121,434
114,664
Alabama
308
236
230
182
127
136
94
118
106
67
Alaska
53
44
33
41
27
72
56
62
47
20
Arizona
764
633
593
655
682
890
608
973
708
628
Arkansas
268
150
194
190
76
122
99
150
111
91
California
32,680
23.907
27,423
36,136
38,507
45,594
38,261
39,516
29,284
26,104
Colorado
861
831
591
705
578
1,342
1,114
1,106
1,186
1,296
Connecticut
974
1.011
933
788
1,162
1.767
1.111
1.116
904
956
Delaware
9
22
39
28
48
107
39
47
51
37
178
21,886
139
25,003
169
11,257
225
5,750
295
9,145
508
15.064
408
14.035
355
14.344
413
14,108
445
Florida
14,527
1,413
1,475
1,047
787
989
1,777
1,467
1,765
2,287
2,672
Hawaii
377
166
449
320
255
261
245
241
239
240
Idaho
188
131
159
125
114
139
169
146
217
190
Illinois
2,769
2,829
2,366
3,231
3,419
5,679
4,411
3,906
4,122
5,060
Indiana
272
209
229
113
130
433
248
457
463
424
Iowa
148
495
534
331
467
544
445
654
467
733
Kansas
514
221
530
991
291
508
691
623
655
473
Kentucky
100
263
210
129
66
84
348
286
267
430
Louisiana
1,008
837
928
706
470
898
938
660
614
376
Maine
335
242
119
137
165
281
141
131
127
135
Maryland
1,123
1,044
1,062
1,062
1,242
2,148
2,275
1,497
2,774
2,244
Massachusetts
3,016
3,415
4,169
3,758
4,724
5,289
3,461
4,303
3,824
3,639
Michigan
1,165
1,124
1,071
1,164
1,221
2,384
1,916
2,596
2,594
2,979
Minnesota
2,119
2,598
1,594
2,251
2,656
3,027
2,338
2,678
2,989
3,635
Mississippi
177
174
191
121
124
80
120
66
75
38
Missouri
647
571
684
510
534
908
692
1,029
1,338
1,303
Montana
24
20
43
23
9
131
61
61
42
15
Nebraska
151
115
137
104
175
221
143
663
490
574
Nevada
461
251
243
248
358
464
377
400
297
411
New Hampshire
84
153
113
120
139
189
227
155
144
185
New Jersey
5,489
1,076
1,632
2,335
1,339
3,141
2,603
3,188
2,680
2.058
112
6,185
102
6,402
151
6,259
133
6,289
26
12,871
142
22,105
166
14,097
215
16,986
196
20.846
179
New York
19.721
446
111
1,439
386
51
665
666
40
776
470
26
1,164
337
70
770
649
42
1,375
684
49
2,734
887
180
2,378
1,162
311
2,254
863
North Dakota
138
Ohio
1,791
Oklahoma
552
366
307
247
214
204
404
258
419
418
Oregon
1,143
887
881
912
1,315
2,624
1,746
2,619
1,935
766
Pennsylvania
2,055
1,857
2,466
2,343
2,983
3.953
3,827
3,748
3.313
3,125
702
95
576
80
476
124
469
62
395
67
635
130
488
74
385
150
321
120
287
South Carolina
154
41
537
100
621
59
591
67
512
52
448
196
525
176
668
213
869
326
942
279
Tennessee
1,152
Texas
5,241
4,433
3,495
2,703
2,866
4.911
3.957
4,862
4,576
4,272
Utah
485
410
492
306
364
513
363
441
500
414
Vermont
41
76
81
29
85
139
68
67
70
112
1,772
1,813
2 052
1 808
1.692
2,403
1,891
1,766
2,258
2.054
Washington
2,731
2,841
2,722
2,161
1,605
2,194
5,063
6,018
6,330
4,793
West Virginia
39
14
9
8
5
31
6
3
6
Wisconsin
938
675
989
1,251
1,578
2.011
1,302
1.868
1,814
2,052
Wyoming
7
8
2
6
4
3
1
4
1
U.S. territories and possessions
Guam
16
14
14
4
6
16
1
13
134
76
2
95
62
77
97
2
120
133
109
84
Virgin Islands
5
Unknown or not reported
2
■
NOTE: Data for fiscal years 1987-
i8 have been
adjusted. Th
e data no Ion
;er include C
uban/Haiuan
entrants gran
ted immigrar
t status.
- Represent*
zero.
96
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
97
IV. NONIMMIGRANTS/
PAROLEES
A nonimmigrant is an alien admitted to the United States
for a specified purpose and temporary period but not for
permanent residence. Although the typical nonimmigrant is
a tourist who visits for a few days to several months, there
are numerous classes of nonimmigrant admission, ranging
from students to ambassadors. A total of 22.6 million
nonimmigrant admissions were counted during fiscal year
1995 — the largest number of nonimmigrant admissions to
the United States in any year. This represents an increase
of nearly 522,000 (2.4 percent) over 1994.
Nonimmigrant Admission
Nonimmigrants were first defined in the Immigration Act
of 1819, but the Act of 1855 was the first to require the
reporting of "temporary arrivals" separately. The Act of
1924 defined several classes of admission that have been
expanded in subsequent legislation. Though "tourists"
(temporary visitors for pleasure) have consistently been by
far the most numerous nonimmigrant class of admission to
the United States, a wide variety of temporary visitors
now fall within the nonimmigrant classification. Second
in volume to tourists are business people coming to the
United States to engage in commercial transactions
(though not for employment in this country).
Other categories of admission make up a much smaller
share of the nonimmigrant total, such as foreign students
and temporary workers. Temporary workers are admitted
to the United States to perform services of an exceptional
nature (such as athletes or entertainers) or to perform
temporary services or labor when unemployed persons
capable of performing such services or labor cannot be
found in this country (such as agricultural laborers).
Others who are granted authorization to work temporarily
in the United States include exchange visitors who enter to
study, teach, or conduct research; intracompany
transferees, to render managerial or executive services in
the United States to international firms or corporations;
and industrial trainees. Though not strictly considered as
employed in the United States, treaty traders and treaty
investors enter temporarily to conduct trade or to invest
substantially in enterprises under the provisions of treaties
of commerce and navigation between the United States
Chart H
Nonimmigrants Admitted by Region of Last Residence: Selected Fiscal Years 1955-95
Millions
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1981
1985
1990
1995
98
Chart I
Nonimmigrants Admitted as Temporary Workers, Intracompany
Transferees, and Exchange Visitors from Top Twenty Countries
of Citizenship: Fiscal Year 1995
Thousands
NOTE: China includes People's Republic of China and Taiwan. "Temporary workers and trainees" includes admission classes H, O, P, Q,
and R (see Nonimmigrant Admission section of text and Table 40). Also, see Glossary for definitions of nonimmigrant classes of admission.
Source: Table 40.
99
Chart J
Nonimmigrants Admitted as Students and Their Families for Top Ten Countries of
Citizenship: Fiscal Year 1995
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65
NOTE: China includes People's Republic of China and Taiwan. Source: Table 38.
and foreign states.
Nonimmigrants also include several types of temporary
visitors who are connected in some way with a foreign
government or who represent an international organization.
Ambassadors, public ministers, diplomats, and consular
officers serve temporarily in this country, bringing with
them members of their immediate families as well as
employees, attendants, and servants. Officers and
employees of international organizations such as the
United Nations add to the list of nonimmigrant visitors
entering the United States each year. The Glossary
contains a detailed definition of nonimmigrants, a listing of
each of the nonimmigrant classes of admission, and a
detailed definition of each class.
The U.S. government has an "open door" policy for most
nonimmigrant classes of admission. There are no
restrictions on the total number of admissions each year;
indeed, tourists (the majority of nonimmigrants) are
encouraged to visit as a boon to the U.S. economy.
Regulations govern such areas as the grounds for
nonimmigrant admission, length and extension of stay,
employment in the United States, accompaniment by
family members, travel restrictions within the United
States, and change of admission status. For example,
ambassadors are allowed to remain in the United States
for the duration of their service, students to complete their
studies, visitors for business for a maximum of 6 months
(plus 6-month extensions), and aliens in transit through
the United States for not more than 29 days (with no
extensions).
Most types of nonimmigrants are not allowed gainful
employment while in the United States, though exceptions
may be granted, for example to students and to family
members of international representatives. On the other
hand, temporary workers come to the United States
expressly for purposes of employment. Most
nonimmigrant aliens may bring immediate family members
with them; the exception is transit aliens other than foreign
government officials. Transit aliens and fiance(e)s coming
to the United States to marry U.S. citizens are the only
nonimmigrants who are prohibited from changing to
another nonimmigrant category while in this country.
100
The Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) of
1986 authorized the establishment of a pilot program that
permitted certain nonimmigrants from qualified countries
to enter the United States on a temporary basis without
nonimmigrant visas. The Visa Waiver Pilot Program was
originally extended only to approved countries that
offered a reciprocal waiver of visas to U.S. citizens. The
program is limited to admissions in the visitor for
pleasure and for business classes of admission, with
admission not to exceed 90 days. The Immigration Act of
1990 revised the Visa Waiver Pilot Program and extended
it through fiscal year 1994; subsequent legislation has
further extended the program through Fiscal year 1997.
To date, 25 countries are members of the Visa Waiver
Pilot Program. Data for the two most recent entrants,
Argentina and Australia, will be available for the latter
part of fiscal year 1996. Entries for fiscal year 1994 and
1995 are shown in Table G for current participant
countries. A Probationary Program portion of the Visa
Waiver Pilot Program also was established by the 1990
Act. Ireland qualified for probationary status and was
admitted April 1, 1995, until September 30, 1998.
Table G
Nonimmigrants Admitted Under the Visa Waiver Pilot Program by Country of Citizenship:
Fiscal Years 1994-95
Country of citizenship
1995
Visitors for pleasure
1994
Change
Number Percent
1995
Visitors for business
1994
Change
Number Percent
All countries 9,407,254 8,969,404 437,850 4.9 942,538
Japan 3,771,807 3,493,110 278,697 8.0 215,583
United Kingdom 1,779,268 1,866,451 -87,183 -4.7 240,060
Germany 1,226,169 1,152,969 73,200 6.3 115,469
France 688,899 637,733 51,166 8.0 99,432
Italy 403,018 427,334 -24,316 -5.7 51,426
Netherlands 294,452 288,405 6,047 2.1 58,094
Spain 210,184 195,150 15,034 7.7 20,757
Switzerland 210,099 194,955 15,144 7.8 18,360
Belgium 121,351 115,288 6,063 5.3 22,271
Sweden 114,811 119,910 -5,099 -4.3 36,183
Austria 109,172 95,021 14,151 14.9 9,431
New Zealand 73,445 62,571 10,874 17.4 8,380
Denmark 58,868 59,240 -372 -.6 14,280
Norway 50,847 53,591 -2,744 -5.1 12,593
Ireland1 50,142 XXX 3,547
Finland 37,818 37,958 -140 -.4 10,526
Iceland 7,494 6,623 871 13.2 856
Luxembourg 7,686 6,314 1,372 21.7 541
Liechtenstein 706 591 115 19.5 56
Brunei 465 433 32 7.4 74
Andorra 461 369 92 24.9 40
Monaco 389 289 100 34.6 14
San Marino 252 234 18 7.7 13
Unknown 189,451 154,865 34,586 22.3 4,552
' Admitted April 1, 1995. NOTE: Data include entries under the Guam Visa Waiver Program.
786,739 155,799 19.8
203,479
12,104
5.9
185,791
54,269
29.2
91,937
23,532
25.6
84,176
15,256
18.1
43,619
7,807
17.9
48,865
9,229
18.9
18,187
2,570
14.1
16,487
1,873
11.4
17,033
5,238
30.8
27,644
8,539
30.9
7,755
1,676
21.6
6,696
1,684
25.1
11,618
2,662
22.9
9,530
3,063
32.1
X
X
X
8,403
2,123
25.3
734
122
16.6
482
59
12.2
31
25
80.6
65
9
13.8
21
19
90.5
6
8
133.3
10
3
30.0
4,170
382
9.2
X Not applicable.
101
Under the Visa Waiver Pilot Program, certain visitors from
designated countries may visit Guam for up to 15 days
without first having to obtain nonimmigrant visitor visas.
The table below shows the countries participating in this
program and entries for fiscal year 1995.
Country of
citizenship
Visitors to Guam, FY 1995
For pleasure For business
149,141
120,560
16,164
2,369
1,656
432
196
108
70
66
66
20
16
10
5
3
3
7,397
1,115
916
47
53
4
32
4
2
4
10
2
1
1
2
37
Total
Korea
Taiwan
United Kingdom '
Japan
Australia
Nauru
Indonesia
Singapore
New Zealand
Malaysia
Western Samoa
Papua New Guinea ...
Burma
Solomon Islands
Brunei
Vanuatu
Unknown
' Includes Hong Kong. - Represents zero
In December 1992, the Presidents of the United States and
Mexico and the Prime Minister of Canada signed an
agreement, enacted in December 1993, known as the North
American Free-Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This law
superseded the United States-Canada Free-Trade
Agreement, establishing a special, reciprocal trading
relationship among the United States, Canada, and Mexico.
This agreement extended to the citizens of Mexico (with
certain stipulations) and Canada the nonimmigrant class of
admission exclusively for business people entering the
United States to engage in activities at a "professional"
level. Additionally, the agreement facilitates entry for
Mexican as well as Canadian citizens seeking temporary
entry as visitors for business, treaty traders and investors,
and intracompany transferees.
Entries under NAFTA began in February 1994. Data for
fiscal year 1995 are shown for both NAFTA and the
United States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement in Table 39.
For a detailed description of the provisions of NAFTA, see
Appendix 1, Act of December 8, 1993.
Data Overview
More than 22.6 million nonimmigrants arrived in the United
States in fiscal year 1995 (Table 39). Of this total, a large
majority (77.8 percent) entered as visitors for pleasure
(tourists), with the next highest class of admission,
temporary visitors for business, accounting for 14.5 percent.
About 364,000 foreign students entered the United States to
pursue a full course of study (predominantly in academic
institutions) accompanied by more than 3 1 ,000 spouses and
children. In addition, more than 201,000 persons entered as
exchange visitors to study, teach, or conduct research in the
United States, bringing with them more than 39,000 spouses
and children.
A record 22.6 million nonimmigrants
were admitted to the United States
during 1995.
More than 184,000 representatives of foreign governments
(less than 1 percent of total entries) entered the United
States as nonimmigrants in 1995. This figure consists of
nearly 104,000 foreign government officials, family
members, and attendants (including ambassadors, public
ministers, career diplomats, and consular officers), nearly
72,000 foreign representatives to international organizations
(including families and attendants), and nearly 9,000
officials serving the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO) (including family members).
About 46 percent of all nonimmigrants arriving in 1995
were citizens of one of four countries: Japan (19.7 percent),
the United Kingdom (13.4), Germany (8.1), and Mexico
(5.2). Tourists far outnumbered other classes of entry for
almost every country of citizenship (Chart K). More than
89 percent of Japanese nonimmigrants were tourists
(visitors for pleasure), compared to less than 80 percent of
citizens of France, and only about 61 percent of Chinese
(People's Republic of China and Taiwan) (Table 38).
Just as four countries dominated nonimmigrant admissions
to the United States in 1995, so did four ports of entry.
Miami (16.1 percent), New York (15.8), Los Angeles
(12.1), and Honolulu (9.7) together accounted for more than
half (54 percent) of all entrants (Table 41). The New York,
Los Angeles, and Honolulu ports maintained their share in
1995, while Miami decreased slightly from 1994.
As noted, the 1995 total of more than 22.6 million
nonimmigrant arrivals represents an increase of nearly
522,000 (2.4 percent) from the previous fiscal year. Total
102
Chart K
Nonimmigrants Admitted by Selected Class of Admission from Top Ten Countries of Citizenship:
Fiscal Year 1995
Japan
m////////////////////////////^^^^^^
United Kingdom
^///////////////////////////,
Germany
W///////////////A
Mexico
m///////A
France
W//////A
Brazil
W////A
Korea
China
V///A
■ Visitors for business
^3 Visitors for pleasure
□ Other
Italy
V///A
Netherlands
V//A
Thousands 0
500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500
NOTE: China includes People's Republic of China and Taiwan. Source: Table 38.
nonimmigrant admissions numbered about 6.3 million
during 1975 and steadily increased to about 11.8 million
in both 1981 and 1982. The number stabilized at about
9.5 million from 1983 to 1985 (recording a low in 1984)
then began a steady increase that continued from 1985
to 1995 (Chart L).
The overall volume of nonimmigrant arrivals has more
than tripled since 1975. Temporary visitors (mostly
tourists) arriving from Japan, the United Kingdom, and
Germany show the largest absolute increases between
1975 and 1995 (Table H). Canada does not appear on this
list and Mexico ranks low because most of the millions of
Table H
Nonimmigrants Admitted from Top Fifteen Countries of Last Residence in Fiscal Year 1995,
Ranked by Amount of Change Since Fiscal Year 1975
(Numbers in thousands)
Country of last residence 1995 1975 Change
All countries 22,641 6,284 16,357
Country of last residence
1995 1975 Change
1. Japan
2. United Kingdom
3. Germany
4. Brazil
5. France
6. China
7. Korea
4,380
791
3,589
2,857
483
2,374
1,818
320
1,498
847
99
748
919
174
745
614
20
594
612
20
592
8. Italy
9. Venezuela ...
10. Netherlands
11. Switzerland
12. Australia
13. Argentina ...
14. Spain
15. Mexico
527
500
400
386
428
383
305
113
98
79
71
121
88
47
Other
1,214 1,977
414
402
321
315
307
295
258
-763
6,451 1,784 4,667
NOTE: China includes People's Republic of China and Taiwan. "Other" includes unknown and not reported countries
Source: Table 37 and 1975 Yearbook
103
Chart L
Nonimmigrants Admitted: Fiscal Years 1975-95
1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995
NOTE: Data estimated for last quarter of 1979 and no data available for
1980. See Glossary for fiscal year definitions.
Source: Table 37 and previous Yearbooks.
visitors from these contiguous countries enter under
expedited procedures and do not require visas or INS Form
I-94s (Arrival/Departure Record) when entering the United
States (see section on Data Collection).
Admissions have a high degree of seasonality, with most
nonimmigrants arriving in the United States in the summer
months (peaking in July); there is a lesser but noticeable
secondary peak in December. The trends for 1992 through
1995 are illustrated in Chart M.
Data Collection
The Nonimmigrant Information System (NIIS) is designed
to provide for each nonimmigrant a record of legal
admission and departure. The system also produces
statistics for such variables as age, country of citizenship,
class of admission, visa-issuing post, port of entry, and
destination in the United States. Many nonimmigrants
enter and leave the United States more than once each year
and the NIIS system records each entry separately.
A description of the principal steps in the process of
nonimmigrant admission to the United States is useful for
understanding the data produced by the NIIS system. First,
a nonimmigrant visa is secured at a U.S. Consulate abroad
(except for those entering under the visa waiver
program — see Nonimmigrant Admission section). These
visas may be valid for multiple visits to the United States.
Prior to departing for the United States, nonimmigrants are
screened initially by the transportation company to insure
that their documents are in order. During the trip, INS
Form 1-94 is distributed to non-U. S. citizens.
At the port of entry, each arriving nonimmigrant presents a
visa, which is usually stamped in the passport, and a
completed Form 1-94 to an immigration inspector. Among
other actions, the inspector checks the form for
completeness, determines the length of admission, and
stamps the class of admission and port of entry on the form.
The arrival portion is torn off and sent to a central data
processing facility. The matching departure section of the
form, usually stapled into the passport, is the
nonimmigrant's proof of legal admission to the United
States. This section of Form 1-94, collected at departure, is
also sent to the data processing facility where it is processed
and matched electronically to the arrival section of the form.
The Nonimmigrant Information System also includes
information on parolees {e.g., entering for humanitarian,
medical, or legal reasons), withdrawals, stowaways,
deferred inspections (allowed to enter to appear at an INS
office where formal inspection can be completed), and
refugees. Data for these classes of admission are not shown
in the nonimmigrant tables but are included in summary
form in footnotes to the appropriate tables. Additionally,
refugee data are shown in the Refugee section and parolee
data in the Parole section of the text and tables.
The Nonimmigrant Information System also does not
include data for permanent resident aliens returning after
short visits abroad or for most of the millions of citizens
of Canada and Mexico who cross the border for brief
periods of time. Most aliens entering the United States
from Canada or Mexico do not require documentation in
the NIIS system. Canadians may travel for business or
pleasure without travel restrictions for a period of 6
months without obtaining nonimmigrant visas. Mexicans
crossing the border frequently may apply for border
crossing cards which can be used for admission to the
United States for business or pleasure within 25 miles of
the Southwestern border for a period not to exceed 72
hours.
Limitations of Data
Development of the current NIIS data base system
improved the collection and processing of data on
nonimmigrant arrivals and departures, but caution must
104
Chart M
Nonimmigrants Admitted by Month and Selected Class of Admission: Calendar Years 1992-95
Thousands
2,400 -
2,200 -
Visitors for pleasure
J »
2,000 -
1,800 -
■ %
; %
a m
■ » ■ \
■ * ■ •
I » ■ *•
■ ■ ■ *
B %
\
1,600 -
1,400 -
1,200 -
1,000 -
,*'
1 **. •
»
/
:- -; \ / V' v \ /
1 ,
V
800 -
600 -
400 -
200 -
0 -
T
Other
^;
Visitors for business
/
— 1 1 1 1 1 1
Jan.
July
1992
Jan.
July
1993
Jan.
July
1994
Jan.
July
1995
Jan.
still be exercised in interpreting the data. As mentioned,
the data system records arrivals via collection of INS Form
1-94; thus, data represent each arrival event during the year
rather than the actual number of individuals admitted.
Nonimmigrants in several classes of admission, especially
students, intracompany transferees, and visitors for
business, often enter (and leave) many times in any given
year.
Also, changes in the procedures for processing student
records, whereby certain records were prematurely moved
off-line and subsequently not included in annual totals,
resulted in a substantial underreporting in the number of
student arrivals for 1991 through 1993. These procedures
have been revised and new student arrival figures
developed for these years. Tables 37 and 39 reflect revised
student arrival counts as well as minor differences in
numbers for other classes of admission and country of last
residence.
Finally, there are gaps in the historical nonimmigrant data
series due to the unavailability of arrival and departure
records for July to September 1979, all of 1980, and for
most characteristics for 1981 and 1982. Data for country
of last residence and class of admission are the only
variables available for 1981 and 1982.
Parolees
The Attorney General has the authority to allow the
temporary admission of an alien who may appear
inadmissible but whose entry is deemed to be in the public
interest or justified on humanitarian grounds. Parole does
not constitute formal admission to the United States. It
confers only temporary status, and parolees are required to
leave when the conditions supporting their admission are
ended.
105
Parolees are processed as nonimmigrants, but their
numbers are not reported in the nonimmigrant admission
data. They are usually classified into three main
categories: deferred inspections, port-of-entry/district
advance parolees, and humanitarian/public interest
parolees. In recent years, more than 100,000 parole
admissions have been authorized annually.
Deferred inspection is used when an alien does not appear
to be clearly admissible. The parole is issued and an
appointment is made for the alien to appear at another INS
office, where more information is available and the
inspection can be completed. These cases are usually
resolved within 2 weeks, and the alien is admitted in the
appropriate category. Deferred inspection has also been
used to admit people in special situations. For example, in
fiscal year 1993 and 1994 more than 12,000 nationals of
El Salvador were given deferred inspection. Many of
them were members of the ABC class (see Asylum
section) admitted to file or renew claims for asylum.
Parole may also be granted by advance arrangement with
an INS District Office or, more commonly, at a port of
entry. About half of all parole admissions are of this type.
These cases are most common at the land border ports and
often involve the reentry of permanent resident aliens who
are not carrying their documents. Again, these cases are
typically resolved rapidly when the documents are
produced.
Within the category of humanitarian parole, people may be
admitted to receive medical treatment, to take part in legal
proceedings as witnesses or defendants, or as part of a
special overseas program. The latter category is the only
one that may constitute a long-term admission to the
United States.
Table I displays the total number of parolees admitted
from fiscal year 1992 through fiscal year 1995 by the three
major categories of parole. Within each category, the five
countries accounting for the largest number of parole
Table I
Parolees Admitted by Selected Class of Admission from Top Five Countries of Citizenship:
Fiscal Years 1992-95
Class of admission/
Country of citizenship
1992
1993
1994
1995
All parolees 137,478
Deferred inspections 18,970
Mexico 5,568
Canada 1,046
El Salvador 548
United Kingdom 661
Philippines 546
Other 10,601
Port-of-entry & district advance parolees 70,937
Mexico 12,244
Canada 3,412
Philippines 8,078
Cuba 1,617
United Kingdom 2,403
Other 43,183
Humanitarian, public interest, &
overseas parolees 47,571
Cuba 1,600
Mexico 4,585
Canada 1,700
Soviet Union (former) 5,426
Vietnam 16,998
Other 17,262
123,490
27,819
6,340
1,017
7,893
686
641
11,242
63,348
11,548
3,288
4,916
1,402
2,195
39,999
32,323
3,220
5,068
1,677
2,270
7,585
12,503
111,403
23,742
6,255
884
4,893
555
524
10,631
58,824
11,761
2,754
3,664
3,998
1,918
34,729
28,837
9,149
4,974
1,807
1,909
4,824
6,174
113,542
9,311
1,742
670
656
404
349
5,490
61,019
15,182
3,695
3,118
3,016
2,456
33,552
43,212
28,139
3,454
2,039
1,697
1,477
6,406
106
admissions are shown. Our neighboring countries, Canada
and Mexico, account for the most parolees in the deferred
inspections and port-of-entry/district advance categories.
Parolees from the United Kingdom and the Philippines
also appear frequently in those categories.
Table J presents more detail for the same years regarding
admissions under the humanitarian parole categories. The
annual numbers admitted have fluctuated according to the
operations of the special overseas programs that account
for the majority of admissions in this category. In 1994
and especially 1995, most of the overseas parolees were
Cubans under the 1994 migration agreement with Cuba.
In 1992 and 1993, a total of about 11,000 Haitians were
admitted to file claims for asylum. Most of the parolees
from Vietnam, Cambodia, and the former Soviet Union
arrived under special legislation after being denied
refugee status. ' These persons are allowed to adjust to
immigrant status after one year of residence in the United
States. As the declining numbers from these countries
show, these admissions are waning.
About half of the 10,000 humanitarian parolees admitted
annually for medical and related reasons are from Canada
and Mexico. The rest come in small numbers from many
other countries. Likewise, most of the several thousand
annual admissions under public interest parole for legal
and related reasons are from Canada and Mexico.
1 The Foreign Operations Act of November 21, 1989 (see Appendix 1).
This provision is commonly known as the Lautenberg Amendment.
Table J
Parolees Admitted by Selected Category of Humanitarian Parole from Selected
Countries of Citizenship: Fiscal Years 1992-95
Category of admission/
Country of citizenship
1992
1993
1994
1995
All humanitarian parolees 47,571 32,323 28,837
Overseas parolees & special programs ' 34,378 16,901 16,471
Cuba 1,600 3,220 9,149
Soviet Union (former) 5,426 2,270 1,909
Vietnam 16,998 7,585 4,824
Haiti 9,199 3,005 212
Cambodia 998 726 94
Other 157 95 283
Humanitarian parolees (medical and
related reasons) 10,680 10,128 10,335
Land border countries:
Mexico 3,542 4,265 4,290
Canada 1,337 1,177 1,295
Other countries:
Pakistan 81 218 472
India 167 209 344
China, People's Republic 257 287 381
Bangladesh 53 65 190
United Kingdom 288 216 132
Philippines 683 294 210
Other 4,272 3,397 3,021
Public interest parolees (legal and
related reasons) 2,513 5,294 2,031
Land border countries:
Mexico 1,035 796 628
Canada 359 499 482
Other countries 1,119 3,999 921
' Includes parole authorized by an INS overseas office and persons from the same countries with other humanitarian parole codes.
43,212
32,262
28,139
1,697
1,477
415
57
477
8,878
2,922
1,369
433
259
256
249
198
185
3,007
2,072
489
612
971
107
TABLE 37. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF LAST RESIDENCE
SELECTED FISCAL YEARS 1981-95
Region and country of
last residence
All classes ' (in thousands)
1981
1985
1990 !
1994 :
Visitors for pleasure (in thousands)
1985
1990 :
19941
All countries ,
Europe ,
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany '
Germany, East
Germany, West
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union, former
Russia
Ukraine
Other republics
Unknown republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Bangladesh
China'
Cyprus
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Kuwait
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Syria
Thailand
Turkey
United Arab Emirates
Other Asia
Africa
Egypt
Kenya
Liberia
Morocco
See footnotes at end of table
108
11,757
4,537
58
118
1
5
62
42
441
754
66
13
11
102
264
5
217
84
41
33
6
10
X
X
X
X
144
174
183
1,669
29
6
2,290
4
111
3
75
88
21
17
6
131
1,372
17
77
15
26
33
28
100
57
27
8
21
18
6
35
225
34
6
6
9,540
3,129
48
67
2
6
59
37
358
5
537
51
13
8
73
240
5
139
71
46
26
5
6
X
X
X
X
103
121
155
923
22
6
2,627
4
183
5
101
85
32
40
2
115
1,555
14
91
22
19
40
28
107
60
37
7
28
16
11
24
177
27
6
6
7
17,574
6,875
108
137
7
16
105
107
742
7
1,186
61
23
14
108
402
10
291
114
72
40
15
86
X
X
X
X
245
299
296
2,338
36
10
4,937
6
329
7
176
125
47
18
6
175
3,298
19
235
18
13
44
41
143
53
54
8
45
34
12
31
186
27
8
5
II
22,119
8,646
156
199
10
36
111
70
860
1,699
66
39
16
156
556
16
389
114
52
51
16
143
104
19
10
II
295
224
358
2,962
23
28
6,286
13
567
8
205
140
66
12
1
203
3,887
15
525
22
12
59
36
173
74
79
8
85
43
22
34
228
31
9
2
12
22,641
8,777
170
203
9
53
111
70
919
1,818
62
41
17
154
527
17
400
105
54
52
15
162
116
22
21
3
305
216
386
2,857
24
30
7,000
13
614
9
223
155
74
11
1
215
4,380
13
612
21
10
67
40
171
68
97
6
94
46
23
36
228
30
II
2
12
9,515
3,601
49
91
1
3
45
31
341
618
37
10
9
88
189
4
165
50
34
23
3
4
X
X
X
X
109
135
150
1,388
21
4
1,704
2
53
2
54
57
11
12
4
102
1,155
8
29
8
16
21
18
60
27
19
5
12
II
3
18
130
21
6,609
2,048
34
39
1
4
36
24
226
3
373
34
10
5
55
155
3
82
41
40
18
3
2
X
X
X
X
64
71
110
598
15
1
1,866
2
83
2
64
52
19
33
1
80
1,277
7
26
10
12
19
17
59
31
23
5
15
9
6
14
101
16
3
13,418
5383
87
95
5
12
75
83
566
5
969
43
15
10
81
308
8
214
80
55
30
10
53
X
X
X
X
183
230
236
1,899
23
3
3,830
4
187
4
111
75
28
16
4
128
2,846
13
120
12
10
27
27
76
33
32
6
25
20
7
15
105
16
4
4
7
17,155
6,944
132
153
4
25
79
48
686
1,450
47
27
13
126
457
13
302
80
33
39
9
44
28
8
3
5
236
154
294
2,461
14
5,023
9
353
5
145
67
37
10
Z
150
3,506
9
361
13
8
34
23
87
47
47
6
52
24
12
20
138
17
5
1
TABLE 37. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF LAST RESIDENCE
SELECTED FISCAL YEARS 1981-95— Continued
Region and country of
All classes ' (in thousands)
Visitors for pleasure (in thousands)
last residence
1981
1985
1990 2
1994 !
1995 2
1981
1985
1990 :
1994 2
1995 '
54
44
22
18
17
25
25
11
10
10
Senegal
3
3
5
6
6
1
1
2
3
3
61
52
379
40
45
365
40
67
679
84
65
609
85
66
611
45
23
315
26
22
282
26
34
562
60
34
478
59
35
478
230
255
466
433
428
188
195
380
334
327
5
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
4
109
34
2,817
90
14
2,189
177
31
3,245
126
45
3,727
139
37
3,091
95
27
2,480
74
9
1,664
153
25
2,463
103
37
2,763
115
31
2,240
135
154
216
279
252
75
79
119
144
127
1,768
945
1,348
1,714
1,214
1,634
773
1,061
1,324
893
614
774
1,231
1,167
1,088
526
584
963
886
831
Antigua-Barbuda
9
12
25
26
22
7
9
16
17
15
Z
Z
14
22
24
Z
Z
10
18
19
172
19
231
24
345
47
306
52
266
49
163
15
211
17
332
34
269
38
234
Barbados
36
Bermuda
4
8
8
7
7
3
5
6
5
5
British Virgin Islands
4
5
16
17
15
3
4
8
11
9
Cayman Islands
5
24
38
41
38
4
18
31
33
31
Cuba
7
10
34
20
10
5
8
33
17
8
Dominica
19
6
16
14
17
16
4
11
9
12
Dominican Republic
78
87
189
206
186
65
57
137
150
138
Grenada
3
3
6
9
7
2
1
4
6
5
9
5
8
9
11
8
4
6
8
9
Haiti
43
79
72
33
56
30
56
57
27
43
Jamaica
112
126
213
202
201
93
74
132
129
130
27
4
38
4
48
11
54
13
40
12
23
3
27
2
31
7
39
8
32
St. Lucia
8
81
90
99
88
82
70
71
81
68
64
4
6
9
11
9
3
4
7
9
8
16
300
11
16
316
11
33
449
18
37
567
22
36
536
21
12
245
8
12
228
8
20
320
12
26
408
15
25
387
Belize
15
43
39
83
58
50
71
86
66
124
125
88
144
123
87
135
36
33
74
41
38
53
62
46
91
91
63
108
91
63
99
Honduras
47
55
80
65
60
32
37
52
39
37
Nicaragua
25
17
16
45
38
20
14
13
34
28
Panama
52
54
59
78
73
42
38
43
58
54
1
1,449
227
Z
832
89
Z
1343
175
Z
2,203
406
1
2,481
383
Z
1,256
206
Z
606
66
Z
1,016
136
Z
1,718
338
1
1,978
Argentina
320
Bolivia
23
17
21
28
25
18
10
14
19
16
Brazil
201
200
393
633
847
164
148
300
507
710
Chile
62
40
75
131
154
48
28
54
96
117
Colombia
206
164
164
238
238
173
123
122
174
174
82
53
75
102
100
71
42
57
78
77
11
11
10
12
14
8
7
6
7
9
Paraguay
8
6
9
16
19
6
3
6
12
14
Peru
72
59
124
148
145
60
44
97
99
98
Surinam
6
8
12
5
7
5
6
10
3
5
21
10
21
40
46
17
7
16
31
37
Venezuela
530
173
264
445
500
481
122
199
353
400
Z
60
Z
221
Z
308
Z
420
Z
453
Z
30
Z
40
Z
60
Z
91
Z
Unknown or not reported
101
' Excludes classes of admission processed in the Nonimmigrant Information System in the following years: for all countries — 1985 - 64,487 parolees, 3,239
withdrawals and stowaways, and 68,044 refugees; 1990 - 90,265 parolees. 19.984 withdrawals and stowaways, and 110,197 refugees; 1994 - 111,403 parolees,
22,461 withdrawals and stowaways, and 114,471 refugees; 1995 - 113,542 parolees, 21,567 withdrawals and stowaways, and 95,576 refugees. ! Includes arrivals
under the Visa Waiver Pilot Program. See Nonimmigrant section of text. ' Prior to fiscal year 1982 and after fiscal year 1990, data for East and West Germany are
included in Germany. 4 Includes People's Republic of China and Taiwan. ' Prior to fiscal year 1985, data for Niue are included in New Zealand.
NOTE: Totals may not add due to rounding. X Not applicable. Z Less than 500 arrivals. JQO,
TABLE 38. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHD?
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Region and country of
citizenship
All
classes '
Foreign
govern-
ment
officials '
Temporary
visitors
for
business !
Temporary
visitors
for
pleasure :
Transit
aliens '
Treaty
traders
and
investors
Spouses
and
children
of
students
Tempo-
rary
workers
and
trainees '
All countries .............
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union, former
Russia
Ukraine
Other republics
Unknown republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Bangladesh
China6
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Kuwait
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Thailand
Turkey
United Arab Emirates
Other Asia
Africa
Egypt
Kenya
Morocco
Nigeria
South Africa
Other Africa
See footnotes at end of table.
22,640,539
9,268,222
183,298
194,067
10,284
55,283
121,648
77,743
974,672
1,836,133
67,484
41,664
18,759
184,450
591,607
13,177
475,135
110,428
58,806
66,653
16,824
169,175
121,665
22,716
20,701
4,093
333.827
228.682
359,725
3,023,068
31.232
24,398
7,206,553
15,117
665,632
138,426
200,281
77,046
22,333
221,130
4,462,541
18.724
673,272
17,761
17,350
78,103
49,742
198,699
54,138
82,767
94.248
51,939
12,680
54,624
242,829
33,984
9,589
13,895
21,021
77,327
87,013
103,606
31334
491
566
302
476
410
754
3,523
3,082
520
262
80
302
1,561
63
733
457
667
377
434
4,108
2,732
669
614
93
1,391
561
1,063
8,528
199
324
33,863
1,224
972
27
844
1,262
4
3,231
9,974
941
2,551
900
285
833
668
1,626
3.042
1.323
1,475
737
578
1,366
6,660
2,235
143
792
169
463
2.858
3,275^35
1,402,915
21,679
37,702
1,927
9,939
27,368
18,458
141,143
206.973
9,000
6,670
2,284
26,713
85.085
1,343
91,864
25,638
9,669
10,325
3,138
65,105
53,327
5,887
4,551
1,340
39,445
62,301
40,926
449,679
4,045
4,496
779,475
1,576
164,417
23,009
38.221
11,620
1,816
41,306
251,675
2.810
122,234
2,042
3,289
18,891
6,132
26,118
6.119
21,210
18,092
9,397
1,389
8.112
55,460
7,252
1,699
1,813
6,152
17,354
21,190
17,611,536
7,313,092
154,030
146,895
4,539
37,954
83,555
51,072
777,742
1,551,150
46,710
29,409
14,789
147,042
478,304
11,377
361,607
72,836
38,488
50,397
9,135
56,599
34,855
10,553
9,363
1,828
268,833
147,777
301,617
2,436,381
19,378
15,476
5,734,065
9.099
407,527
100.324
93,383
45,530
18,511
160,666
4,002,283
11,649
465,855
10,906
10.945
45,439
31,864
101.197
36,070
54,593
59,348
29,652
7,109
32.115
140,075
18.633
4.649
9.433
1 1 .427
52,125
43.808
320333
54,213
467
273
611
655
1,640
377
1,920
2,874
5,336
793
31
868
4,089
25
2,033
2,506
3,489
2,934
1,479
4,764
3,167
1,244
133
220
1,072
1,100
356
11,075
2,565
881
120,566
189
21,775
7,185
7,933
6.748
126
780
6,957
269
15,999
28
275
1,557
684
44,612
331
633
2.305
927
1,253
4364
671
104
116
235
859
2,379
131,777
47,572
795
851
3
115
977
577
5,046
10,386
38
5
1
203
3,653
20
1,966
1,085
6
11
1
36
22
3
10
1
1,566
841
1,908
17,364
91
27
77,601
5
4,242
36
42
17
70
3,892
60,641
6
6.727
2
3
12
545
890
11
36
221
189
3
11
71
9
1
11
1
13
36
364,220
76,672
1,288
999
1,006
987
1,088
916
7,892
10,853
2,960
823
460
729
4,741
81
2,522
2,358
1,051
744
643
5,009
3,480
674
795
60
8,141
4,325
5,543
8,683
2,111
719
211,010
1,544
34,030
5,515
14.626
8,930
522
1,820
59,894
1.425
36,785
2,551
778
7,404
3,826
1,378
4,155
2,939
9,850
5,650
2,771
4.617
9,853
1.215
1.795
728
675
971
4.469
31360
2,846
32
44
69
49
30
61
233
272
47
42
149
12
107
80
75
53
37
127
461
326
65
55
15
118
71
166
386
74
51
22,857
200
5,411
101
1,112
351
73
210
2,672
101
6.394
1.006
30
573
259
56
2.635
143
120
217
687
506
715
175
107
15
25
71
322
196,760
63,447
992
1,146
274
884
936
624
6.486
6,340
796
532
127
1,756
3,094
65
2,893
999
1,072
227
285
5,567
4,324
520
610
113
2,671
1.593
1,252
21,849
689
298
64,635
355
5,092
917
24,146
292
228
2,185
9,804
330
2,918
15
626
846
1,515
12,562
98
496
418
785
3
1,004
4,866
625
207
188
656
1.858
1,332
110
TABLE 38. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHD?
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Spouses
Spouses
Tempo-
and
Foreign
Temporary
Temporary
Treaty
rary
Region and country of
All
govern-
visitors
visitors
Transit
traders
citizenship
classes ' 2
ment
officials '
for
business !
for
pleasure 2
aliens '
and
investors '
of
students
and
trainees '
workers
and
trainees
594,149
4,275
105359
455,498
4,920
525
2,674
172
5,149
1,151
414,449
3,709
81,164
309,027
2,399
500
1,905
110
3,799
941
145,545
19,598
404
14
22,167
36
117,258
19,429
467
18
21
551
12
40
1
1,192
84
195
Pacific Island Trust Territory .
14,557
148
1,992
9,784
2,036
4
206
21
74
15
2,778,160
13,064
562,603
1,970,871
64,341
3,557
36,897
2,126
43,521
4,573
114,219
421
24,406
9,080
559
2,705
11,688
609
10,256
2,258
Mexico
1,177,771
2,646
256,230
861,151
11,464
573
11.586
1,063
19,180
1,404
968,417
6,513
177,604
730,786
25,912
86
9,276
305
11,957
584
Antigua-Barbuda
19,505
151
5,645
13,008
341
1
220
6
55
2
247,462
866
24,677
217,804
553
6
2,877
98
228
50
Barbados
45,675
509
9,664
33,978
711
1
368
12
149
25
Cayman Islands
22,302
3,408
18,542
63
2
270
3
3
1
Cuba
10,508
177
1,436
8,242
106
3
10
68
5
14,406
59
3,079
10,316
471
1
157
8
210
20
Dominican Republic ■
186,689
486
35,769
134,501
11,004
14
694
29
2,874
265
Haiti
62,269
2,399
9,345
47,799
1,536
2
338
6
352
3
Jamaica
202,066
1,035
54,423
130,312
5,845
18
1,880
59
7,005
91
10,445
12,272
135
78
3,240
3,615
6,541
7,778
342
556
119
162
3
45
13
4
St. Lucia
3
Trinidad & Tobago
83,699
394
13,462
65,485
1,566
7
1,144
38
716
81
51,119
224
9,841
36,480
2,818
31
1,037
43
239
34
517,565
3,483
104,337
369,704
26,405
193
4,346
149
2,127
327
Belize
19,246
99
4,557
13,517
508
267
3
30
22
114,916
303
23,681
84,786
3,229
90
680
41
420
99
89,677
130,689
840
952
17,937
27,805
63.873
95,425
4,886
4.391
10
15
531
652
10
40
438
314
24
Guatemala
48
Honduras
58.263
517
11,717
35,399
8,555
44
704
29
405
45
Nicaragua
39,300
132
7,022
28,246
2,841
9
243
11
112
25
Panama
65,474
640
11,618
48,458
1,995
25
1,269
15
408
64
188
2,451,277
381,119
1
13,880
2,132
26
356,896
49,125
150
1,922,014
312,536
1
66,568
4,818
2,254
791
1
25,619
2.814
2,414
257
1
14,623
2,235
3,544
Argentina
540
Bolivia
25,804
619
5,327
16,006
1,912
139
591
18
257
23
Brazil
829,198
2,567
92,134
688,741
15,495
172
9,177
764
3,615
1,008
Chile
154,488
1,841
27,680
115,397
4,274
27
878
165
795
194
Colombia
245,338
1,819
48,989
175,685
6,739
813
3,675
201
2,255
413
Ecuador
98,414
1,038
16,343
74,195
3,215
18
1,521
86
448
122
Guyana
17,760
156
4,730
11,009
1,142
187
10
141
29
Paraguay
17,447
279
2,724
12,992
539
119
294
16
48
12
Peru
153,475
924
23,622
98,384
23.981
26
1,382
100
1,617
328
Uruguay
46,454
485
7,018
35,958
1,244
1
187
37
146
44
Venezuela
475,133
1,972
77,795
376,909
2,476
92
4,841
758
3,033
826
6,647
21,207
48
1
1,409
2,390
4,202
17,801
733
702
56
1
72
173
2
4
33
34
5
Stateless
5
78,142
629
10,237
58,120
4,659
196
1,322
126
485
146
See footnotes at end of table.
Ill
TABLE 38. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHD?
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Represen-
Spouses
Spouses
North
Region and country of
International
represen-
tatives of
foreign
Exchange
visitors
and
children of
ces(ees)
of U.S.
Intra-
company
children of
intra-
NATO
officials J
American
"ree-Trade
Unknown
tatives '
nformation
media !
exchange
visitors
citizens '
transferees
company
transferees
Agreement
workers '
71,982
27,246
24,220
13,267
201,095
122,458
39,269
11,484
8,561
2,187
112,124
53,094
61,621
25,628
8,579
7,273
31,106
775
131
451
204
1,681
163
7
676
228
7
1,136
287
1,549
214
16
1,066
661
401
1
238
66
847
178
25
27
16
3
291
179
3,170
287
31
71
63
1
1
681
152
2,842
274
7
807
388
292
495
119
1,970
245
9
1,175
705
1
4,573
1,024
11,998
1,079
85
6,601
4,082
63
21
2,604
2,642
21,558
1,648
155
7,893
3,375
3,249
-
12
364
72
924
112
43
167
41
294
3
272
133
1,941
370
18
108
56
4
2
103
3
446
143
3
49
33
1
1
533
210
4,093
132
29
1,216
386
7
-
3
Italy
1,594
707
4,667
517
47
1,950
748
399
5
Luxembourg
31
17
59
4
50
30
11
1,450
469
4,063
336
45
2,691
1,490
397
4
555
172
2,110
264
13
608
293
317
4
Poland
341
168
2,516
402
138
153
106
5
5
Portugal
311
85
504
85
37
221
79
245
2
236
83
794
123
99
27
25
1
2
Soviet Union, former
2,838
336
16,657
1,792
816
1,676
1,127
7
-
15
Russia
2,035
279
11,303
1,436
604
1,371
873
5
11
Ukraine
274
24
2,020
155
126
162
89
1
Other republics
494
25
3,175
168
47
115
138
2
1
Unknown republic
35
8
159
33
39
28
27
2
Spain
1,100
561
5,885
689
48
1,303
445
207
4
Sweden
949
385
4,307
330
36
2.552
1.206
6
3
Switzerland
628
284
2,653
555
22
1,683
799
11
2
United Kingdom
4,804
4,661
22,820
1,280
381
20,210
9,155
1,344
34
Yugoslavia
434
198
899
107
43
68
65
1
2
234
50
1,505
155
34
46
26
3
1
14,744
393
6,995
4
38,746
244
19,743
79
3,920
7
33,772
23
22,011
7
470
1
-
217
6
China 6
1,031
57
417
41
5,888
412
3.257
33
513
22
6,759
444
2,631
229
26
5
-
28
4
2,785
401
374
477
1,582
232
529
167
354
391
99
98
13
133
4,699
14
1,043
6
23
55
3,311
945
126
2,369
9,753
433
3,636
42
410
1,033
1,226
330
109
1,537
5,540
162
3,942
30
82
359
255
37
156
34
225
75
205
2
82
25
1,854
183
57
843
19.579
64
1,821
29
49
349
1,192
220
44
648
14,152
62
1.556
24
36
184
9
3
9
6
1
18
2
30
2
3
6
21
3
7
1
2
983
2,360
143
146
26
66
4
40
1,518
1,280
478
327
769
239
668
155
41
1.364
3
7
167
745
130
361
120
307
201
227
14
2
2
40
25
1
Singapore
1
Thailand
300
61
1,642
136
156
61
30
1
2
585
122
2,446
493
20
145
83
369
5
37
1,417
8,786
730
3
28
277
68
59
2,394
6,585
1,375
39
558
1,387
457
691
423
32
1
108
974
148
58
662
115
1
1
12
2
-
30
24
Egypt
415
3
277
70
9
17
14
1
Morocco
309
54
311
49
23
34
9
1
1
Nigeria
559
19
387
112
176
92
82
2
308
6,465
61
72
1,304
2,931
250
449
20
163
491
192
351
91
2
7
6
Other Africa
14
See footnotes at end of table
112
TABLE 38. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Represen-
Spouses
Fian-
Spouses
and
North
Region and country of
citizenship
represen-
foreign
Exchange
visitors
children of
ces(ees)
of U.S.
Intra-
company
children of
intra-
NATO
officials '
Free -Trade
Unknown
tatives !
information
media '
exchange
visitors
citizens '
transferees
company
transferees
Agreement
workers '
1,851
741
4,886
843
116
4,119
1,826
31
13
Australia
1,230
625
3,478
640
80
3,300
1,505
27
10
511
3
104
1,309
185
26
802
309
2
2
Pacific Island Trust Territory .
1
107
6,804
12
867
99
14,659
18
2,472
10
1359
17
11,719
12
6,630
2
652
31,106
339
Canada
1,643
96
6,308
834
418
7.054
4,278
526
31,052
28
Mexico
1,218
344
4,009
1,110
371
3,280
1,863
69
54
156
1,984
301
1,487
191
359
660
228
46
-
138
Antigua-Barbuda
45
20
3
5
3
Bahamas, The
77
29
60
27
2
66
29
11
2
Barbados
154
11
50
4
10
22
4
3
1
1
3
1
2
2
Cuba
224
24
28
5
64
2
114
23
246
1
63
25
333
3
59
16
109
13
168
3
60
8
1
Dominican Republic '
7
Haiti
239
7
170
11
23
25
7
5
2
Jamaica
455
14
551
31
89
179
69
6
-
4
10
35
375
5
8
14
157
3
40
2
33
8
140
1
45
9
-
1
1
Trinidad & Tobago
2
100
1,958
40
146
126
5
68
2,849
155
7
337
4
8
211
1
32
724
32
8
261
6
1
11
■
T
17
Belize
434
365
326
41
29
15
653
525
437
110
23
95
29
33
25
238
90
103
79
52
38
2
1
4
1
10
Guatemala
4
Honduras
263
14
394
28
70
63
14
1
1
Nicaragua
273
4
316
25
7
25
8
-
-
1
Panama
257
18
369
52
46
173
64
3
-
1
11,800
2,004
6
12,978
3,191
482
1
8,192
4,686
89
43
Argentina
1,809
323
1,411
468
15
1,279
552
12
2
Bolivia
533
12
257
38
9
30
33
Brazil
2,356
585
5,811
1,268
153
3,214
2,093
42
3
Chile
1,331
248
747
237
13
423
229
4
5
Colombia
1.592
200
1,215
217
154
903
446
6
16
Ecuador
435
49
548
87
37
165
102
3
2
Guyana
269
6
37
12
18
10
2
2
Paraguay
155
63
140
29
5
14
17
1
Peru
1,679
125
568
145
52
365
164
4
9
Uruguay
806
107
206
75
2
99
38
1
Venezuela
775
285
2,018
611
23
1,689
1.010
14
6
60
2
1
3
20
21
4
6
1
5
1
47
12
;
Stateless
Unknown
749
66
762
143
69
207
166
52
8
' Excludes the following classes of admission processed in the Nonimmigrant Information System: for all countries — 1 13,542 parolees; 21.567 withdrawals and
stowaways; and 95,576 refugees. 2 Includes arrivals under the Visa Waiver Pilot Program See Nonimmigrant section of text. ' Includes spouses and unmarried
minor (or dependent) children. 4 Includes foreign government officials and their spouses and unmarried minor (or dependent) children in transit. ' Excludes entries
of workers under the North American Free-Trade Agreement (shown separately). 6 Includes People's Republic of China and Taiwan. A total of 561,743
nonimmigrant visas were issued in these two countries in fiscal year 1995: 359.501 to Taiwan and 202.242 to People's Republic of China. (SOURCE: U.S.
Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs, Visa Office.) ' Includes minor children of fiances(ees). ' Due to misreporung, reliable counts by country of
citizenship are not available; therefore, data are presented for country of last residence (see page 10). The number of nonimmigrant visas issued in fiscal year 1995 for
Dominica was 1,876; the Dominican Republic, 85,138. (SOURCE: U.S. Department of State. Bureau of Consular Affairs, Visa Office.)
NOTE: See Glossary for detailed descriptions of classes of admission.
- Represents zero.
113
TABLE 39. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY CLASS OF ADMISSION
SELECTED FISCAL YEARS 1981-95
Class of admission '
1981
1985
1990
1992 :
1994
All classes !
Foreign government officials and families
Ambassadors, public ministers, career
diplomatic or consular officers (Al)
Other foreign government officials or
employees (A2)
Attendants, servants, or personal employees
of Al and A2 classes (A3)
Temporary vistors
For business (Bl)
Visa Waiver, business
For pleasure (B2)
Visa Waiver, pleasure
Transit aliens
Aliens in transit (CI)
Aliens in transit to the U.N. (C2)
Foreign government officials and families
in transit (C3)
Transit without visa (C4)
Treaty traders and investors and families
Treaty traders (El)
Treaty investors (E2 )
Students
Academic students (Fl)
Vocational students (Ml)
Spouses and children of students
Academic students (F2)
Vocational students (M2)
Representatives (and families) to
international organizations
Principals of recognized foreign
governments (Gl)
Other representatives of recognized
foreign governments (G2)
Representatives of nonrecognized foreign
governments (G3)
International organization officers or
employees (G4)
Attendants, servants, or personal
employees of representatives (G5)
Temporary workers and trainees '
Registered nurses (HI A) '
Specialty occupations (H1B) '
Performing services unavailable in the
United States (H2)
Agricultural workers (H2A)
Nonagricultural workers (H2B)
Industrial trainees (H3)
Workers with extraordinary
ability/achievement (Ol) '
Workers accompanying and assisting in
performance of Ol workers (02)'
Internationally recognized athletes or
entertainers (PI) '
See footnotes at end of table.
11,756,903
84,710
NA
NA
NA
10,650,592
1,135,422
X
9,515,170
X
214,218
NA
NA
NA
NA
80,802
NA
NA
240,805
NA
NA
31,056
NA
NA
54,223
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
44,770
X
NA
NA
X
X
NA
X
X
X
9,539,880
90,190
21,168
67,084
1,938
8,405,409
1,796,819
X
6,608,590
X
236,537
138,957
1,804
7,010
88,766
96,489
65,406
31,083
257,069
251,234
5,835
28,427
27,747
680
57,203
8,316
6,989
271
40,397
1,230
74,869
X
47,322
24,544
X
X
3,003
X
X
X
17,574,055
96,689
22,018
72,511
2,160
16,079,666
2,661,338
294,065
13,418,328
4.528,112
306,156
153,801
1,296
6,190
144,869
147,536
78,658
68,878
326,264
319,467
6,797
28,943
28,490
453
61,449
8,256
8,110
376
43,104
1,603
139,587
X
100,446
35.973
18,219
17,754
3.168
X
X
X
20,910,880
102.638
23,519
77,099
2,020
19,229,066
2,788.069
527.655
16,440,997
7,971,149
345,930
168,289
1,035
7,581
169,025
152,385
71,796
80.589
368,686
360,964
7,722
32,601
31,988
613
69,947
8,439
412
50,674
1,524
163,262
7,176
110,223
34,442
16,390
18,052
3,352
456
258
3,548
21,566,404
102,121
23,783
76,393
1,945
19,879,443
2,961,092
640.397
16,918,351
8,624,006
331,208
173,149
796
7.923
149,340
144,644
65,362
79,282
370,620
362,700
7,920
32,652
32,103
549
72,755
9,032
8,962
362
52,856
1,543
162,976
6,506
92,795
29,475
14,628
14,847
3,126
3,105
964
17,109
22,118,706
105,299
24,237
79,143
1,919
20318,933
3,164,099
786,739
17,154,834
8,969,404
330,936
175,285
875
8,359
146,417
141,030
60,196
80,834
394,001
386,157
7,844
33,720
33,071
649
74,722
9,662
9,344
352
53,768
1,596
185,988
6,106
105,899
28,872
13,185
15,687
3,075
5,029
1,455
22,500
114
TABLE 39. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY CLASS OF ADMISSION
SELECTED FISCAL YEARS 1981-95— Continued
Class of admission '
Artists or entertainers in reciprocal
exchange programs (P2) '
Artists or entertainers in culturally unique
programs (P3) '
Workers in international cultural exchange
programs (Ql) '
Workers in religious occupations (Rl) ' ....
Spouses and children of temporary
workers and trainees '
Spouses and children of HI, H2, and H3
workers (H4)
Spouses and children of 01 and 02
workers (03) '
Spouses and children of PI, P2, and P3
workers (P4) '
Spouses and children of Rl workers (R2) '
Representatives (and families) of foreign
information media (II)
Exchange visitors (Jl)
Spouses and children of exchange visitors (J2)
Fiances(ees) of U.S. citizens (Kl)
Children of fiances(ees) of U.S. citizens (K2)
Intracompany transferees (LI)
Spouses and children of intracompany
transferees (L2)
NATO officials and families (Nl-7) .
Professional workers, U.S. -Canada Free-
Trade Agreement (TC) '
Spouses and children of U.S. -Canada Free-
Trade Agreement workers (TB) '
Professional workers, North American Free-
Trade Agreement (TN) '
Spouses and and children of North American
Free-Trade Agreement workers (TD) '
Unknown
10,110
10,110
X
X
X
16,708
80,230
27,793
5,456
742
38,595
26,449
7,124
X
X
X
X
142,520
12,632
12,632
X
X
X
110,942
30,271
6,975
832
65,349
41,533
8,323
X
X
X
X
77
28,687
28,687
X
X
X
174,247
40,397
6,545
673
63,180
39,375
8,333
5,293
594
X
X
189
90
1,131
9
2,577
40,009
39,155
1
152
701
189,485
41,807
7,783
771
75,315
45,464
8,880
12,531
1,271
X
X
1,354
422
4,036
994
4,444
39,704
37,833
322
498
1,051
196,782
42,623
8,541
816
82,606
49,537
8,902
16,610
2.386
X
X
446
613
4,942
1,546
5,951
43,207
40,490
549
562
1,606
27,691
216,610
42,561
8,124
764
98,189
56,048
9,135
5,031
498
19,806
5,535
878
660
5,315
1,399
6,742
46380
43,247
751
592
1,790
201,095
39,269
7,793
768
112,124
61,621
8,579
X
X
23,904
7,202
779
1 See Glossary for detailed descriptions of classes of admission.
: Data for fiscal years 1992-93 differ from data published in previous Yearbooks due to corrections in the underreporting of student entries and more minor
adjustments to entries for other classes of nonimmigrant admission. See Nonimmigrant section of text.
1 Excludes classes of admission processed in the Nonimmigrant Information System in the following years: for all countries — 1985 - 64,487 parolees (Rl-3), 3,239
withdrawals (R4) and stowaways (R5), and 68,044 refugees (RF); 1990 - 90,265 parolees (Rl-3), 19,984 withdrawals (R4) and stowaways (R5), and 1 10,197 refugees
(RF); 1992 - 137,478 parolees, 25,839 withdrawals (WD) and stowaways (ST), and 123,010 refugees (RE); 1993 - 123,628 parolees, 26,435 withdrawals (WD) and
stowaways (ST), and 113,152 refugees (RE); 1994 - 111,403 parolees, 22,461 withdrawals (WD) and stowaways (ST), and 114,471 refugees (RE); 1995 - 113.542
parolees, 21,567 withdrawals (WD) and stowaways (ST), and 95,576 refugees (RE).
' Excludes entries under the U.S.-Canada Free-Trade Agreement and the North American Free-Trade Agreement (shown separately).
' Entries began October 1, 1990 (fiscal year 1991).
6 Prior to October 1, 1991 (fiscal year 1992), H1B entries were termed "Distinguished merit or ability."
' Entries began in April 1992.
' Entries under the U.S.-Canada Free-Trade Agreement began January 1989 and ended December 31, 1993. Entries under the North American Free-Trade
Agreement began January 1, 1994.
NOTE: "Family," "immediate family," and "spouse and children" are defined as spouse and unmarried minor (or dependent) children.
NA Not available. X Not applicable.
115
TABLE 40. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED AS TEMPORARY WORKERS, EXCHANGE VISITORS, AND
INTRACOMPANY TRANSFEREES BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Region and country
of citizenship
Registered
nurses
(H1A)
Workers
with
specialty
occupations
(H1B)
Other temporary workers
(H2)
Agricultural
(H2A)
Non-
agricultural
(H2B)
Industrial
trainees
(H3)
Exchange
visitors
(Jl)
All countries
Europe
Albania
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union, former
Russia
Ukraine
Other republics
Unknown republic ....
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Afghanistan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Cambodia
China '
Cyprus
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan ,
Jordan ,
Korea
Kuwait
Lebanon
See footnotes at end of table.
116
533,883
238,999
458
3,349
3,761
1,148
4,125
4,585
398
3,769
25,085
35,791
1,887
2,581
622
7,065
9,711
417
27
469
174
56
9,647
3,717
3,741
952
1,106
23,900
16,998
2,702
3,900
300
9,859
8,452
5,588
64,879
1,656
24
137,153
34
39
622
96
17,739
641
1,773
29,311
1,420
411
104
5,397
39,136
827
8,375
86
1,085
6,512
522
7
6
3
371
3
5,501
1
28
3
95
1
117374
42,722
10
486
830
166
253
668
27
483
4,805
4,894
595
373
122
825
2,132
43
10
38
61
3
2,174
569
682
167
205
2,696
2,048
275
304
69
1,894
1,157
931
14,899
515
9
47,619
3
8
285
2
3,497
85
682
22,309
256
207
68
1.771
6,731
291
1,674
12
534
11,394
14,193
1,174
15
77
86
2
17
40
2
14
73
92
16
2
47
23
7
99
16
24
7
1
71
62
4
4
1
12
65
87
255
22
3,971
2,787
5
952
525
1
1
201,095
097
122,458
395
19
1,681
16
1,549
2
847
21
3,170
38
2,842
350
8
1,970
132
11,998
204
21,558
4
924
6
1,941
1
446
40
4,093
91
4,667
2
335
8
1
368
59
42
65
4,063
16
2,110
41
2,516
5
504
11
794
20
16,657
16
11,303
2
2,020
2
3,175
159
84
5,885
21
4,307
60
2,653
169
22,820
20
899
7
,139
38,746
15
28
244
64
66
5,888
531
4
412
39
3,311
11
945
1
126
15
11
2,369
791
9,753
22
433
90
3,636
42
1
410
TABLE 40. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED AS TEMPORARY WORKERS, EXCHANGE VISITORS, AND
INTRACOMPANY TRANSFEREES BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Total
Registered
nurses
(HIA)
Workers
with
specialty
occupations
(H1B)
Other temporary workers
(H2)
Industrial
trainees
(H3)
Exchange
visitors
(ID
Intra-
company
Region and country
of citizenship
Agricultural
(H2A)
Non-
agricultural
(H2B)
trans-
ferees
(LI)
13
2.228
261
579
3,200
14,587
102
706
1,184
560
589
2,121
3,376
63
309
97
82
12,425
191
30
72
160
171
51
290
2,148
197
35
461
95
501
30
159
54
533
1,135
323
70
3,653
75
355
48
165
216
132
174
264
637
14,154
10,577
65
3,303
84
37
19
69
3
10
5,306
3
3
1
161
1
6
1
1
67
2
71
1
9
2
156
105
51
7
716
49
3
1,406
5,028
5
83
445
305
216
181
715
1
7
8
29
3309
70
3
2
4
72
46
461
39
7
89
9
164
14
11
19
89
399
20
34
1,473
27
38
4
27
36
24
15
64
49
3,461
2,754
12
687
7
1
1
7
1
115
29
86
39
7
1,753
2
4
5
3
54
1
4
42
267
184
4
79
47
5
15
17
1
9
3
6
42
1
2
4
4
3
1
1
22
2
2
43
36
7
4
1,033
171
574
1,518
1,280
97
478
327
179
320
1,642
2,446
59
276
84
36
6485
98
5
62
154
70
39
111
1,375
131
23
321
77
277
13
76
30
311
387
191
27
1,304
48
293
39
121
150
48
125
154
525
4,886
3,478
34
1,309
10
3
52
1
349
15
2
167
745
130
361
29
8
61
145
1
7
2
7
Angola
Benin
974
20
19
8
1
11
1
8
148
19
14
Mali
17
6
3
34
92
9
2
491
1
5
14
1
9
12
10
19
4,119
3,300
6
802
3
8
See footnotes at end of table.
117
TABLE 40. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED AS TEMPORARY WORKERS, EXCHANGE VISITORS, AND
INTRACOMPANY TRANSFEREES BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
■
Total
Registered
nurses
(H1A)
Workers
with
specialty
occupations
(HIB)
Other temporary workers
(H2)
Industrial
trainees
(H3)
Exchange
visitors
(Jl)
Intra-
company
Region and country
of citizenship
Agricultural
(H2A)
Non-
agricultural
(H2B)
trans-
ferees
(LI)
93,803
47,479
26,512
14,104
17
80
12
354
221
109
6
8
96
248
3,375
49
547
7,735
40
25
53
35
52
1,013
26
3
5,700
217
1,311
1,053
854
862
453
950
8
35,793
4,925
544
12,640
1,965
4,373
1,161
188
202
2.550
54
451
6,740
102
1,454
127
26
33
64
1
9
1
2
3
1
34
13
4
3
1
40
1
5
5
11
1
5
6
1
5
1
4
9,748
3,431
3,655
1,602
21
6
156
109
79
1
7
22
342
18
53
402
8
12
17
4
7
329
9
1,060
19
302
146
149
139
39
266
10,437
1,793
160
2,617
596
1,315
315
97
42
1,111
20
117
2,254
22
256
10,890
600
6,067
4,206
14
4,192
17
5
12
308
49
1
256
2
7
8.258
3,062
3,457
1,584
15
1
3
1
11
7
65
441
6
3
957
4
1
69
155
28
16
13
34
7
57
426
29
3
52
22
41
19
2
46
2
210
43
338
81
188
49
1
15
3
3
1
13
2
8
3
20
3
1
4
11
1
123
1
1
34
27
26
2
5
4
1
22
5
14,659
6,308
4,009
1,487
20
3
60
50
6
3
28
25
333
17
170
551
6
8
14
21
157
13
2
2,849
155
653
525
437
394
316
369
6
12,978
1,411
257
5,811
747
1,215
548
37
140
568
20
206
2,018
21
762
11,719
7,054
3,280
660
1
5
66
22
4
1
2
13
168
3
25
179
2
8
18
140
2
1
724
32
238
90
103
63
25
173
1
8,192
1,279
30
3,214
423
903
165
10
14
365
I
99
1,689
47
207
See footnotes at end of table.
118
TABLE 40. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED AS TEMPORARY WORKERS, EXCHANGE VISITORS, AND
EMTRACOMPANY TRANSFEREES BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Region and country
of citizenship
Workers
with
extraordinary
ability or
achievement
(Ol)
Workers
accom-
panying and
assisting in
performance
of 01
workers
(02)
Inter-
nationally
recognized
athletes or
entertainers
(PI)
Artists or
entertainers
in reciprocal
exchange
programs
(P2)
Artists or
entertainers
in culturally
unique
programs
(P3)
Workers
in inter-
national
cultural
exchange
programs
(QD
Workers in
religious
occupations
(Rl)
North
American
Free-Trade
Agreement
workers
(TN)
5,974
3,931
3
.77
41
10
19
71
5
29
348
314
10
23
1
86
275
1
2
1
2
145
24
43
5
4
465
416
24
23
2
144
96
68
1,591
25
3
478
41
4
10
33
1
3
3
75
191
26
17
1,813
885
8
7
1
1
6
2
42
66
5
1
87
30
1
11
1
2
84
73
6
5
54
5
2
467
2
408
22
8
109
32
1
10
14
62
56
19
22,397
8,227
2
272
150
42
469
88
1
47
540
275
63
46
344
186
6
1
1
265
107
118
17
19
1,397
1,206
127
50
14
277
180
58
3,191
60
5
U98
1
1
1
367
1
33
131
4
1
154
507
5
61
34
660
175
2
30
1
1
2
4
8
2
3
4
2
3
1
7
45
36
3
3
3
4
1
3
51
1
79
1
15
1
6
1
8
19
9
4
5^15
1,828
27
18
4
46
30
19
56
120
99
52
88
58
10
44
58
26
64
1
34
711
425
55
210
21
26
23
5
204
5
1,833
6
31
13
295
22
939
6
11
56
184
8
111
9
1,399
1,102
15
343
168
2
111
1
229
2
5
3
2
7
5
213
1
115
55
18
4
30
1
6,742
1,723
5
30
9
5
28
16
1
15
125
189
6
20
1
167
182
1
4
1
4
59
10
64
18
11
66
35
21
9
1
157
34
34
426
35
2,081
14
15
109
15
515
11
3
4
85
310
2
353
2
5
23,904
See footnotes at end of table.
119
TABLE 40. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED AS TEMPORARY WORKERS, EXCHANGE VISITORS, AND
INTRACOMPANY TRANSFEREES BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Workers
accom-
Inter-
Artists or
Artists or
Workers
North
with
panying and
nationally
entertainers
entertainers
national
cultural
exchange
Workers in
American
Region and country
extraordinary
assisting in
recognized
in reciprocal
in culturally
religious
Free-Trade
of citizenship
ability or
performance
athletes or
exchange
unique
occupations
Agreement
achievement
of 01
entertainers
programs
programs
(Rl)
workers
(Ol)
workers
(02)
(PI)
(P2)
(P3)
(QD
(TN)
.
.
1
.
-
2
2
10
1
26
1
1
3
20
-
-
5
5
66
11
42
53
40
2
19
297
-
-
2
6
1
1
4
6
1
2
17
.
1
2
4
9
12
1
2
24
6
22
3
2
1
9
1
212
9
13
6
26
1
7
2
1
1
1
1
9
1
-
.
2
.
1
103
27
430
17
408
59
9
256
1
-
Angola
1
2
-
Benin
-
-
1
-
1
11
3
1
2
.
9
2
-
2
27
18
30
43
10
87
38
3
23
Egypt
.
1
7
-
1
2
2
1
3
.
1
18
1
8
1
14
13
11
2
-
Mali
1
8
3
54
2
6
25
12
52
-
2
4
133
48
26
73
2
1
3
27
1
123
3
19
1
77
.
5
1
2
15
-
-
5
9
1
12
1
39
5
-
6
16
6
4
7
13
1
311
40
30
246
10
4
132
2
7
366
242
32
203
6
51
2
155
5
4
63
8
41
3
1
80
87
83
.
17
1
2
1
16
4
See footnotes at end of table.
120
TABLE 40. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED AS TEMPORARY WORKERS, EXCHANGE VISITORS, AND
EMTRACOMPANY TRANSFEREES BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Workers
Workers
accom-
Inter-
Artists or
Artists or
Workers
North
with
panying and
nationally
entertainers
entertainers
national
Workers in
American
Region and country
extraordinary
assisting in
recognized
in reciprocal
in culturally
religious
Free-Trade
of citizenship
ability or
performance
athletes or
exchange
unique
exchange
occupations
Agreement
achievement
of 01
entertainers
programs
programs
(Rl)
workers
(Ol)
workers
(02)
(PI)
(P2)
(P3)
(QD
(TN)
816
385
10,21**
319
702
109
1,610
23,904
441
160
1,354
245
190
31
635
23,861
213
104
94
120
4,702
3,608
34
30
173
264
75
2
489
324
43
1
-
14
-
17
-
-
2
7
12
-
2
24
-
1
20
1
-
3
-
-
8
-
5
-
-
2
-
12
5
26
16
-
1
-
1
109
-
13
-
7
10
1,918
6
1
.
119
.
1
3
.
78
1
101
228
1,048
7
2
2
26
146
24
37
37
1
1
.
.
.
.
1
1
3
1
-
8
-
17
6
5
.
.
3
1
226
5
43
24
2
.
58
1
11
5
2
11
11
4
1
5
554
14
225
71
207
19
10
2
2
4
1
1
75
33
29
1
12
1
1
162
8
33
27
31
21
18
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
28
1
18
24
-
1
-
324
94
60
11
1,801
189
58
10
390
1
6
1
650
105
.
.
1
116
19
40
1
13
4
2
4
25
532
39
576
7
17
3
7
2
2
50
76
3
87
57
16
4
1
13
153
28
148
44
10
.
Chile
.
4
2
5
40
1
93
55
1
11
2
19
1
1
3
-
45
26
370
15
6
78
-
2
2
5
2
9
6
71
2
22
6
54
1 Includes People's Republic of China and Taiwan. The number of nonimmigrant visas issued in fiscal year 1995 for People's Republic of China were: 12 HIAs,
1.875 HIBs, 4 H2As, 665 H2Bs, 81 H3s, 4,491 Jls, 4,121 Lis, 25 Ols, 7 02, 361 Pis, 6 P2s, 208 P3s, 100 Qls, and 20 Rls. The number of nonimmigrant visas
issued in fiscal year 1995 for Taiwan were: 6 HIAs, 916 HIBs, no H2As, 3 H2Bs, 9 H3s, 1,008 Jls. 336 Lis. 5 Ols, 3 02s, 37 Pis, no P2s, 125 P3s, no Qls. and 41
Rls. (SOURCE: U.S. Department of State. Bureau of Consular Affairs, Visa Office.) ' Due to rrusreporting, reliable counts by country of citizenship are not
available; therefore, data are presented for country of last residence (see page 10). The number of nonimmigrant visas issued in fiscal year 1995 for Dominica was
1 .876; the Dominican Republic, 85,138. (SOURCE: U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs, Visa Office.)
NOTE: See Glossary for detailed descriptions of classes of admission. - Represents zero.
121
TABLE 41. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED PORT OF ENTRY AND REGION
AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Region and country
of citizenship
All potts
Agana
Atlanta
Boston
Chicago
Detroit
Honolulu
Houston
22,640,539
1,146,596
560,102
435,860
1,010,121
426,781
2,190,088
433,812
9,268,222
7,403
431,265
382,033
672,148
193,382
67,419
169,908
183,298
134
9,118
4,899
11,791
3,700
1,283
1,882
194,067
10,284
63
16,708
313
8,506
188
29,855
837
2,817
78
244
33
3,401
113
Czechoslovakia
55,283
14
2,829
1,278
5,941
1,544
175
516
121,648
134
4,118
3,120
10,296
1,788
804
2,231
77,743
56
1,501
1,251
4,285
539
225
984
974,672
543
21,326
31,528
64,390
28,066
8,626
44,508
1,836,133
901
152,085
58,087
163,044
69,646
20.071
17,960
67,484
26
1,739
5.220
3,884
1,308
39
1,540
41,664
3
1,455
982
1,698
978
75
431
18,759
1
45
96
73
17
15
34
184,450
52
10,588
23,286
6,875
949
613
1,444
591,607
355
6,655
19,555
42,461
7,669
1,365
5.911
13,177
10
479
392
940
271
55
110
475,135
213
21,786
14,610
18,954
20,040
1,471
13,302
110,428
62
2,875
2,295
7,740
1,362
317
3,599
Poland
58,806
11
1,778
1,093
15,034
1,692
153
543
66,653
250
873
5,981
994
614
774
340
16,824
1
495
169
2,711
273
9
167
169,175
56
3,780
1,649
14,412
1,695
120
2,416
121,665
45
2,809
982
9,267
692
98
1,857
22,716
2
471
185
3,274
367
11
233
20,701
1
447
428
1,590
578
9
256
4,093
8
53
54
281
58
2
70
333,827
217
14,531
3,888
4,839
1,011
197
4,199
228,682
206
5,938
5,828
44,889
3,313
1,020
2,327
359,725
355
26,313
16,387
36,437
2,395
3,609
2,964
3,023,068
3,669
121,511
170,062
173,148
39,319
25,951
58,010
31,232
70
1,642
949
3.799
1,601
99
717
24,398
1
784
734
2,821
697
76
259
Asia
7,206,553
1,120304
58,616
32,195
231,259
203350
2,022,757
21,823
Bangladesh
15,117
24
144
275
411
180
113
304
China '
665,632
8,346
32,149
3
1,425
143
994
517
17,640
424
15,464
251
75,629
8
1,505
65
138,426
2,771
298
318
3,491
3,942
16,505
147
200,281
314
7,172
6,801
13,664
5,053
975
4,286
77,046
952
436
860
1.861
2,793
10,675
277
22,333
3
827
667
1,391
962
52
618
221,130
50
4,560
5,242
5,229
836
245
987
4,462,541
916,886
31,169
3,670
132,321
113,523
1,783,109
3,428
18,724
1
401
705
3,233
910
12
512
673,272
153,258
5,073
710
23,460
27,742
99,233
676
17,761
4
321
981
986
308
35
347
17,350
2
386
1,202
1,076
1,186
10
559
78,103
295
293
652
1,778
1,132
6,101
310
49,742
29
1,048
1.167
3,204
815
129
2,356
198,699
12,512
387
522
6,645
18,254
7,577
491
54,138
5
619
1,669
1,504
487
98
1.883
82,767
527
152
551
2,696
1,377
14,058
148
8,813
8,204
60
3
106
134
384
384
368
876
354
679
181
3
150
219
Thailand
94,248
317
296
727
3,420
4,337
7,207
124
51,939
16
2,535
1,891
2,388
577
60
1,026
12,680
214
558
1,428
478
29
668
29,261
242,829
123
106
477
5,662
748
8,140
1,765
9,892
1,710
4335
713
399
737
4386
Egypt
33,984
7
678
871
1,393
685
34
671
8,558
10
182
261
332
255
17
115
See footnotes at end of table.
122
TABLE 41. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED PORT OF ENTRY AND REGION
AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Region and country
of citizenship
Kenya
Morocco
Nigeria
South Africa
Other Africa
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Pacific Island Trust Territory
Other Oceania
North America
Canada
Mexico
Caribbean
Antigua-Barbuda
Bahamas, The
Barbados
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Dominica !
Dominican Republic '
Grenada
Haiti
Jamaica
Netherlands Antilles
St. Kitts& Nevis
St. Lucia
Trinidad & Tobago
Other Caribbean
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Other North America
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Paraguay
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
Other South America
Stateless
Unknown
See footnotes at end of table.
All ports
Agana
Chicago
9,589
13,895
21,021
77,327
78,455
594,149
414,449
145,545
19,598
14,557
2,778,160
114.219
1,177,771
968,417
19,505
247,462
45,675
22,302
10,508
14,406
186,689
7,755
62.269
202,066
9,357
10,445
12,272
83,699
34,007
517,565
19,246
114,916
89,677
130,689
58,263
39,300
65,474
188
2,451,277
381.119
25,804
829.198
154,488
245,338
98,414
17,760
17,447
153,475
46,454
475,133
6,647
21,207
78,142
2
1
10
44
32
14^51
2,931
710
9,995
715
319
49
180
55
6
3
1
1
25
3
1
1
12
2
35
5
4
2
3
1
20
299
15
1
128
18
46
7
4
2
53
2
23
30
3,784
516
153
983
1,225
1,925
1,814
1,442
357
2
13
35,472
1,196
24,156
8,107
5
3,478
41
284
25
2
41
5
39
3,433
261
4
4
87
398
2,004
23
1,424
124
108
118
28
179
9
24,514
758
71
21,253
476
396
112
39
116
209
703
348
33
107
2,652
755
220
1,067
1,819
3,147
4,701
3,747
938
2
14
4,586
2,155
1,310
862
19
81
31
9
5
6
63
10
86
147
8
18
8
85
286
246
25
68
33
36
33
14
37
13
2349
378
41
723
285
315
88
26
7
134
54
295
3
107
1,749
689
207
1,179
2,580
3,512
7329
5,649
1,648
10
22
75,231
4,170
67,194
1,717
12
116
50
11
23
14
212
6
837
181
13
15
15
104
108
2,146
56
408
361
781
133
90
317
4
8,524
1,896
156
1,796
1,320
997
394
17
37
887
232
781
11
621
5,117
481
135
681
711
1,387
2361
1,614
628
9
10
19304
13,314
4,893
835
5
87
83
29
22
24
70
5
55
209
3
11
9
166
57
460
32
71
83
95
65
28
86
2
1,637
163
74
435
126
229
85
37
7
236
21
219
5
802
1,510
23
9
15
199
102
91,852
53,342
25,101
9,347
4,062
1,639
541
619
143
6
10
7
1
2
28
1
6
16
1
2
1
14
48
323
6
86
33
79
40
6
73
13
2,666
706
29
991
174
272
126
11
33
135
62
113
14
204
3,152
123
TABLE 41. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED PORT OF ENTRY AND REGION
AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Region and country
of citizenship
Los Angeles
Miami
Newark
New York
Orlando
San
Francisco
Washington
DC
2,741,628
3,639,649
617^26
3,588,271
832,015
1,210,247
590,482
786,484
991,757
483371
2,064,926
657,428
436359
410379
20,705
26,557
4,579
53,864
3,956
11,459
7,285
10,385
12,648
4,235
58,649
2,257
8.287
20,516
504
334
180
5,883
37
165
666
3,877
3,046
1,203
19,805
763
1,942
2,634
10,382
10,714
19,273
25,433
1,653
5,283
3,291
2,672
12,084
4,149
34,732
450
4,616
1,417
91,950
115,707
79,751
204,191
4,373
46,825
46,978
173,019
173,111
74,785
370.563
52,074
107,042
85,624
3,079
4,573
883
33,513
949
1,292
2,134
3,635
2,351
566
20.400
1,136
943
1,893
185
366
156
4,890
3,109
56
55
8,474
12,476
2,973
61,994
7,456
7,664
3,283
46,532
115,534
29,158
215,451
3,320
12,335
28,416
1,389
808
163
3,659
1,080
757
488
39,199
71,653
8,310
93,255
21,863
20,846
27,550
5,319
8,511
36,140
12,151
1.999
3,338
1,626
2,159
2,043
5,292
19,763
811
645
1,664
2,912
9,200
10,131
24,266
735
1,857
862
878
547
189
8,931
130
213
722
13,305
7,019
1,692
77,784
708
9,898
16,147
7,858
6,112
877
55,225
616
8,626
11,689
688
313
471
13,382
46
488
1,433
4,081
350
251
8,101
33
518
2,467
678
244
93
1,076
13
266
558
7,337
85,430
38,633
118.605
4,367
4,671
17,346
12,506
18,746
55,227
31,377
3,468
7,619
4,287
40,336
41,868
3,843
84,527
6,088
17,184
29,233
282,411
252,224
99,315
462,439
533,334
159,891
103,700
2,333
2,163
1,048
10.152
215
814
1,550
1,001
2,044
1.697
8.649
1,097
617
1,012
1,245357
113,142
83,175
745,263
18,116
673,405
91,723
1,279
361
287
8,434
55
325
839
233,546
7,721
17,775
40,299
248
145,262
3,307
462
495
133
4,262
159
189
293
36,031
1,659
803
7,049
473
38,372
288
16,964
9,461
6,079
77,716
1,824
10,510
10,935
33,463
1,234
888
7,698
174
8,823
957
5,266
559
595
3,457
153
1,451
1,730
10,759
16,951
15,728
137,594
1,242
2,537
2,038
558,020
50,046
28,614
217,333
3,457
305,357
39,752
1,049
613
311
7,803
186
452
1,092
145,008
6,440
1,257
92,733
196
69,818
3,438
848
678
157
9,417
465
372
1,260
1,642
1,253
672
5,402
142
449
1,288
42,747
916
728
6,705
440
9,497
631
2,457
1,074
1.614
28,633
296
912
1.869
70,323
5,860
1,495
14,894
440
39,994
1,321
2,903
1,642
526
23,302
5,670
668
9.438
30,994
582
916
7,343
221
16,726
359
1.632
355
458
2,197
68
383
699
799
248
241
3,084
84
154
436
39,713
670
1,216
5,745
89
17,127
2,425
3,425
3,097
1,655
25,726
1,007
1,183
2,612
1,074
298
572
1,413
290
263
2,313
4,953
929
455
7,024
737
2,581
2,403
12,205
26,686
6,495
110347
2390
3,723
22,088
2,628
754
673
20,387
250
418
1,881
279
322
263
4,771
35
77
772
All countries
Europe
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union, former
Russia
Ukraine
Other republics
Unknown republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Bangladesh
China'
Cyprus
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Kuwait
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Syria
Thailand
Turkey
United Arab Emirates ...
Other Asia
Africa
Egypt
Ghana
See footnotes at end of table
124
TABLE 41. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED PORT OF ENTRY AND REGION
AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Region and country
of citizenship
Los Angeles
San
Francisco
Washington,
DC
Kenya
Morocco
Nigeria
South Africa
Other Africa
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Pacific Island Trust Territory
Other Oceania
North America
Canada
Mexico
Caribbean
Antigua-Barbuda
Bahamas, The
Barbados
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Dominica '
Dominican Republic '
Grenada
Haiti
Jamaica
Netherlands Antilles
St. Kitts & Nevis
St. Lucia
Trinidad & Tobago
Other Caribbean
Central America ,
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Other North America
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Paraguay
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
Other South America
Stateless
Unknown
534
357
853
4,612
2,942
326,235
228,417
89,653
63
8,102
252,003
3,197
183,569
1,847
20
161
93
21
74
67
240
36
54
436
12
23
46
282
282
63385
1,552
11,346
20,734
24,536
2,233
1,840
1,144
5
106389
15,703
592
54,676
7,886
7,675
3,874
60
587
12,887
1,128
1,253
68
4,043
8,912
433
646
866
20,185
3,480
14,202
11,083
2,960
18
141
862,172
3,197
122,715
432^44
1,794
83,204
14,810
18,329
9,140
4,711
66,743
1,757
37,390
131,038
5,187
364
1,674
43,956
12,147
304,007
9,486
68,422
39,484
65,206
38,676
31,633
51,100
9
1,617,096
263,897
21,720
418,344
118,066
185,066
72,976
4,899
13,573
121,573
28,109
364,641
4,232
124
14,470
349
242
763
1,351
2,854
4,728
3,468
1,218
18
24
29308
1,179
17,232
10343
287
730
63
4
72
341
6,516
7
126
1,495
97
24
24
130
327
545
34
103
112
101
84
46
65
9
8360
1,246
63
2,401
492
2,418
231
104
18
467
235
563
22
90
1,699
2.407
9,338
8,602
27,867
36,975
29,791
23,948
5,567
31
245
249,805
4,635
57,768
170,909
2,179
928
13,233
58
414
2,875
52,355
1,479
14,999
45,021
194
248
2,257
31,797
2,872
16,461
162
5,111
4,778
3,360
1,755
290
1,005
32
376,665
60,585
794
175,923
10,199
21,491
13,472
9,435
1,733
4,523
10.204
66,423
1,883
940
10,534
158
71
191
1,117
568
1,723
1,412
302
43,220
394
24,221
6,954
4
4,736
21
7
11
3
31
4
31
1.841
116
2
8
57
82
11,643
15
8,830
81
2,591
29
40
57
8
107,686
5,970
49
94,604
343
640
115
39
24
93
99
75
1,377
235
148
338
1,265
1,242
33,993
30,935
2,788
17
253
49,493
2,170
39,878
537
1
30
17
39
20
14
64
2
26
124
11
11
2
102
74
6,904
132
1,010
2,942
1,171
343
538
768
4
7,424
1,114
91
2,589
1,563
401
188
12
115
557
195
572
27
1,934
4,016
979
715
1,626
5,702
10,413
12,949
9,208
3,677
7
57
20,787
1,328
12,470
656
5
30
37
5
44
5
64
20
115
103
5
4
10
131
78
6332
29
740
3,400
1,745
169
91
158
1
29,674
5,400
152
16,618
1,902
455
141
55
41
597
2,879
1,420
14
75
2,807
' Includes People's Republic of China and Taiwan. A total of 561,743 nonimmigrant visas were issued in these two countries in fiscal year 1995: 359,501 to
Taiwan and 202,242 to People's Republic of China. (SOURCE: U.S. Department of State. Bureau of Consular Affairs. Visa Office.) ! Due to misreporting. reliable
counts by country of citizenship are not available: therefore, data are presented for country of last residence (see page 10). The number of nonimmigrant visas issued
in fiscal year 1995 for Dominica was 1,876; the Dominican Republic. 85.138 (SOURCE: U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs, Visa Office.)
Includes unknown port of entry.
NOTE: Includes arrivals under the Visa Waiver Pilot program. See Nonimmigrant section of text. Excludes the following classes of admission processed in the
Nonimmigrant Information System: for all countries — 1 13,542 parolees; 21,567 withdrawals and stowaways; and 95,576 refugees. - Represents zero.
125
TABLE 42. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY AGE AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Region and country
of citizenship
All
ages
Under 15
years
15- 19
years
20-24
years
25-34
years
35-44
years
45-64
years
65 years
and over
All countries
Europe
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union, former
Russia
Ukraine
Other republics
Unknown republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Bangladesh
China1
Cyprus
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Kuwait
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Syria
Thailand
Turkey
United Arab Emirates
Other Asia
Africa
Egypt
Ghana
See footnotes at end of table.
22,640,539
9,268,222
183,298
194,067
10,284
55,283
121,648
77,743
974,672
1,836,133
67,484
41,664
18,759
184,450
591,607
13,177
475,135
1 10,428
58,806
66,653
16,824
169,175
121,665
22,716
20,701
4,093
333,827
228,682
359,725
3,023.068
31,232
24,398
7,206,553
15,117
665,632
8,346
138,426
200,281
77,046
22,333
221,130
4,462,541
18,724
673,272
17,761
17,350
78,103
49,742
198,699
54,138
82,767
8.813
8,204
94,248
51,939
12.680
29,261
242,829
33,984
8,558
1,865,285
691,275
10,231
12,199
589
2,469
6,869
5.144
72,321
104,868
3,372
2,535
1,975
14,925
24,881
1.050
26.390
6,499
3,772
4,171
887
12,180
8,663
1.293
1,938
286
18,856
14,086
22,981
314,508
1,722
1,795
521,450
1,729
45,193
508
9.878
13,763
5,801
2,217
19,003
297,062
2,010
52,259
3,891
1,117
6,779
7,032
15,292
13,006
8,086
760
702
6,759
2.520
2,202
3,881
20,975
3,150
491
1,083,015
450,413
8,345
10,142
739
4,801
7,279
4,490
78,715
88,199
2,359
2,837
1,060
8,037
20,923
661
15,717
5,496
4,009
2,936
782
12,101
8,424
1,485
2,009
183
20,943
11,451
13,764
120,385
2,684
1,558
269,987
779
17,063
366
5,729
5,160
6,059
694
10,117
174,794
981
15,929
1,357
553
3,060
2,994
6,625
3,196
2.927
232
297
5,100
2,954
1,302
1,719
10,592
1,364
308
2,083,180
671,577
18,576
14,646
1,132
7,867
12,486
4,964
76,237
124,299
4,842
4,292
1,510
19,510
47,257
910
32,683
9,773
5,192
4,592
960
11,761
8,118
1,562
1,841
240
28,123
21,153
33,660
179,089
3,352
2,711
947,764
1,518
36,114
1,692
13,448
18,327
9,884
966
20,610
726,881
1,717
47,565
2,367
1.339
10,568
4,661
13,608
5,565
6,928
739
577
9,919
6,396
2,786
3,589
18,640
2,132
418
5,795,482
2,273,522
49,348
48,151
2,385
12,371
28,493
17,889
224,125
495,836
15,327
9,046
3,899
48,583
195,270
3,327
128,877
23,600
10,779
14,857
3,519
35,382
25,589
4,785
4,165
843
96,856
49,066
96,640
647,005
6,858
6,033
2,081,536
4.027
186,824
2,262
40,141
61,219
17,624
4,583
39,356
1,345,160
4,714
184,710
4,397
4,942
21,541
11,315
54,524
14,225
26,573
2.306
1.969
23,598
14.766
3,486
7.274
59,571
7,163
2,071
4,496,708
1,846,613
35,189
43,409
2,412
11,125
22,500
18,124
196,368
345,178
13,544
8,799
3,965
32,952
115,850
2,884
99,436
22,682
12,483
15,372
3,520
43,485
31,702
5,756
4,979
1,048
68,335
43,951
66,034
607,281
6,445
5,290
1,283,237
3,329
154,738
1,202
31.543
34,291
15,298
4,255
45,511
677,558
3,350
152,899
3,263
3,077
18,189
9,535
50,431
10,808
21,311
1,995
1,423
21,481
10,061
1,540
6,149
60,966
7,599
2,767
6,019,185
2,755,727
52,196
54,956
2,503
14,030
37,615
23,600
269,013
571,447
21,229
11,515
5,116
48,526
157,797
3,703
143,497
35,833
16,971
19,607
5,171
48,583
35,670
6,793
4,883
1.237
85,571
76,901
104,379
931,797
8,295
5,876
1,743,859
3,278
179.224
1.949
29.307
54,026
19,677
6,511
67,995
1,045,185
5,091
183,051
2,210
4,912
15,857
12,118
44,911
6,331
14,816
2,253
2,494
24,130
12,275
1,021
5,237
61,137
10,490
2,251
1,267,879
572^67
9,318
10,448
512
2,525
6,313
3,477
57,293
105,365
6,647
2,573
1,219
11,578
29,207
638
28,229
6,439
5,517
4,966
1,951
5,441
3,351
1,003
835
252
14,817
11,792
22,003
221,176
1,827
1,096
349,191
421
44,855
351
8,077
13,068
2,537
2,880
17,902
193,188
759
35,755
244
1.312
1,964
1,893
12,865
791
1,981
509
677
2,934
2,813
198
1,217
10,014
1,982
230
126
TABLE 42. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY AGE AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Region and country
of citizenship
All
ages
Under 15
years
15- 19
years
20-24
years
25-34
years
35-44
years
45-64
years
65 years
and over
Kenya
Morocco
Nigeria
Senegal
South Africa
Other Africa
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Pacific Island Trust Territory
Other Oceania
North America ,
Canada
Mexico
Caribbean
Antigua-Barbuda
Bahamas, The
Barbados
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Dominica2
Dominican Republic 2
Grenada
Haiti
Jamaica
Netherlands Antilles
St. Kitts & Nevis
St. Lucia
St. Vincent & Grenadines
Trinidad & Tobago
Turks & Caicos Islands ...
Other Caribbean
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Other North America
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Paraguay
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
Other South America
Stateless
Unknown
9,589
13,895
21,021
7,028
77,327
71,427
594,149
414,449
145,545
19,598
14,557
2,778,160
114,219
1,177,771
968,417
19,505
247,462
45,675
22,302
10,508
14,406
186,689
7,755
62,269
202,066
9,357
10,445
12,272
7,385
83,699
7,110
19,512
517,565
19,246
114,916
89,677
130,689
58,263
39,300
65,474
188
2,451,277
381,119
25,804
829,198
154,488
245,338
98,414
17,760
17,447
153,475
46,454
475,133
6,647
21,207
78,142
931
1,098
1,892
367
7,448
5,598
49,389
34,748
10,578
2,861
1,202
287,224
9,417
119,164
102,546
1,895
31,565
4,998
3,351
173
1,445
17,986
624
5,344
19,689
1,109
939
994
476
9,007
834
2,117
56,075
2,466
13,540
8,869
16,237
5,091
3,339
6,533
22
287,242
44,610
2,639
99,741
17,373
31.150
12,864
1,450
1,909
13,161
3,583
58,097
665
500
7,230
629
847
640
269
3,117
3,418
24,099
17,136
4,689
1,812
462
140,134
5,697
56,996
47,845
975
13,547
2,134
1,464
160
750
9,103
306
2,409
9,457
518
509
474
299
4,174
468
1,098
29,586
1,110
7,523
4,361
7,603
2,680
1,872
4,437
10
183,952
28,154
2,110
85,204
7,737
14,573
6,758
640
1,430
7,376
2,278
27,414
278
295
3,543
1.566
1,487
795
570
5,456
6,216
52,643
37,245
11,880
2,294
1,224
221,064
13,770
99,761
70,284
1,683
23,366
3,023
2,266
270
1,045
13,138
629
3,120
11,169
595
871
1,126
862
4,524
897
1,700
37,239
2,025
8,507
6,082
9,569
4,112
2,201
4,743
10
163,865
26,764
1,614
50,498
9,104
13.222
7,344
922
1,309
11,386
2,600
38,688
414
851
6,776
2,208
3,930
5,459
1,673
18,094
18,973
133,487
92,950
32,554
4,296
3,687
702,509
37,481
304,065
245385
5,447
69,017
10,797
5,481
928
3,707
48,053
2.141
12,010
54,002
1.801
2,762
3,921
2,275
16,675
1,997
4,371
115,538
5,091
27,187
20,240
27,819
13,614
7,632
13,955
40
524,596
74,527
5,361
167,594
31.706
56,410
19,838
4,107
4,143
35,735
9,504
114,243
1,428
1,922
18,339
1.878
2,769
6,083
2,568
18,062
19,240
119,404
82,911
29,434
3,742
3,317
624,232
26,552
246,281
234^03
4.833
52,091
11,743
4,470
1,121
3,337
45,363
2,021
17,260
56,090
2,339
3,057
3,072
1,902
19,125
1,566
4,813
117,156
4,057
25,915
20,974
28,402
15,376
9,484
12,948
40
544314
77,277
6,054
189,608
37,389
58,018
21,273
5,308
3,896
33,657
9,675
100,655
1,404
3,028
15,014
2,095
3.179
5,419
1,461
20,514
15,728
175,807
122,277
45,791
3,830
3,909
641,612
19,700
277,163
217,436
3,997
49,497
10,951
4,465
4,757
3,328
42,995
1,605
16,217
41,638
2,619
1.952
2,296
1,340
24,156
1,133
4,490
127362
3,634
26,177
23,024
31,433
14,404
11,030
17,560
51
610,478
105,512
6,572
197,838
42,536
57,363
23,952
4,323
3,969
40,636
14,612
111,056
2,109
9.756
20,809
237
452
685
81
4,540
1,807
38,493
26,557
10,486
723
727
154,428
1,363
71,038
48,520
646
7,755
1,951
772
3,066
748
9,679
411
5,737
9,511
362
320
352
216
5,907
204
883
33,494
825
5,817
5,922
9,303
2,816
3,637
5,174
13
132,693
23,679
1,393
37,638
8,368
13,779
6,131
983
749
11,191
4,109
24,334
339
4,783
5,910
1 Includes People's Republic of China and Taiwan. A total of 561,743 nonimmigrant visas were issued in these two countries in fiscal year 1995: 359,501 to
Taiwan and 202,242 to People's Republic of China. (SOURCE: U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs, Visa Office.) ! Due to misreporting, reliable
counts by country of citizenship are not available; therefore, data are presented for country of last residence (see page 10). The number of nonimmigrant visas issued
in fiscal year 1995 for Dominica was 1,876; the Dominican Republic, 85,138. (SOURCE: U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs, Visa Office.)
NOTE: Includes arrivals under the Visa Waiver Pilot program See Nonimmigrant secuon of text. Excludes the following classes of admission processed in the
Nonimmigrant Information System: for all countries — 1 13.542 parolees; 21,567 withdrawals and stowaways; and 95,576 refugees.
127
TABLE 43. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION
AND STATE OF INTENDED RESDDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995
State of intended
residence
All
classes '
Foreign
govern-
ment
officials '
Temporary
visitors
for
business 2
Temporary
visitors
for
pleasure 2
Transit
aliens '
Treaty
traders
and
investors
Spouses
Tempo-
and
rary
children
workers
of
and
students
trainees
Total
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Guam
Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands
Unknown
See footnotes at end of table.
22,640,539
38,915
47,420
150,548
16,637
3,253,671
219,107
135,883
19,302
248,774
4,199,719
238.295
2,110,308
12,681
460,221
70,861
29,648
32,231
37,107
131,586
28,084
169,334
461,522
207,905
98,627
13,062
67,378
13,242
14,779
307,935
33,952
371,090
32,886
2,712,700
1 17,495
7,007
161,323
38,495
79,672
217,678
25,548
60.318
6.400
74,798
729,332
61,517
29,988
191,757
247,826
10,078
76,770
8,949
801,050
166,893
15,992
3.526,243
103,606
990
147
668
38
8,680
484
442
153
19,197
7,951
1,970
1,752
16
1,881
125
36
435
197
609
25
5,676
1,301
381
149
184
2,517
6
15
312
30
343
11,394
451
3
669
252
77
735
276
126
7
115
6,886
303
9
7,378
1,151
13
60
18
623
2,117
39
13,305
3,275^35
11,007
4,016
33,736
4,349
500,586
40,148
26,882
7,322
68,846
412,036
78,336
38,583
2,049
149.183
21,194
6,680
8,412
11,280
30,047
4,456
29,133
95,101
65,639
29,491
2,728
19,920
1,257
3,298
54,219
7,064
73,697
5,766
390,711
38,611
1,021
52,719
8,955
14,306
58,126
4,758
15,731
581
21,975
199,258
9,935
2,722
37,436
50,802
2,383
21,695
729
7,493
37,478
2.050
449,399
17,611,536
18,618
40,492
102,500
8,250
2,539,165
162,114
83,715
8,714
125,304
3,651,539
131,600
2,053,339
8,030
260,914
33,505
14,396
15,662
17,432
86,944
18,888
96,380
301.411
99,434
54,637
6,855
32,135
10,106
7,999
249,501
20,797
245,036
22,750
2,121.489
56,378
4,288
76,099
19,097
52.232
119,603
16,218
35,769
4,561
40,542
437,290
44,416
23,331
107,994
164.600
5,042
42,287
7,188
781,290
120,127
13,154
2,790.379
320,333
828
433
53
10
10.998
97
284
155
382
41,993
755
4,402
1
357
30
9
8
14
5,101
348
821
627
517
55
295
39
39
3
44
38
1,607
20
7,542
173
64
93
16
717
1,969
81
237
2
38
8,255
13
11
711
2,910
8
40
2,787
2,668
263
221,372
131,777
998
520
788
155
25,293
592
3,064
371
398
11,620
4,030
2,119
65
5,793
1,649
165
231
1,541
456
66
1,242
1,946
4,829
351
42
808
66
106
250
177
9,705
124
19.078
2,469
32
4,643
207
951
1,829
170
1.464
50
1,820
7,096
204
213
2,252
2,783
108
395
21
2,089
537
49
3,757
364,220
2,774
391
4,866
1,668
64,505
6,273
5,358
841
4,257
21,090
6,168
5,953
1,002
11,247
5.394
4,065
4,176
1,914
3,382
958
5.073
26,726
9,045
4,587
1,295
5,138
615
1,623
982
1,791
7.138
1,182
34,602
4,005
649
9,409
6,008
5,448
11,778
2,294
2,091
611
3,354
19.244
3,599
1,382
7,139
12,102
1,382
5,004
323
213
456
104
11.546
31,260
385
30
569
185
3,555
870
375
61
257
1,551
566
288
54
1,563
609
387
379
246
408
55
492
1,740
1,274
373
157
552
36
141
71
127
831
236
2.536
498
91
1,140
600
437
1,235
79
219
67
327
1,988
384
24
970
538
168
476
36
10
53
6
955
196,760
605
292
1,895
669
27,710
2,188
3,113
264
1,655
18,382
3,369
1,021
394
8,840
1.229
502
523
1,184
944
1,017
2.964
6,631
5,016
1,512
268
1.331
186
293
769
1,638
8,464
467
36,232
5.008
114
2,734
902
926
4,307
340
812
74
1,215
12,580
715
569
5,189
3,286
127
842
155
3,592
1,583
152
9,971
128
TABLE 43. NONIMMIGRANTS ADMITTED BY SELECTED CLASS OF ADMISSION
AND STATE OF INTENDED RESD3ENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Represen-
Spouses
Spouses
North
American
State of intended
residence
represen-
foreign
Exchange
children of
ces(ees)
of U.S.
company
children of
intra-
NATO
officials 5
"ree-Trade
Unknown
tatives !
nformation
media '
exchange
visitors
citizens 5
transferees
company
transferees
Agreement
workers '
71,982
24,220
201,095
39,269
8,561
112,124
61,621
8,579
31,106
775
Alabama
63
32
1,202
239
51
285
178
295
143
2
Alaska
5
90
579
16
45
107
73
30
118
2
23
314
1,946
391
182
833
521
188
648
8
5
6
886
76
27
50
46
11
68
2
California
496
3,981
20,615
5,537
1,817
18.842
10,256
445
3,313
180
Colorado
45
172
3,195
630
115
745
403
118
449
6
Connecticut
430
170
4,739
654
111
3,025
1,922
63
406
4
Delaware
8
8
657
97
23
292
171
5
62
14,126
877
2,273
2,176
10,525
5,519
385
1,110
43
541
335
11,180
92
4,951
436
412
112
2,693
4
Florida
155
Georgia
97
636
3,373
582
130
3,132
1,686
120
623
8
42
618
783
204
223
418
261
26
110
4
Idaho
3
10
737
43
29
55
41
106
-
Illinois
110
360
7,700
1,611
251
4,629
2,636
59
833
11
12
68
3,398
750
75
1,148
766
13
330
3
Iowa
5
21
2,276
405
47
190
130
114
1
7
10
1,407
174
43
186
178
73
139
1
Kentucky
6
44
1,282
192
40
835
539
40
124
Louisiana
27
95
1,669
356
59
380
341
25
465
1
Maine
16
13
1,604
61
33
52
22
7
397
-
Maryland
14,496
651
6,864
2,125
186
1,063
572
233
419
40
Massachusetts
242
399
13,940
3,447
255
3,365
1,604
94
1,141
11
Michigan
33
193
6,025
1,379
241
5,580
3,736
17
2,721
11
Minnesota
24
65
4,055
714
165
1,057
556
10
376
Mississippi
8
6
750
99
27
50
20
34
106
64
47
2,618
556
88
582
260
50
217
2
1
13
612
56
20
57
8
1
144
-
Nebraska
5
10
765
169
31
67
24
9
92
3
Nevada
20
354
465
56
78
209
91
61
311
9
New Hampshire
9
13
1,414
100
49
219
130
220
1
1,188
367
5,545
1,131
300
6,937
4,240
71
769
12
31
23,685
32
11
145
64
5,721
62
9
85
969
24,446
3,784
357
5,894
239
3,877
832
39
1,279
44
638
120
10
151
96
15,631
2,078
73
2,664
85
7,143
1.435
13
1.840
152
183
91
1
107
172
2,155
806
190
656
2
115
5
Ohio
6
Oklahoma
7
23
1,209
200
52
269
165
99
150
2
Oregon
15
69
2,294
464
109
571
341
3
402
2
Pennsylvania
52
120
9,458
1,964
219
2,530
1,389
132
727
3
8
17
9
23
17
53
57
137
756
1,391
253
2,317
119
237
23
507
33
49
15
80
145
937
16
925
92
700
7
665
30
10
13
53
172
57
319
-
2
1
Texas
310
416
8,337
2,429
609
9,335
5.730
2,030
3,833
59
Utah
7
69
836
228
60
232
139
49
200
Vermont
6
15
1,152
76
15
159
116
4
159
10,225
591
4,499
854
255
1,796
958
2,076
494
25
Washington
127
222
3,505
687
245
1,750
938
136
1,313
8
West Virginia
4
27
456
51
6
108
65
3
53
-
Wisconsin
16
55
3,467
507
73
769
477
2
260
5
Wyoming
1
23
299
20
15
29
6
1
59
Guam
23
170
7
86
1,726
621
1
7
5
42
20
4,673
113
12
2,875
281
30
7,953
31
7
1,254
27
7
318
837
53
3,490
373
30
1,839
7
2
501
11
1
1,088
4
Unknown
50
1 Excludes the following classes of admission processed in the Nonimmigrant Informauon System: for all countries— 1 13.542 parolees, 21,567 withdrawals and
stowaways, and 95,576 refugees. ' Includes arrivals under the Visa Waiver Pilot program. See Nonimmigrant section of text. ' Includes spouses and unmarried
minor (or dependent) children. ' Includes foreign government officials and their spouses and unmamed minor (or dependent) children in transit. ' Includes minor
children of fiances(ees).
NOTE: See Glossary for detailed descriptions of classes of admission.
Represents zero.
129
V. NATURALIZATIONS
Naturalization refers to the conferring of U.S. citizenship,
by any means, upon a person after birth. There are five
ways of becoming a U.S. citizen: naturalization in a court
ceremony; naturalization through an administrative
hearing; derivation through the naturalization of parents;
acquisition at birth abroad to citizen parents; and
legislation conferring citizenship upon certain groups of
persons (see Limitations of Data). As part of the
naturalization process, applicants pledge an oath of
allegiance to the United States, thereby renouncing
allegiance to their former countries of nationality.
A total of 445,853 persons were reported naturalized in
fiscal year 1995, reaching the record level set in 1944
during World War II. Naturalizations, which declined
sharply immediately after the war, have increased since
1950. This trend accelerated during the 1990s due to a
number of factors. In fiscal year 1992, INS initiated a
"Green Card Replacement Program," which required
long-term permanent residents to replace their permanent
resident alien cards with new, more counterfeit-resistant
cards. Many aliens chose to naturalize rather than apply
for a new card. Also, beginning in fiscal year 1994, the
first of the 2.68 million illegal aliens who were granted
legal permanent residence under the provisions of the
Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRC A) of 1986
became eligible to naturalize. Naturalizations are
expected to increase as more IRCA-legalized aliens
become eligible to apply for citizenship. Fiscal year 1995
marked the implementation of the Citizenship USA
initiative which was designed to expedite the
naturalization process.
Naturalization Program
To naturalize, an immigrant must fulfill certain
requirements set forth in the Immigration and Nationality
Act concerning age, lawful admission, and residence in
the United States. These general naturalization provisions
specify that an alien must: be at least 18 years of age;
have been lawfully admitted to the United States for
permanent residence; and have resided in the country
continuously for at least 5 years. Additional requirements
include the ability to speak, read, and write the English
language; knowledge of the U.S. government and U.S.
history; and good moral character. In fiscal year 1995, 92
percent of immigrants naturalized under the general
provisions (Chart N). The remaining immigrants who
naturalize do so under the special provisions.
The special provisions of naturalization law exempt aliens
from one or more of the requirements of the general
provisions. Spouses and children of U.S. citizens and
military classes constitute the main special naturalization
categories. The majority of people naturalizing as spouses
of U.S. citizens may do so in 3 years rather than the 5 years
prescribed under the general provisions.
Children who immigrate with their parents generally do
not apply to naturalize, but derive U.S. citizenship through
the naturalization of their parents. Children adopted by
U.S. citizens may apply to become U.S. citizens, although
they are no longer required to do so, since they are eligible
for administrative naturalization by the INS. These
children may be naturalized in court ceremonies prior to
reaching age 18; there are no residency requirements.
Under certain conditions, aliens who served honorably
during World War I, World War II, the Korean Conflict, the
Vietnam Conflict, or the Grenada Campaign may
naturalize without prior admission to permanent resident
status. Also, they need not have resided in the United
States for a particular length of time. Lawful permanent
resident aliens who have served honorably in the Armed
Forces of the United States for as many as 3 years also are
entitled to certain exemptions from the general
naturalization requirements. Special provisions accounted
for about 7 percent of the total number of naturalizations
during fiscal year 1995; the military and other provisions
represented about 1 percent.
Nearly 446,000 people were
naturalized during 1995.
Every applicant for naturalization must file an application,
Form N-400 (Application to File Petition for
Naturalization) or Form N-402 (Application to File
Petition for Naturalization in Behalf of Child). All aliens
filing these applications who meet the preliminary
documentary requirements must be interviewed by INS
officers to determine their eligibility to naturalize. During
the interview the officer discerns the applicant's
knowledge and understanding of the English language as
well as of the history and government of the United States.
Recently, applicants have been allowed to take
standardized tests that are used to determine knowledge
and abilities. Those applicants found qualified are
scheduled for a final hearing before a judge who performs
the naturalization ceremony. Alternatively, since 1992,
many applicants have had the option of taking the oath in
an administrative hearing conducted by the INS.
130
Thousands
450 -i
375 -
300 -
225 -
150 -
75 -
1908
Chart N
Persons Naturalized by Provision of Law: Fiscal Years 1908-95
I I Special provisions and unknown
| General provisions
1918
1928
1938
1948
1958
1968
1978
1988 1995
Source: 1987-95, Table 45; 1908-86, previous Yearbooks.
Data Overview
Until the 1970s, the majority of persons naturalized in the
United States were born in Europe. After the passage of
the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) Amendments
of 1965, which eliminated country quotas that favored
Western European immigration, Europe's share of
naturalizations declined. Asia's share increased due to the
1965 INA Amendments and the arrival of Indochinese
refugees in the 1970s and 1980s. Asian immigrants also
have had historically higher naturalization rates than
Europeans. Since 1976, Asia has been the leading region
of birth among persons naturalized.
The origins of persons naturalizing each year underwent
another shift in the 1990s. As the annual number of
naturalizations accelerated, the share born in Asian
countries decreased while the proportion from North
American countries increased. Asia was the region of
birth of 48.8 percent of persons naturalizing during the
1980s and 46.5 percent during the first half of the 1990s
(1991-95) (Chart O). In fiscal year 1995, however, Asia
accounted for only 39.1 percent (174,188) of all
naturalizations. North America's share of all persons
naturalizing increased from 26.2 percent during the 1980s
to 28.8 percent during 1991-95. In fiscal year 1995, a total
of 155,449 or 34.9 percent of all naturalized citizens were
born in North American countries, up 28.5 percent from
the 120,991 in fiscal year 1994.
Immigration resulting from IRCA provisions was partly
responsible for the increase in North American
naturalizations between fiscal years 1994 and 1995. The
number of aliens legalized under IRCA who became
naturalized citizens increased from 10,615 in 1994 to 56,047
in 1995. Naturalizations from this group are expected to
continue to climb as the number eligible to apply for
citizenship increases; by the end of fiscal year 1996 the
number eligible is projected to reach about 2.5 million.
Mexico was the leading country of birth of persons
naturalized in 1995 with 67,277. This represents a 71
percent increase over 1994. About one-quarter of Mexican
naturalizations resulted from IRCA legalization provisions.
Other leading countries include the Philippines (33,694),
Vietnam (28,156), the People's Republic of China
(20,538), India (17,957), and Cuba (16,975).
Between 1965 and 1992, the median number of years of
residence between immigration and naturalization was 7 to
131
Chart O
Persons Naturalized by Decade and Selected Region of Birth: Fiscal Years 1961-95
1961-70
South America — 2.2% 1 . Other— 1.5%
North America— 20.9%
South America —
6.5%
1981-90
Other— 3.1%
North America — 26.2%
1971-80
South America— 5.3% 1 i Other— 2.3%
North America— 28.1%
South America —
8.0%
North America— 28.8%
Source: 1995, Table 53; 1961-94, previous Yearbooks.
8 years. Following the introduction of the "Green Card
Replacement Program", however, the median number of
years of residence increased to 9 years in 1993 and 10
years in 1994, as long-term residents opted for
naturalization over replacement of their permanent alien
cards. The number of persons naturalized who resided in
the United States prior to 1978 continued to increase in
1995 (Chart P). In fiscal year 1995, the median length of
residence was 9 years (Table K) and it would have been 1 1
years were it not for the naturalization of IRCA legalized
aliens whose median duration of residence was 6 years.
Long-standing regional variation in years of residence
persisted in fiscal year 1995. Median years of residence in
1995 was 6 years for naturalizing citizens born in Africa, 7
years for Asians, 9 years for Europeans, 10 years for
South Americans, and 14 years for North Americans.
Data Collection
Data on persons naturalized in the United States are collected
by approximately 65 INS offices where permanent aliens
intending to naturalize file their applications. The INS
compiles two types of data on naturalizations: workload
statistics and data on the characteristics of aliens who have
completed the naturalization process. The workload data
consist of the number of naturalization applications received,
the number of petitions filed with courts, and the number of
aliens naturalized during a fiscal year.
132
Table K
Median Years of Residence by Year of Naturalization and Region of Birth:
Selected Fiscal Years 1965-95
Region of birth
1995
1990
1985
1980
1975
1970
1965
Persons naturalized
Europe
Asia
Africa
Oceania
North America ...
South America ..,
9
10
9
10
8
9
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
6
6
6
11
10
8
8
7
9
8
14
11
13
11
9
7
9
10
9
8
9
10
7
7
Data on the characteristics of aliens who have naturalized
in a fiscal year also are collected by INS offices where
aliens file their naturalization applications. These detailed
characteristics are reported either through the manual
coding of data taken from the naturalization application or
through the automated Naturalization Casework System
(NACS), an application tracking system which has been
implemented in the larger INS offices. The data collected
on aliens naturalized include demographic variables (e.g.,
date and country of birth, sex, marital status, and
occupation) as well as immigration-oriented variables (e.g.,
date of admission for permanent residence and section of
naturalization law).
Limitations of Data
Data on naturalizations compiled by the INS are limited
to permanent residents who have naturalized in court
ceremonies or at administrative hearings. The data
include those naturalizing as principals (Form N-400)
and children whose parents are already U.S. citizens
(Form N-402). Currently, individuals who derive or
acquire U.S. citizenship are not included in the data
collected by the INS. Data on those persons who, as
children, automatically derive citizenship through their
naturalizing parents, are collected only when a copy of
the certificate of citizenship is requested from the INS on
Form N-600. This document may be requested at the
time the parents (principal aliens) become naturalized or
any time thereafter. No information is available for
children who automatically derive citizenship without a
request being made for certificates of naturalization.
Thus, the number of children deriving citizenship
through the naturalization of their parents each year is
unknown.
Aliens who become U.S. citizens through the legislative
process also are not covered in data collected by the INS.
A recent example of the legislative procedure occurred
upon the dissolution of the Trust Territory of the Pacific
through which the Northern Mariana Islands became a
commonwealth of the United States, making its residents
U.S. citizens.
The records for fiscal year 1995 are relatively complete
with few exceptions. Data for fiscal year 1994 had fewer
complete records because some offices entered data on
naturalized person on an automated system that did not
include all of the variables in the statistical system.
Chart P
Naturalizations of Immigrants in Residence
before 1978 by Year of Naturalization:
Fiscal Years 1989-95
Thousands
120
100
80 -t
60
40
20
0
n
i i
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
133
Naturalization Rates
While every immigrant admitted to the United States has
the right to become a naturalized citizen after fulfilling the
requirements, large numbers of them never become
citizens. The term "naturalization rate" refers to the
proportion of immigrants who have gained citizenship
through naturalization. Naturalization rates vary greatly
among different categories of immigrants. For example,
immigrants who are young adults when they arrive, or who
come from distant parts of the world such as Asia and
Africa, tend to have higher naturalization rates than other
groups. Persons admitted in certain classes of admission,
such as those reserved for refugees and immigrants in
professional occupations, also are very likely to naturalize.
Linked-Records Method
The most precise way of calculating naturalization rates
would be to compare the number of persons who naturalize
with the number eligible to do so. Persons who become
citizens in any given year would be drawn from the
population of immigrants in all previous years who were
alive, remained in the United States, and served the
required waiting period of 5 years (or less for some
categories of immigrants). However, the exact size of the
total eligible population is very difficult to estimate,
because it contains the cumulative effect of many decades
of immigrant experience, and some vital information such
as emigration and mortality is not collected. As an
alternative to such an approach, the Immigration and
Naturalization Service has been following the
naturalization experience of two immigration-year
cohorts, those of 1977 and 1982, and estimating their
naturalization rates. Without further systematic study, it is
unclear to what extent (if any) these two groups represent
the entire immigrant population; however, estimations of
this nature do provide some insights and empirical data.
These estimates are derived by linking the statistical
records of the 1977 and 1982 immigrant groups with
naturalization records starting in the year they became
immigrants and for each subsequent year. Record
linkages have been completed for all years through 1995,
and the naturalization rates based on these linked records
form the basis for this analysis. The calculations exclude
persons who were under age 16 in the year they became
permanent resident aliens. Because children under 16
may automatically derive U.S. citizenship based on the
naturalization of their parents, many children gain
Chart Q
Naturalizations Through Fiscal Year 1995 of Immigrants Admitted in Fiscal Year 1977 by Year
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
Thousands 0
Percent
Naturalized
2
.8
1.1
1.9
1.3
4.6
7.7
6.9
4.4
2.8
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.2
.9
1.0
2.2
2.1
1.6
10
15
20
25
30
134
citizenship without having a record created for them in an
INS data base. Since we know from annual naturalization
data that the median number of years of residence for
persons naturalizing is 8 to 9 years, an adequate period of
time for analysis of these cohorts' naturalization patterns
has elapsed. By the end of 1995, 45.9 percent of the 1977
immigrant cohort and 41.5 percent of the 1982 cohort had
become naturalized citizens.
Data Overview
As Chart Q shows, naturalizations of the 1977 immigrant
cohort peaked during their sixth and seventh years (1983
and 1984) following admission as an immigrant. The
annual numbers becoming citizens from this cohort
declined beginning in 1984, and reached a low point in
1991. There was a small surge of naturalization during
1993 and 1994. This increase was generally thought to be
due in part to the "Green Card Replacement Program"
described earlier. Immigrants from the 1977 cohort will
continue to naturalize for many years, since more than half
of these immigrants have not yet naturalized. The early,
small peak of persons who naturalized during their third
year (1980) reflects the fact that some categories of
immigrants are eligible to naturalize in fewer than 5 years,
especially spouses of U.S. citizens, for whom the waiting
period is 3 years (see Naturalization Program).
Another large category of immigrants in the 1977 cohort
was Cuban refugees, many of whom had lived in the
United States since the 1960s and adjusted to immigrant
status under the provisions of the Cuban Adjustment Act
of 1966. That legislation established an artificial "date of
admission" as 30 months prior to the date of adjustment of
status, which gave most of the 1977 Cuban immigrant
cohort an admission date in 1974 or early 1975 for
naturalization purposes.
Naturalizations of the 1982 immigrant cohort, displayed in
Table L, peaked during their sixth year (1988) following
Table L
Naturalizations Through Fiscal Year 1995 of Immigrants Admitted in Fiscal Years 1977
and 1982 by Year
Years since admission
to immigrant status
Number naturalized
Cumulative percent naturalized
1977 cohort
1982 cohort
1977 cohort
1982 cohort
161,438
185,726
45.9
41.5
574
308
.2
.1
2,907
663
1.0
.2
3,848
1,430
2.1
.5
6,626
11,118
4.0
3.0
4,597
20,181
5.3
7.5
16,319
28,657
9.9
13.9
27,121
39,514
17.6
22.8
24,462
25,195
24.6
28.4
15,366
16,372
28.9
32.0
9,790
10,259
31.7
34.3
6,539
8,272
33.6
36.2
6,039
9,048
35.3
38.2
5,283
9,403
36.8
40.3
4,248
5,229
38.0
41.5
3,226
X
38.9
X
3,543
X
39.9
X
7,864
X
42.1
X
7,497
X
44.3
X
5,523
X
45.8
X
X
X
X
X
Total naturalized
Less than 1 year
1 - less than 2 years
2 - less than 3 years
3 - less than 4 years ....
4 - less than 5 years
5 - less than 6 years
6 - less than 7 years ....
7 - less than 8 years ....
8 - less than 9 years ....
9 - less than 10 years ..
10- less than 11 years
11 - less than 12 years
1 2 - less than 1 3 years
13 - less than 14 years
14 - less than 15 years
15 - less than 16 years
16 - less than 17 years
17 - less than 18 years
18 - less than 19 years
19 - less than 20 years
Unknown
X Not applicable.
66
77
135
admission to immigrant status. Like the 1977 cohort, the
1982 immigrants will continue to naturalize for many
years, but unlike it, the 1982 cohort did not contain a large
number of persons eligible to become citizens before the
usual 5-year waiting period had passed. A comparison of
the cumulative naturalization rates for the two arrival
cohorts (displayed in the last two columns of Table L)
shows that during their first 3 years after gaining
immigrant status, the 1977 cohort was naturalizing at a
higher rate, but since the fourth year, the 1982 cohort has
been naturalizing more rapidly. By the end of the
fourteenth year, the naturalization rate of the 1982 cohort
was running about 3.5 percentage points above that of the
1977 cohort.
Immigrants who have not naturalized in these cohorts to
date may be divided analytically into three categories:
those who die before naturalizing; those who emigrate
before naturalizing; and those who either do not apply or
are not approved. There may be several explanations for
the last category: problems in meeting the requirements of
the naturalization process, such as fees; requirements for
passing examinations in English language, history, and
civics; necessity of showing "good moral character"; or
personal decisions not to apply for various reasons.
Age at the time of immigration plays a key role in
determining who naturalizes and who does not. In the
1977 cohort, the probability of naturalizing is highest for
persons who were 25 years old when they became
immigrants; about 54 percent of that group became
citizens by 1995. The pattern differs somewhat in the
1982 cohort, with people who became immigrants at age
18 being the most likely (49 percent) to have naturalized
(Chart R). In both cohorts, persons in their late teens
through their early thirties at the time of immigration
generally are most likely to naturalize, and the rate
declines steadily among older immigrants. In the 1977
cohort, age 43 is the dividing line for naturalization rates
above and below the average, but in the 1982 cohort, the
comparable division is at age 35. The very low rates of
naturalization for the elderly may reflect their higher death
rates as well as other factors.
Naturalization rates also differ greatly by the original
immigrant visa category, although changes in the
immigration laws since these cohorts entered have made
some of the categories less relevant to understanding
naturalization patterns among more recent arrivals.
Approximately 71 percent of the 1977 third preference
immigrants, members of the professions and their
immediate families, had become citizens by 1995. Among
the six immigrant preference categories in the 1982 cohort,
the professionals and their immediate families had the
highest naturalization rate (52.2 percent) by 1995.
Chart R
Naturalization Rates Through Fiscal Year 1995
of Immigrants Admitted in Fiscal
Years 1977 and 1982 by Age
Naturalization rate (percent)
60
50
40
30
20
io H
o
Fiscal year 1977 immigrants
Fiscal year 1982 immigrants
Age 16 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70+
More than 67 percent of the 1977 immigrants admitted
under the old seventh preference, the category reserved
for refugees at that time, had naturalized by 1995.
Though new laws governed the admission of refugees by
1982, most refugee groups were still very likely to
naturalize. Persons granted political asylum in 1982
under the Refugee Act of 1980 had a naturalization rate
of 61.4 percent by 1995, while 53 percent of those
admitted as refugees under the same law had naturalized.
Immigrants admitted under the Indochinese Refugee Act
of 1977 had a 54.8 percent naturalization rate, while 50.9
percent of refugee-parolees admitted under a 1978 law
naturalized by 1995.
For the 1977 cohort, among the major immigrant
categories, the lowest naturalization rates are observed
among the former category of numerically-limited
Western Hemisphere immigrants (30.3 percent),
immediate relatives of U.S. citizens (37.3 percent), and
the former category of nonpreference immigrants (42.2
percent). Immigrants admitted as fiances or fiancees of
U.S. citizens, and their minor children, have a 44.8
percent rate, slightly below the cohort average.
Continuing the trend of the 1977 cohort, immediate
relatives of U.S. citizens in the 1982 cohort have the
lowest naturalization rate of the major immigrant
categories, at 31.4 percent.
The differing tendency to naturalize among immigrants
from different parts of the world is especially striking. In
136
general, immigrants from Asia, Africa, and Eastern Europe
are very likely to naturalize, while immigrants from
Western Europe and the Western Hemisphere are less
likely to do so. Some interesting exceptions are observed;
for example, few Japanese immigrants become U.S.
citizens. Tables M and N display the 20 countries that
were the largest sources of immigrants aged 16 or older in
the 1977 and 1982 cohorts, respectively, with the
corresponding numbers who have naturalized through
1995 and their naturalization rates.
For the 1977 cohort (Table M), naturalization rates range
from a high of 65.5 percent naturalized for immigrants
from the People's Republic of China to a low of 16.8
percent of immigrants from Germany. For the 1982 cohort
(Table N), all of the countries with above average
naturalization rates are Asian except for the former Soviet
Union and Guyana. The naturalization rate for persons
who immigrated from Taiwan in 1982 had reached 70.9
percent by 1995, while the lowest rate was observed
among Germans, 10.6 percent.
Among the countries that appear in the top 20 in both
years, the 1982 cohort's rates are lower, partly because
they have had less time to naturalize, but in some cases the
decline in the rate is greater than would be expected due to
the time factor alone. The decline is particularly large
among immigrants from Korea, Cuba, Jamaica, and India.
The overall higher rate at which the 1982 cohort is
naturalizing despite the observed lower rate for many
major source countries appears to be explained by the
different composition of the two immigrant cohorts. In
1982, more of the top 20 source countries were in Asia,
and a higher proportion of the immigrants had entered as
refugees.
Substantial differences in naturalization rates can also be
seen among immigrants in different occupational
categories. In general, immigrants in high status
occupations, particularly medical professionals and
engineers, have the highest naturalization rates.
Categories of immigrants without a current attachment to
the labor force, such as those who report themselves to be
unemployed or retired, and those with farming, forestry,
and fishing related occupations, have the lowest
naturalization rates.
Significant differences in naturalization rates are found
among persons by marital status. Among the 1977 cohort,
approximately 54.1 percent of those who were single at
the time of immigration have become citizens, while only
about 43.1 percent of those who were married at that time
have done so. A similar pattern is also observed for the
1982 cohort. The naturalization rates are 49.4 percent and
38.2 percent, respectively.
Limitations of Linked-Records Method
This analysis is based on linking the records of individuals
who became immigrants in 1977 and 1982 with
Table M
Naturalization Rates Through Fiscal Year 1995 of Immigrants Admitted in Fiscal Year 1977
by Selected Country of Birth
Immigrants in 1977 '
Country of birth Number Naturalizations Rate .
admitted through 1995
Immigrants in 1977 '
Country of birth Number Naturalizations
admitted through 1995
All countries 352,070
China, People's Rep. 1 4,42 1
Soviet Union 4,535
Philippines 31,686
Guyana 4,115
Korea 19,824
India 15,033
Colombia 6,138
Cuba 57,023
Jamaica 7,896
Haiti 4,268
161,438
45.9
9,444
65.5
2,965
65.4
20,094
63.4
2,439
59.3
11,745
59.2
8,877
59.1
3,126
50.9
26,668
46.8
3,587
45.4
1,841
43.1
Trinidad & Tobago . 4,516
Greece 6,577
Ecuador 4,063
Portugal 6,964
Dominican Republic 8,955
United Kingdom .... 8,982
Mexico 30,967
Italy 5,843
Canada 9,000
Germany 4,899
Other 96,365
1,722
38.1
2,208
33.6
1,319
32.5
2,051
29.5
2,561
28.6
2,032
22.6
6,869
22.2
1,131
19.4
1,626
18.1
824
16.8
48,309
50.1
Ages 16 and over. Naturalizations through 1995 divided by the number of immigrants admitted
137
Table N
Naturalization Rates Through Fiscal Year 1995 of Immigrants Admitted in Fiscal Year 1982
by Selected Country of Birth
Country of birth
Immigrants in 1982
Number
admitted
Naturalizations
through 1995
Rate
Country of birth
Immigrants in 1982
Number
admitted
Naturalizations
through 1995
Rate
All countries .... 447,766 185,726 41.5
Taiwan 7,304 5,182 70.9
Vietnam 49,721 31,407 63.2
Philippines 36,015 22,555 62.6
Soviet Union 11,837 7,234 61.1
Guyana 6,800 3,751 55.2
Iran 9,231 4,982 54.0
China, People's Rep. 23,409 12,183 52.0
Cambodia 8,921 3,928 44.0
India 17,902 7,829 43.7
Colombia 6,637 2,522 38.0
Korea 23,000 8,472 36.8
Laos 22,480 7,405 32.9
Haiti 6,904 2,222 32.2
Cuba 6,955 2,142 30.8
Jamaica 13,213 3,957 29.9
Dominican Republic 12,951 2,916 22.5
United Kingdom .... 11,325 1,921 17.0
Mexico 41,929 6,037 14.4
Canada 7,787 981 12.6
Germany 5,707 606 10.6
Other 117,738 47,494 40.3
Ages 16 and over. Naturalizations through 1995 divided by the number of immigrants admitted.
subsequent years' naturalization records pertaining to those
same individuals. Errors in either record may prevent a
successful match, so some people who did naturalize may
be classified as not having done so. This would cause the
calculated naturalization rates to be underestimated. The
rates are also underestimated to the extent that immigrants
die before naturalizing. However, due to the relatively
young age structure of these two immigrant cohorts, the
effect of the latter factor is believed to be relatively small.
The record linkage work was performed anew for this
analysis. In the 1977 cohort, the data linkage added 15,503
matched naturalization records for persons aged 16 and
older, of which 7,755 persons were naturalized in calendar
year 1995 and 7,711 in calendar year 1994. For the 1982
cohort, the record linkage work added 17,265 records,
including 7,949 persons who naturalized in calendar year
1995. Small changes also appear for both cohorts in the
distribution of years of naturalization beginning in fiscal
year 1987, compared to the figures published in the 1994
Statistical Yearbook.
The naturalization rates reported here represent the
cumulative experience of the 1977 and 1982 immigrant
cohorts through 1995. These rates will continue to increase
over time as more of these immigrants become citizens.
Because of new programs recently implemented by the
Immigration and Naturalization Service (such as the
Citizenship U.S.A. Program initiated in 1995), the yearly
increment is not predictable at this time. The experience of
these cohorts will continue to be reported in future
Yearbooks. This analysis covers only two cohorts. It is
possible that immigrants arriving in earlier or later years
behave differently with regard to naturalization, as
indicated by the differences noted between the two
cohorts.
Country-Cohort Method
Naturalization rates have been calculated using another
method, comparing immigration and naturalization cohorts
over a period of time by country of birth. Chart S shows
the number of immigrants admitted from the 15 leading
countries of birth who entered the United States during the
1970-79 period, and the number of persons from those
countries who naturalized during 1970-95 and reported
entry during 1970-79. The rates computed by the country-
cohort method generally correspond to the naturalization
rates calculated by the record-linkage method, despite the
fact that the country-cohort method is less precise.
Overall, nearly 45 percent of the immigrants who entered
in the 1970-79 period had naturalized by the end of fiscal
year 1995.
Of the 15 countries with the greatest number of
immigrants in the 1970-79 country cohorts, Asian
countries have the highest naturalization rates. Vietnam
had the highest rate at 96.2 percent, followed by China
(the People's Republic and Taiwan combined) (69.9
percent), the Philippines (66.5 percent), Korea (62.6
138
percent), and India (60.8 percent). The two countries with
the lowest rates are contiguous to the United
States — Canada (18.4 percent) and Mexico (21.7 percent).
Other countries within North America have higher rates of
naturalization, including Cuba (37.3 percent) and Jamaica
(40.3 percent). Naturalization rates for European countries
range from a low of 26. 1 percent for the United Kingdom to
a high of 42.4 percent for Greece.
Limitations of Country-Cohort Method
The country-cohort results are not as precise as those
calculated by linking individual records because persons
under the age of 16 who may have derived their citizenship
are included in the number of immigrants in the denominator
but are not counted as naturalizations in the numerator.
Other errors may result from misreporting of the year of
initial entry in either the immigrant or naturalized citizen
records. On the other hand, by combining immigrants from
several years, the country-cohort method may avoid possible
bias from unusual immigrant characteristics in any single
year. The naturalization rate of 96.2 percent calculated for
Vietnamese in the 1970-79 cohorts is substantially higher
than the 70.2 percent naturalization rate through 1995
observed among Vietnamese in the 1977 cohort alone. The
1970-79 cohort figures are dominated by the large number
of Vietnamese refugees who arrived in 1975 and became
permanent resident aliens in 1978, the first year they were
allowed to adjust their status under the Indochina Refugee
Act.
Chart S
Immigrants Admitted, Calendar Years 1970-79 by Selected Country of Birth
and Naturalizations of Those Immigrants: Fiscal Years 1970-95
Percent
Naturalized
Mexico
^m^/////z
v////////
2 21-7
Philippines
^m^^m^^zzzzl
'//A
| Natural
%7^\ Notnati
zed
jralized
66.5
Cuba
^mmk//////,>////A
ants I
37.3
Korea
^^^^//Zm
62.6
China
India
Vietnam
M^p. . .1
W//A
Total immigi
admitted
69.9
60.8
96.2
Dominican Republic
Italy
Jamaica
United Kingdom
Canada
Portugal
Greece
Colombia
W/////A
M//////A
VM////A
W////A
W/////A
W////A
W///X
32.0
27.4
40.3
26.1
18.4
35.8
42.4
50.9
Thousands
) 100 200 300 400 500 6(
)0
NOTE: China includes (he People's Republic of China and Taiwan
139
TABLE 44. PETITIONS FOR NATURALIZATIONS FILED, PERSONS NATURALIZED,
AND PETITIONS FOR NATURALIZATIONS DENIED
FISCAL YEAR 1907-95
Persons naturalized
Military
Not reported
Petitions denied
15,885,173
164,036
1,381.384
1,884,277
1,637,113
1,938,066
1,230,483
1,142,985
138,718
129,682
121,170
113,218
106,813
104,853
108,369
103,085
102,317
114,760
1,556,307
109,897
121,883
126,929
136,175
149,399
157,932
41,220
186,354
168,854
165,434
192,230
2375,727
171,073
201,507
187,719
286,440
305,981
290,732
232,988
237,752
227,692
233,843
2,574,795
206,668
342,269
522.298
543,353
960,207
14^24,875
111,738
1,128,972
1,773,185
1,518,464
1,987,028
1,189,946
1,120363
132,450
127,307
124,178
112,234
104,299
103,059
104,902
102,726
98,709
110,399
1,464,772
108,407
116,215
120,740
131,655
141,537
142,504
48,218
159,873
173,535
164,150
157,938
2314,265
166,317
173,688
178,948
197,023
244,717
280,623
227,008
242.063
233,777
270,101
1,716,242
308,058
240,252
314,681
407,398
445,853
13,474393
111,738
884,672
1,716,979
1,498,573
1.837,229
1.148,241
1,084,195
130,731
124,972
121,618
109,629
101,214
100,498
102,211
100,288
93,251
99,783
1397,846
98,858
107,740
1 12,944
124,807
135.323
136,873
46,705
154,568
168,409
158,276
153,343
2,155,519
162,227
170,071
175,678
192,113
238,394
275,352
224,100
239.541
231,198
246,845
1,639,401
299,373
222,519
303,211
375,827
438,471
666,968
244,300
56,206
19,891
149,799
41,705
36,068
1,719
2,335
2,560
2,605
3,085
2,561
2,691
2,438
5,458
10,616
66,926
9,549
8,475
7,796
6,848
6,214
5,631
1,513
5,305
5,126
5,874
4,595
28,317
4,090
3,617
3,196
2,965
3,266
2,901
2,402
2,296
1,954
1,630
23,756
1,804
5,702
7,069
5,713
3,468
83314
30,429
74
1,945
3,057
2,370
506
226
625
21,626
53,085
6,881
12,031
4,401
25,858
3,914
690,658
17,702
118,725
165,493
45,792
64,814
27,569
23,557
3,175
3,557
2,436
2,309
2,059
2,029
2,008
1,962
2,043
1,979
27,978
2,028
1,837
1,708
2,210
2,300
2,231
568
2,845
3,894
3,987
4,370
47,224
4,316
3,994
3,160
3,373
3,610
5,980
6,771
4,304
5,200
6,516
151,804
6,268
19,293
39,931
40,561
45.751
- Represents zero.
NOTE: See Glossary for fiscal year definitions. See Naturalization section of text for an explanation of the data collected by the INS's workload measurement
system and INS data on characteristics of persons naturalized See Naturalization section of text for an explanation of the large number of naturalizations with
unreported information for 1990-92 and 1994.
140
TABLE 45. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY GENERAL AND SPECIAL NATURALIZATION PROVISIONS
FISCAL YEARS 1990-95
Naturalization provisions
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
270,101
308,058
240,252
314,681
407398
445,853
225,319
269,594
197,559
273,857
342,863
411,822
23,156
31,583
30,662
36,423
38,677
30,117
Persons married to U.S. citizens
15.126
21,833
19,151
22,392
24,941
22,222
Children, including adopted children, of U.S.
6,339
7,901
5,743
6,759
7,718
4,185
1,630
1,804
5,702
7,069
5,713
3,468
Persons who served in the U.S. armed forces
1,208
1,139
989
1,019
1,028
740
Persons who served in the U.S. armed
forces during World War I, World War II,
the Korean hostilities, the Vietnam
hostilities, or the Grenada campaign
418
625
429
500
194
208
3
Persons honorably discharged from the U.S.
armed forces following service in
World War II
4
5
2
4
1
-
Natives of the Philippines who served
honorably in the Philippine Army during
World War II
X
61
35
45
4.282
66
5,546
203
4,487
305
2,520
242
Surviving spouses of citizen members of the
armed forces of the United States
1
2
9
10
9
3
Employees of nonprofit organizations engaged
in disseminating information promoting
U.S. interests
1
3
1
1
2
1
Persons who served on certain U.S. vessels
19
12
14
21
27
21
Nationals but not citizens of the United States .
5
10
21
14
15
17
Philippine citizens who entered the United
States prior to May 1, 1934, and have
resided continuously in the United States ....
3
10
-
Certain inhabitants of the Virgin Islands who
renounced Danish citizenship
-
Former U.S. citizens who lost citizenship by
13
10
11
38
67
21
Former U.S. citizens who lost citizenship by
entering the armed forces of foreign
countries during World War II
1
1
3
1
2
3
Persons naturalized under private law
4
3
5
3
8
6
Persons who perform ministerial or priestly
functions of a religious order in the
United States
17
21,626
1
6,881
2
12,031
105
4,401
175
25.858
170
3,914
NOTE: See Naturalization section of text for explanation of the large number of naturalizations with unreported information for 1990-92 and 1994.
- Represents zero. X Not applicable.
141
TABLE 46. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY SELECTED NATURALIZATION PROVISIONS
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Region and country
of former allegiance
Total
naturalized
General
provisions
Special provisions
Married to
U.S. citizens
Children of
U.S. parents
Military
AU countries
Europe
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Burma
Cambodia
China, People's Republic
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Kuwait
Laos
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Sri Lanka
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
Vietnam
Yemen
Other Asia
Africa
Cape Verde
Egypt
Ethiopia
Ghana
See footnotes al end of table.
142
445,853
66,027
264
206
225
570
215
1,431
3,450
2,086
799
1,873
3,939
189
210
694
7,845
3,901
3,187
16,172
739
259
434
14,143
2,619
577
168312
1,881
1,271
742
3,296
20,009
17,880
495
10,407
1,433
2,674
1.275
2,449
14,170
320
3,796
3,927
402
4,752
33,634
492
1,635
9,316
1,443
1.494
28,074
496
549
17,020
521
2,478
2,754
1,533
411,822
61,803
244
181
185
522
204
1,287
3,201
1,906
720
1,775
3,762
182
191
653
7,366
3,803
2,894
15,510
683
244
388
12,981
2,394
527
148,231
1,794
1,093
661
3,220
17,915
16,200
438
9,941
1,269
2,198
1,198
1,797
13,176
204
3,695
3,245
327
4,152
24,879
458
1,328
8,549
1,291
1,242
27,243
296
422
15,016
491
2,030
2,658
1,407
30,117
3,556
15
23
36
40
9
132
211
158
71
86
129
7
17
34
412
86
233
489
48
13
43
1,020
202
42
18J30
75
155
70
57
1,921
1,461
52
415
149
429
69
604
739
107
76
638
69
532
8,359
34
282
686
127
239
605
167
113
1,873
29
420
85
111
22,222
2,965
12
20
32
32
8
120
173
140
63
76
120
7
13
32
355
57
171
392
40
12
38
827
188
37
12,597
46
123
64
22
1,651
1,101
44
381
131
384
60
540
532
93
25
571
65
430
4,785
32
270
570
80
219
270
29
79
1,724
19
388
71
95
4,185
520
3
3
4
7
1
12
25
18
5
9
5
2
1
53
26
59
96
8
1
5
160
14
3
2,421
29
29
4
32
257
357
7
34
18
45
5
62
183
14
48
63
4
101
439
2
12
111
44
19
330
138
34
126
10
31
14
14
3,468
55
3,033
2
2
3
6
3
242
16
179
1
7
1
2
11
1
2
1
145
TABLE 46. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY SELECTED NATURALIZATION PROVISIONS
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Region and country
of former allegiance
Kenya
Liberia
Libya
Morocco
Niger
Nigeria
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
Sudan
Tanzania
Uganda
Other Africa
Oceania
Australia
Fiji
New Zealand
Tonga
Western Samoa
Other Oceania
North America
Canada
Mexico
Caribbean
Antigua-Barbuda
Bahamas, The
Barbados
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Haiti
Jamaica
St. Kitts & Nevis
St. Lucia
St. Vincent & Grenadines
Trinidad & Tobago
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Paraguay
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
Other South America
Stateless
Nol reported
- Represents zero.
Total
naturalized
318
722
186
625
208
4,412
554
202
748
173
184
218
1,184
1,774
258
681
229
216
182
208
155,284
7,598
67,238
54,792
658
204
1,263
16,994
396
9,892
717
7,855
10,949
555
395
476
4,438
25,656
738
1,055
11,505
4,327
2,758
3,610
1.663
36,544
2.510
1.102
1,206
1,200
12.333
5.126
5,533
208
5.571
655
1,041
59
540
General
provisions
286
664
173
359
189
3,965
506
182
672
121
171
204
938
1,621
239
635
209
208
163
167
150,202
7,171
65,916
52,724
633
188
1,220
16,884
375
9,202
697
7,563
10,444
542
365
454
4,157
24,391
717
991
11,203
4,126
2,565
3,415
1.374
34,145
2,370
1.039
1,032
1,125
11,663
4.953
5.183
153
5,028
631
923
45
515
Special provisions
27
50
10
254
18
426
43
20
74
48
13
12
233
128
17
43
17
6
13
32
4,210
371
1,092
1,654
13
16
33
77
14
563
13
227
388
9
24
14
263
1,093
17
56
262
167
156
177
258
2,082
127
53
154
59
579
144
295
33
496
20
108
14
24
14
Married to
U.S. citizens
19
45
10
254
16
392
41
20
69
42
10
11
222
95
12
37
15
6
12
13
3,134
288
849
1,145
8
13
22
46
12
379
8
170
239
6
19
7
216
852
12
35
210
105
Ii8
148
224
1,683
117
47
123
42
47S
II I
185
10
44-1
20
95
II
20
4
Children of
US parents
Military
774
60
148
379
52
104
5
21
187
18
39
56
36
289
22
93
126
4
3
8
12
1
12
143
TABLE 47. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE
FISCAL YEARS 1986-95
Region and country of
former allegiance
All countries
Europe
Austria
Czechoslovakia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union
Spain
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia ,
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Burma
Cambodia
China, People's Republic
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Kuwait
Laos
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Sri Lanka
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
Vietnam
Yemen
Other Asia
Africa
Cape Verde
Egypt
Ethiopia
Ghana
Kenya
Liberia
Morocco
Nigeria
Sierra Leone
South Africa
Other Africa
See footnotes at end of table
280,623
44,598
192
697
1,147
3.248
2.750
824
991
3.110
569
3,140
4,177
1,816
9,370
658
285
8,609
1,758
1.257
134,695
297
296
888
1,847
11.151
10,017
538
4,569
1,659
2,300
1,011
1,819
18,037
111
3,426
3,011
315
2.285
31.002
238
1,096
4,501
1,750
1.019
30.840
254
418
6334
101
1,888
474
497
225
109
253
211
66
1,296
1,214
227,008
36332
105
699
975
2,315
2,083
661
813
2,601
485
2,731
3,518
1,909
7,276
487
225
7,102
1,495
1,052
113392
528
334
634
2,816
9,208
8,659
425
4,277
1,316
1,740
752
1,700
14,233
94
3,159
2.350
336
1,976
25,296
236
890
4,033
1,327
980
25.469
229
395
5,956
196
1,731
714
434
197
159
239
159
96
884
1,147
242,063
36351
93
775
950
2,363
2,239
683
827
2,852
449
4,145
3,236
2,060
5.304
616
254
7,042
1,484
979
114,849
905
419
532
3,132
10,509
9,983
384
4,970
1,397
1,815
1,041
1,834
13,012
119
3,480
2,262
323
2,174
24,580
230
1,097
5,716
1.308
1.242
21,636
317
432
7,122
204
1,960
1,142
617
186
224
274
274
117
746
1,378
233,777
35,079
71
949
940
2,196
2,768
580
787
2,492
410
5,002
2,698
2,190
3,020
490
246
7,865
1,342
1,033
111,488
1,051
496
479
3,234
11,664
9,833
352
4,485
1,387
1,703
727
1,872
11,301
198
3,463
2,213
362
2,443
24,802
298
908
5,779
1,167
1,085
19,357
349
480
7,209
223
1,638
1,246
567
202
229
243
932
137
687
1,105
270,101
37,264
83
916
1,091
2,395
2,270
743
742
2,453
410
5,972
2,491
2,914
2,847
535
302
8,286
1,640
1,174
124,675
1.141
696
597
3,525
13,563
11,499
350
5.973
1.855
2,102
736
2,408
10,500
247
3,329
2,797
426
3,330
25,936
335
1,146
6,895
1,145
1,214
22,027
419
484
8,770
272
1,945
1,370
714
257
283
320
1,415
163
697
1,334
308,058
37,808
113
843
1,413
2,197
1,820
814
746
1,976
508
5,493
1,848
3,471
2,822
436
357
9,935
1,642
1.374
160367
1,392
874
827
4,786
16,783
12,961
603
10,411
1,641
2,789
938
2,493
12,266
301
3.594
3,570
477
3,670
33,714
464
1,480
10.876
1,379
1,349
29.603
590
536
10,230
178
2,644
1.453
669
273
356
365
1,775
194
883
1,440
240,252
30,781
100
676
1.124
1.901
1.769
608
738
1.618
378
4,681
1,884
2,457
1,648
462
310
7,800
1,452
1,175
121,965
1,047
967
454
2,749
13,488
13,413
309
6,778
1,196
2,376
621
2,297
8,297
299
3,052
2.881
388
3.350
28,579
333
1,200
6,408
962
1.124
18,357
528
512
9,628
226
2,098
1.505
692
237
359
396
1.862
187
650
1,416
314,681
42,162
199
629
1,239
2,554
2,135
624
1,079
3,495
471
5,551
3,978
2,699
2,763
615
393
10,158
2,198
1,382
145318
1,539
942
469
3,149
16,851
16,506
408
7,029
1,522
2,609
989
2,678
9,611
344
3,945
3,402
418
3.777
33.864
445
1,312
7.384
1,169
1,229
22,427
706
594
11,293
216
2,045
1,858
722
307
455
482
2,378
292
830
1,708
407398
61,476
277
670
1,698
3,590
2,538
777
1,615
5,622
687
6,857
5,997
3,250
6,708
794
560
15,003
2,917
1,916
173,550
1,884
1,151
692
3,754
20,828
20,454
451
8,746
1,635
3,041
1,292
2,836
11,389
409
5.643
4,255
484
4.455
37,304
489
1,631
9,450
1,467
1,555
26,833
768
654
15327
516
2,430
2,372
1.112
346
620
681
3.714
399
1,091
2,046
144
TABLE 47. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE
FISCAL YEARS 1986-95— Continued
Region and country of
former allegiance
Oceania
Fiji
Other Oceania
North America
Canada
Mexico
Caribbean ,
Antigua-Barbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Haiti
Jamaica
St. Kitts& Nevis
St. Lucia
St. Vincent & Grenadines
Trinidad & Tobago
Other Caribbean
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
Other South America ...
U.S. possessions
Stateless or not reported
1,057
368
689
899
787
807
442
178
036
818
165
5,980
250
2,608
6,563
75
66
103
1,476
124
9,863
366
968
2,628
1,841
1,400
1,343
1,317
16,925
1,593
514
615
1,242
5,156
1,870
2,784
2,180
337
468
166
13
3,102
902
377
525
54,794
2,919
21,999
21,751
205
794
6,738
266
4,257
290
1,936
5,196
154
221
205
1,427
62
8,125
316
658
2,428
1,490
964
1,118
1,151
13,945
1.194
401
466
955
4,006
1,519
2,694
1,844
379
373
114
3
1,484
779
353
426
65,096
2,947
22,085
31,110
550
896
11,228
421
5,842
360
2,350
6,441
325
281
250
2,079
87
8,954
426
726
2,291
1,358
1,229
1,363
1,561
16,972
1,288
448
553
1.040
5.021
1,774
3,535
2,255
406
490
162
31
863
868
436
432
61,954
2,922
18.520
31,952
490
931
9,514
436
6.454
413
3,692
6,455
405
249
263
2,552
98
8,560
373
676
2,001
1,281
1.167
1.271
1,791
16,503
1,246
424
564
887
4,736
1,671
3,654
2,267
381
521
152
52
624
881
374
507
64,730
3,644
17,564
34^20
339
970
10.291
399
5.984
459
5,009
6,762
265
204
279
3,198
161
9,202
389
589
2,410
1,280
1,259
1,520
1,755
19,548
1,466
471
674
866
5,540
2,052
4,306
2,829
433
751
160
52
14,181
1,045
477
568
71,838
4,441
22,066
34,025
478
852
9.554
550
6.368
456
4.436
6,838
699
286
324
3,033
151
11306
499
792
3,653
1,832
1,306
1,732
1,492
20,928
1,850
519
683
920
5,513
2,215
4,826
3,088
400
747
167
53
5,789
891
398
493
56,710
4,067
12,880
32,272
376
669
7,763
308
8,464
421
3,993
6,765
307
194
254
2,602
156
7,491
304
547
2,056
1,086
1,248
1,100
1.150
19,982
1.237
423
679
713
6,439
1,857
4,717
2.633
371
730
183
51
244
1,208
544
664
87,751
6,662
23,630
47,061
439
855
15,109
285
12,274
552
5,202
7,976
372
236
328
3,293
140
10,398
381
672
3,057
1,682
1,713
1,500
1.393
26,464
1,611
571
922
862
9,976
2,703
4,938
3.274
577
829
201
76
409
1,673
687
986
120,734
8,782
39,310
57300
613
1,423
15,896
382
11.399
815
7,982
12,173
578
378
533
4,896
232
15,342
560
965
4,998
2,625
2.123
2.269
1.802
33,974
2,245
783
1.298
1.129
12,067
3,791
6,066
4,520
654
1 ,075
346
101
563
1,650
681
969
155384
7,598
67,238
54,792
658
1,263
16,994
396
9,892
717
7,855
10.949
555
395
476
4,438
204
25,656
738
1,055
11.505
4.327
2.758
3.610
1,663
36344
2,510
1.102
1,206
1,200
12,333
5,126
5,533
5,571
655
1,041
267
124
NOTE: See Naturalizations section of text for an explanation of the large number of naturalizations with unreported information for 1990-91.
145
TABLE 48. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY SEX, MARITAL STATUS, AND MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP
FISCAL YEARS 1990-95
Sex, marital status, and occupation
Total
Male
Single
Married
Widowed
Divorced
Separated
Unknown
Female
Single
Married
Widowed
Divorced
Separated
Unknown
Not reported
Major occupation group:
Professional, technical, and kindred workers
Managers and administrators (except farm) .
Sales workers
Clerical
Craftsmen and kindred workers
Operatives and laborers
Farming, forestry, and fishing workers
Service workers
Homemakers, children, and others with
no occupation reported
270,101
127,847
38,723
79,082
1,054
7,788
531
669
127,096
30,040
82,822
4,433
8,452
574
775
15,158
23,876
14,058
13,938
25,421
16,270
29,105
1,253
31.655
114,525
308,058
151,620
46,383
92,913
1,353
10,161
491
319
150,140
36,798
96,610
5,350
10,570
478
334
6,298
25,479
15,776
17,435
40,778
13,826
21,136
1,195
57,643
114,790
240,252
120,430
31,596
75,328
1,391
8,251
236
3,628
114,273
25,029
72,841
4,498
8.153
250
3,502
5,549
23,456
13,659
10.437
29.759
11,211
20,602
1,316
21,889
107,923
314,681
155,910
40,667
102,320
2.109
10,511
171
132
157,980
34.279
103.094
7,817
12,501
138
151
791
27,954
24,047
15,379
34,926
15,353
27,893
1.735
27.749
1 39,645
407398
193,510
212,126
48,705
51,532
122,385
143,463
2,158
2,844
12,888
14,083
134
138
7,240
66
206,882
232,877
42,982
47,909
128,975
148,942
9,966
15,442
16,321
20,241
144
209
8,494
134
35,718
25,383
16,575
38,887
17,663
46,246
2.134
33,435
191,357
39,309
32.942
20,022
50,832
21,318
62.227
2,699
43,330
173,174
NOTE: See Naturalizations section of text for an explanation of the large number of naturalizations with unreported information for 1990-92 and 1994.
146
TABLE 49. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY STATE OF RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEARS 1986-95
State of residence
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
280,623
227,008
242,063
233,777
270,101
308,058
240,252
314,681
407398
445,853
Alabama
664
506
646
653
590
798
598
719
955
855
Alaska
577
509
622
490
607
463
793
530
649
675
Arizona
3.121
2,788
2,136
2,562
2,152
2,090
3,037
2,548
3,983
4,041
Arkansas
605
540
417
374
388
413
380
405
754
164
California
105,284
82,607
65,397
50,286
61,736
125,661
52,411
68.100
90,279
136,727
Colorado
2,490
1,878
2,252
2,535
1,414
2,004
1,402
2,732
3,185
3,744
3,650
2,589
3,209
3,938
3,895
4,221
5,070
6,125
5,461
6,400
Delaware
258
329
347
365
301
310
289
423
688
596
District of Columbia
817
385
696
832
613
569
786
773
1,305
1,417
20,366
8,041
15,589
14,216
22,978
23,281
21,129
26,628
35,389
30.950
Georgia
1,834
1,856
2,104
3,235
2,952
3,414
2,299
4,185
5,419
5,380
4,760
4,070
3,763
6,426
5,077
3,955
4,475
4,960
4,659
5,182
288
199
230
122
481
247
208
255
304
337
18,606
9,809
6,330
13,761
19,868
11,637
10,891
17,394
17,363
20,118
Indiana
1,275
807
1,148
806
1,085
1,014
1,323
1,395
1,607
1,432
Iowa
715
229
454
655
609
489
374
578
838
970
Kansas
1,226
1,268
1,360
1,119
899
681
911
1,085
1,063
1,131
Kentucky
675
630
438
572
514
338
567
534
777
677
Louisiana
2,575
1,406
2,115
1,847
1,882
1,145
1,709
2,016
1,660
2,699
318
354
214
377
342
280
400
584
473
639
Maryland
5,116
4,180
3,578
3,884
5,114
3,663
4,620
9,864
9,571
11,256
Massachusetts
6,187
5,219
4,640
5,928
5,923
4,810
7,381
6,574
14,589
11,721
3,758
3,869
3,764
2,588
5,295
4,282
2.616
6,091
7,730
8,076
Minnesota
2,295
1,623
1,107
2,045
2,126
1,862
1,850
1,921
2,985
762
Mississippi
381
239
259
423
301
300
315
426
382
386
Missouri
1,314
1,493
1,226
1,370
1,267
890
1,453
1,379
1,236
1,439
Montana
161
91
127
45
197
87
127
165
81
117
Nebraska
555
167
403
402
376
339
432
4,411
4,146
2,999
Nevada
1,254
1,302
1,228
1,382
1,209
1,026
1,533
1,518
1,935
2,897
New Hampshire
344
295
253
399
300
303
357
387
920
559
6,483
751
39,571
1,702
165
3,373
15,054
4
32,320
1,208
137
3,439
23,728
930
38,457
1,609
212
2,853
15.859
924
41,922
1,644
186
2,651
17,969
820
44,619
1,362
132
3,037
15,052
386
44,808
1,856
163
3,184
16,598
495
43,447
2,172
119
2,669
18,495
665
55,519
2,397
159
3,382
24,618
693
67,457
2,092
138
4,536
28,726
647
68.485
2,077
192
Ohio
3,205
Oklahoma
1,284
571
1,793
1,300
1,167
1,458
876
1,092
1,287
1,806
Oregon
1,473
1,335
1,566
1,985
1,736
1,867
1,994
2,146
2,480
1,807
Pennsylvania
4,117
6,663
5,900
5,606
4,218
4,323
3,839
7,236
9,671
9,587
1,476
558
168
1,033
1,310
484
69
911
1,219
1,112
96
1,004
1,025
1,028
144
1,015
1,970
761
87
1,002
927
713
117
1,043
1,043
670
62
979
1,720
675
85
1,039
2,303
1,392
151
1,573
1,536
1,031
103
Tennessee
635
Texas
13,439
13,266
18,625
17,372
24,529
16,266
17,631
26,403
25,146
32,255
Utah
1,335
875
1,152
787
866
585
649
950
1,157
1,558
Vermont
223
120
233
115
175
200
219
221
370
522
Virginia
4,892
3,335
5,000
6,799
5,606
5,353
4,662
7,141
8.043
10,270
Washington
2,684
3,261
4,915
4,485
3,519
3,289
4,307
5,741
6,868
10,976
West Virginia
235
241
267
199
176
261
137
205
229
318
Wisconsin
1,462
829
1,406
940
477
1,499
681
6
11
950
Wyoming
143
67
119
84
72
57
50
43
120
125
U.S. territories and
possessions
Guam
1,274
1,156
1,297
1,469
1,146
1,318
987
1,131
1,445
1,465
Northern Mariana Is
17
24
32
37
53
653
235
270
454
1,705
738
1,061
1,433
1,054
180
853
1,449
1,947
538
1,852
752
1,486
1,116
4
1,204
Other or unknown
425
351
75
107
2,930
442
3,721
889
22,593
1,970
NOTE: See Naturalizations section of text for an explanation of the large number of naturalizations with unreported information for 1990. 1992 and 1994
- Represents zero.
147
TABLE 50. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE
AND STATE OF RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995
All
China.
"
El
Slate of residence
countries
Canada
'eople's Rep.
Colombia
Cuba
Republic
Salvador
Haiti
India
Iran
Total
445,853
7,598
20,009
12333
16,994
9,892
11,505
7,855
17,880
10,407
Alabama
855
24
23
9
7
6
1
101
33
Alaska
675
31
7
14
1
21
7
5
5
Arizona
4,041
121
70
44
16
6
50
6
113
100
Arkansas
164
1
7
2
3
2
15
3
California
136,727
1,312
9,135
1,050
1,478
75
5,446
59
3,280
5,257
Colorado
3,744
150
103
41
19
12
37
1
95
112
Connecticut
6,400
273
99
372
101
84
46
224
272
82
Delaware
596
25
27
7
4
3
3
9
80
14
District of Columbia
1,417
16
50
21
13
31
204
18
16
35
Florida
30,950
706
228
2,596
11,255
723
261
1,459
510
262
Georgia
5,380
134
139
192
100
37
39
49
423
219
Hawaii
5,182
66
370
16
4
1
13
12
16
Idaho
337
28
8
2
3
5
5
Illinois
20,118
145
462
231
169
30
120
93
1.411
202
Indiana
1,432
74
62
13
4
16
5
2
147
43
Iowa
970
31
24
7
8
2
8
1
49
33
Kansas
1.131
20
26
5
6
1
13
2
71
55
Kentucky
677
25
26
11
2
5
2
2
68
47
Louisiana
2,699
28
44
68
205
6
52
7
114
37
Maine
639
291
21
9
1
-
3
8
Maryland
11,256
147
324
196
112
163
890
159
750
369
Massachusetts
11,721
334
700
232
89
439
137
780
441
244
Michigan
8,076
494
216
48
31
13
15
10
667
144
762
386
59
11
26
8
8
7
1
2
1
1
1
1
25
44
10
Mississippi
6
Missouri
1,439
26
49
18
16
7
3
3
93
39
Montana
117
7
6
1
4
3
Nebraska
2,999
18
10
3
5
2
8
26
17
Nevada
2,897
80
60
34
96
4
136
1
43
63
New Hampshire
559
118
17
12
1
14
6
5
27
16
New Jersey
28,726
226
530
2,146
1.715
1,275
477
998
2,879
250
647
68.485
2,077
192
3,205
18
566
90
35
101
8
4,843
63
7
97
7
3,414
28
3
25
10
987
15
33
6,454
23
11
6
948
24
1
17
2
3,653
3
5
20
2,158
201
7
306
8
563
67
6
Ohio
68
Oklahoma
1,806
47
24
14
12
6
12
1
90
90
Oregon
1,807
80
100
8
7
1
34
49
63
Pennsylvania
9,587
205
347
214
90
99
31
161
871
143
1,536
1,031
103
635
21
45
14
40
34
62
3
16
114
60
2
22
2
3
1
1
108
4
1
3
14
4
2
22
3
19
84
4
78
6
18
1
Tennessee
27
Texas
32,255
256
561
644
222
60
1,496
21
1,078
634
Utah
1,558
522
86
234
52
14
32
3
2
8
3
77
2
15
14
73
Vermont
6
Virginia
10,270
124
242
160
53
39
752
23
565
584
Washington
10,976
512
557
52
22
15
57
6
235
247
West Virginia
318
15
7
6
1
3
1
1
55
17
Wisconsin
950
25
29
4
2
3
4
66
15
Wyoming
125
4
8
1
1
5
U.S. territories and
possessions
1,465
4
16
2
1
3
1
2
3
Northern Manana Is
53
4
2
-
Virgin Islands
1.204
1
2
2
2
34
1
7
21
1
Other or unknown
1.970
54
40
102
64
44
27
55
146
38
See footnotes at end of table.
148
TABLE 50. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE
AND STATE OF RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
State of residence
Jamaica
Korea
Mexico
Philippines
Poland
Soviet
Union
Taiwan
United
Kingdom
Vietnam
Other
10,949
14,170
67,238
33,634
7,845
16,172
9316
14,143
28,074
129,839
24
53
30
51
6
8
35
52
64
328
4
77
65
216
19
11
2
18
19
153
Arizona
10
80
2,085
179
47
21
47
140
125
781
3
7
19
18
3
1
2
9
21
48
219
4,758
36,072
13,791
445
3,237
5,006
4,416
14,576
27,115
Colorado
21
237
944
160
67
181
55
190
231
1,088
Connecticut
731
44
52
138
537
333
58
304
167
2,483
Delaware
30
18
13
36
11
47
19
31
5
214
District of Columbia
69
12
20
45
3
11
6
40
16
791
2,012
159
342
732
175
90
102
701
707
7,930
Georgia
209
365
228
193
32
152
150
243
301
2.175
18
459
69
2,865
4
6
63
190
304
706
5
132
25
3
11
3
14
12
81
Illinois
157
1,112
5,459
1,549
2,153
982
106
320
354
5,063
Indiana
9
51
176
73
25
71
25
96
49
491
Iowa
1
27
119
45
11
29
23
37
204
311
Kansas
5
31
249
66
7
58
25
25
139
327
Kentucky
7
35
33
55
2
16
13
51
33
244
13
36
74
93
9
9
32
62
571
1,239
Maine
2
6
11
30
18
4
4
53
29
147
Maryland
577
780
108
531
81
352
186
375
358
4,798
Massachusetts
230
121
43
137
235
1,095
139
533
881
4,911
Michigan
71
147
212
357
451
258
102
276
302
4,262
Minnesota
2
13
28
32
17
92
8
20
113
306
Mississippi
2
5
11
42
2
2
5
15
106
116
Missouri
14
53
118
123
28
92
45
58
149
505
Montana
2
5
9
12
3
4
3
10
2
46
Nebraska
2
31
179
2,367
9
34
15
19
85
169
Nevada
5
58
908
460
16
8
36
107
80
702
3
11
6
15
12
10
14
59
14
199
901
2
4.858
34
1
38
768
12
1,390
99
12
74
172
352
344
55
12
82
2,023
22
1,624
125
17
149
1,012
8
1,413
39
7
84
1,008
1
5,097
12
5
340
722
7
916
30
1
48
741
18
1,946
72
13
129
353
18
646
172
7
108
10,530
128
26,665
925
58
Ohio
1,490
Oklahoma
9
56
431
84
4
9
27
93
257
540
Oregon
2
74
200
135
15
48
26
139
231
595
Pennsylvania
310
494
79
272
297
1,426
144
432
824
3,148
4
20
3
39
10
20
21
112
31
6
53
6
1
34
36
108
15
71
1,022
South Carolina
332
9
9
26
5
22
11
46
5
2
1
11
30
3
59
5
22
38
Tennessee
219
136
584
15,569
769
88
163
524
602
2,737
6,111
Utah
2
22
260
73
14
72
30
72
88
580
Vermont
3
5
4
11
10
8
8
47
7
143
99
708
113
851
51
85
154
326
961
4,380
19
3
809
13
1,471
5
1,374
37
208
2
460
3
187
5
570
23
1,433
3
2,742
West Virginia
118
Wisconsin
11
15
97
49
34
40
25
47
32
452
Wyoming
1
3
48
6
2
4
12
3
27
U.S. territories and
possessions
Guam
1
100
6
1,218
1
21
19
19
48
Northern Mariana Is
1
40
-
2
10
10
3
2
1
107
;
1
1.011
Other or unknown
24
58
64
127
83
96
41
65
45
797
■ Represents zero.
149
TABLE 51. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE
AND SELECTED METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA OF RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Metropolitan statistical area '
All
countries
China,
People's
Republic
Colom-
bia
Domi-
nican
Rep.
El
Salvador
Total
Los Angeles-Long Beach. CA
New York, NY
Chicago, IL
Washington, DC-MD-VA
Miami, FL
Houston, TX
San Francisco, CA
San Jose, CA
Orange County, CA
Oakland, CA
Boston-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA
Newark, NJ
Philadelphia, PA-NJ
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA
Bergen-Passaic, NJ
Detroit, MI
Nassau-Suffolk, NY
Jersey City, NJ
Dallas, TX
Sacramento, CA
Atlanta, GA
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ
Honolulu, HI
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
Baltimore, MD
Ventura, CA
Bridgeport-Stamford -Norwalk-Danbury, CT
San Antonio, TX
Lincoln, NE :
Hartford, CT
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ
Denver, CO
Fresno, CA
New Orleans, LA
Stockton-Lodi, CA
Orlando, FL
Las Vegas, NV
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH
Providence-Warwick- Pawtucket, Rl
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton. FL
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX
Monmouth-Ocean, NJ
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT
Salinas, CA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA
Other MSA
445,853
59,709
58,766
19.302
18,063
17,512
13,906
12,317
12,231
11,298
9,575
9,392
7,985
7,906
7,106
7,050
6,814
6,130
5,618
5,580
5,208
4,550
4,443
4,276
4,104
3,576
3,353
2,817
2,787
2,493
2,491
2,468
2,424
2,349
2,299
1,965
1,914
1,870
1,832
1,758
1.648
1,480
1.477
1,450
1,424
1,400
1,312
1,236
1.191
1.112
1,095
53,751
20,574
1,466
7,598
377
214
121
174
58
77
119
100
164
119
236
73
129
102
242
43
375
66
11
60
58
106
42
46
130
180
55
54
65
14
136
82
81
13
13
14
54
55
44
17
67
1
17
50
24
41
55
4
20
2.082
1,085
33
20,009
2.861
4,528
450
460
63
395
3,156
832
291
1,195
652
111
297
83
487
102
137
180
34
76
320
117
144
361
39
41
91
29
28
16
4
24
57
55
39
24
44
24
42
43
33
21
1
41
75
24
9
34
14
33
1,368
395
29
12333
616
2,965
219
309
1,545
496
45
42
116
47
202
654
155
82
42
728
33
356
474
64
21
166
143
15
424
209
36
19
233
20
2
94
29
23
4
51
4
156
25
13
111
112
2
58
5
5
8
26
1
17
833
190
16,994
1,062
860
167
151
9,789
130
39
45
127
28
82
400
85
102
16
157
14
100
1,042
38
14
95
68
4
240
686
12
11
45
14
1
40
13
17
6
184
5
126
91
14
2
219
5
15
5
2
2
1
418
138
56
9,892
32
6,174
27
193
468
30
4
1
9
409
193
83
8
3
382
4
211
504
7
3
26
116
1
67
56
19
43
4
19
5
62
4
7
108
32
1
5
1
8
381
114
43
11305
3,529
582
118
1,793
152
1,182
762
180
158
292
118
162
22
219
16
94
6
345
162
145
65
31
31
9
38
16
22
33
33
29
1
11
40
28
15
37
22
19
45
10
13
11
8
17
24
64
10
56
8
7
508
186
21
7,855
32
3,300
90
160
732
12
5
1
3
5
767
716
165
7
5
36
8
313
42
3
48
22
291
34
25
2
199
2
14
2
1
1
112
22
166
298
59
55
17,880
683
1,457
1,334
995
58
595
133
631
351
471
364
513
709
172
192
554
496
403
421
205
151
311
930
10
59
114
200
54
120
42
12
94
84
67
115
57
70
79
25
143
19
36
3
153
33
31
10
12
22
38
3,283
661
105
See footnotes at end of table
150
TABLE 51. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE
AND SELECTED METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREA OF RESIDENCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Metropolitan statistical area '
Philip-
pines
Soviet
Union
United
Kingdom
Total
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA
New York, NY
Chicago, IL
Washington, DC-MD-VA
Miami, FL
Houston, TX
San Francisco, CA
San Jose, CA
Orange County, CA
Oakland, CA
Boston-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA
Newark, NJ
Philadelphia, PA-NJ
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA
Bergen-Passaic, NJ
Detroit, MI
Nassau-Suffolk, NY
Jersey City, NJ
Dallas, TX
Sacramento, CA
Atlanta, GA
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ
Honolulu, HI
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
Baltimore, MD
Ventura, CA
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk-Danbury, CT
San Antonio, TX
Lincoln, NE !
Hartford, CT
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ
Denver, CO
Fresno, CA
New Orleans, LA
Stockton-Lodi, CA
Orlando, FL
Las Vegas, NV
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX
Monmouth-Ocean, NJ
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA
Salt Lake City-Ogden. UT
Salinas, CA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA
Other MSA
Non-MSA
Unknown
10,949
139
4,346
155
551
712
65
7
4
12
13
193
373
322
26
7
223
51
341
26
29
3
184
100
17
797
93
149
2
207
10
440
5
7
6
1
129
4
27
1
30
780
134
19
14,170
2.762
1,190
1,090
1,062
11
173
180
400
603
253
82
80
472
191
457
419
83
130
43
198
149
304
83
439
20
38
310
34
13
26
5
7
54
133
10
19
8
42
44
27
3
7
35
74
15
13
19
41
68
1,730
489
32
67,238
17,064
277
5,256
185
81
4,643
616
1.285
1,943
877
34
20
50
2,989
182
53
110
23
19
1,911
946
163
33
50
25
69
21
1,604
27
1,764
11
7
874
591
990
37
723
35
482
23
9
29
1,389
18
71
306
728
176
592
21
10,979
6.787
40
33,634
5,456
1,300
1,481
843
87
344
1,748
1,503
685
1,506
113
411
330
666
964
421
269
188
527
126
307
108
303
2,013
51
141
168
325
54
71
2,329
33
133
76
70
50
236
90
274
58
16
37
6
122
110
508
70
59
158
340
3,024
3,235
91
7,845
166
1,113
2,157
69
17
43
41
43
45
52
123
238
217
38
172
351
385
110
106
21
15
27
170
2
23
57
43
8
72
13
1
379
40
43
2
5
1
13
15
58
31
13
46
13
2
6
12
4
7
994
182
41
16,172
2,237
4,682
1,001
257
37
95
414
249
43
75
1,026
249
1,297
12
400
296
228
130
37
46
147
246
4
6
19
169
15
129
9
7
123
20
152
24
9
4
4
5
251
53
1
6
6
69
29
15
1.450
131
45
9,316
2,406
759
94
261
15
269
357
736
564
531
118
197
93
173
158
104
59
102
24
131
55
136
284
61
17
19
42
34
16
19
3
19
35
25
13
12
7
18
26
13
1
7
2
56
15
10
19
19
6
25
901
220
30
14,143
1,368
1,490
269
445
86
308
989
405
241
668
454
214
294
113
445
140
183
184
56
103
146
175
157
180
119
156
155
73
142
35
3
91
101
94
13
33
25
80
71
62
30
47
79
94
38
53
46
12
50
2,382
897
49
28,074
3,855
462
300
1,107
25
1,515
1,011
3,510
3,210
945
710
63
703
384
1,105
15
91
39
62
585
828
245
59
293
64
276
60
71
43
51
47
70
100
198
73
407
259
136
46
34
14
38
1
7
223
41
34
80
60
94
3,776
631
' Ranked by number of persons naturalized. See Glossary for definition of metropolitan staustical area
allowed to naturalize without meeting residency requirements, whose records were processed in Lincoln. NE.
- Represents zero.
Includes World War II veterans from the Philippines.
151
TABLE 52. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Occupation
Execu-
Precision
Opera-
Region and country of
tive
produc-
tors,
Farming,
pation
or not
former allegiance
Total
Total
admini-
tion,
fabri-
forestry.
specialty
and man-
agerial
support
and
repair
and
laborers
fishing
reported '
445,853
66,027
272,679
39370
39309
7,216
32,942
5,572
20,022
2312
50,832
6,938
21318
2,770
62327
9,528
2,699
206
43330
4,628
173,174
26,657
Austria
264
146
28
37
8
22
9
28
14
118
Belgium
206
108
27
13
12
24
4
20
1
7
98
225
129
25
14
9
25
15
17
1
23
96
570
354
74
37
14
37
30
111
1
50
216
215
112
27
22
6
17
5
19
4
12
103
France
1,431
881
201
177
79
172
37
88
4
123
550
3,450
1,863
281
320
178
356
124
380
12
212
1,587
Greece
2,086
1,171
178
198
59
120
99
292
7
218
915
799
498
81
53
24
54
67
107
3
109
301
1,873
1,268
297
175
82
215
97
236
10
156
605
Italy
3,939
2,336
273
416
161
373
239
545
7
322
1,603
189
103
32
14
7
14
8
25
3
86
210
90
19
13
9
17
7
17
8
120
Netherlands
694
386
75
78
32
66
30
60
5
40
308
Poland
7,845
4,673
567
523
183
529
446
1,896
12
517
3,172
Portugal
3,901
2,870
303
219
140
333
223
1,334
46
272
1,031
Romania
3,187
1,798
304
187
93
268
197
422
9
318
1,389
16,172
739
9,262
422
2,276
85
1,026
73
508
33
1.939
65
455
33
2,146
82
23
5
889
46
6.910
Spain
317
Sweden
259
132
31
27
8
20
2
34
10
127
Switzerland
434
239
49
57
29
37
9
34
4
20
195
United Kingdom
14,143
8,827
1,788
1,694
749
1,990
460
1,181
41
924
5.316
Yugoslavia
2,619
1,400
141
156
67
190
150
393
9
294
1,219
577
302
54
43
22
55
24
61
2
41
275
168312
97^91
16,526
14,104
8375
18310
7332
17,416
862
14,266
70,921
Afghanistan
1.881
1,103
113
149
158
217
91
180
3
192
778
Bangladesh
1,271
842
141
138
98
144
29
149
2
141
429
Burma
742
485
75
47
38
147
45
85
2
46
257
Cambodia
3,296
1,770
159
177
150
266
146
602
10
260
1,526
China, People's Republic
20,009
10,988
1,225
1,287
867
1,872
1,158
1,954
35
2,590
9,021
India
17,880
10,847
3,168
1.748
986
2,009
361
1,833
42
700
7,033
Indonesia
495
319
68
62
30
76
12
40
1
30
176
Iran
10,407
6,901
1,675
1,733
811
1,024
294
703
36
625
3,506
Iraq
1,433
560
114
122
65
75
42
102
2
38
873
Israel
2,674
1,626
357
385
190
280
84
189
7
134
1,048
1,275
703
101
142
80
138
27
101
10
104
572
Jordan
2,449
1,285
154
291
187
155
75
229
5
189
1,164
Korea
14,170
7,246
742
1,847
674
1,157
516
1,333
42
935
6,924
Kuwait
320
163
33
23
29
19
11
30
2
16
157
Laos
3,796
2,228
148
89
119
309
347
888
39
289
1,568
Lebanon
3,927
2,188
374
492
269
275
157
371
15
235
1,739
Malaysia
402
261
67
49
20
46
9
29
3
38
141
Pakistan
4,752
2,873
488
618
347
462
117
594
10
237
1,879
33,634
21,573
4,084
1,658
1,607
5,659
1,850
2,609
347
3,759
12,061
492
1,635
328
890
109
142
56
195
18
101
67
115
10
67
43
173
3
2
22
95
164
Syria
745
9,316
5,558
1,309
1,410
521
1,146
142
440
14
576
3,758
Thailand
1,443
954
116
175
79
169
69
166
4
176
489
Turkey
1,494
913
169
180
94
116
66
193
1
94
581
Vietnam
28.074
14,297
1,326
947
971
2,281
1,573
4,300
223
2,676
13,777
Yemen
496
175
5
29
36
26
9
35
1
34
321
549
17,020
521
315
12339
64
2,818
77
55
1,712
30
947
60
2,040
25
419
45
2,573
1
36
35
1,994
234
4,481
Cape Verde
429
11
15
20
12
269
5
20
92
Egypt
2,478
1,631
302
288
141
270
67
294
4
265
847
Ethiopia
2.754
1,989
288
200
228
339
59
487
7
381
765
Ghana
1.533
1,242
272
106
62
214
34
265
2
287
291
Kenya
318
201
62
40
19
29
6
28
1
16
117
See footnotes at end of table.
152
TABLE 52. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY MAJOR OCCUPATION GROUP
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Total
Occupation
Region and country of
former allegiance
Total
Profes-
sional
Execu-
tive
admini-
Sales
Admini-
Precision
produc-
tion,
Opera-
tors,
fabri-
Farming,
forestry,
No occu-
pation
or not
specialty
and man-
agerial
support
and
repair
and
laborers
fishing
reported '
Liberia
722
538
95
58
36
112
25
76
1
135
184
Libya
186
112
34
21
10
9
1
27
10
74
Morocco
625
441
52
69
48
43
19
112
98
184
Niger
208
82
30
14
4
8
7
15
4
126
Nigeria
4,412
3.526
1,060
513
190
576
111
606
5
465
886
554
454
98
30
33
81
14
91
2
105
100
Somalia
202
142
15
13
14
26
3
42
29
60
748
528
140
125
51
100
8
68
2
34
220
Sudan
173
122
16
26
16
17
9
23
2
13
51
Tanzania
184
109
15
30
12
19
7
17
9
75
Uganda
218
143
38
24
11
35
5
15
15
75
1,184
1,774
850
1,140
224
157
144
129
57
120
142
232
32
107
138
177
5
16
108
202
334
634
Australia
258
153
41
31
18
26
10
16
11
105
Fiji
681
436
36
43
50
87
42
65
5
108
245
229
216
150
162
40
11
27
7
18
14
27
33
10
18
17
43
1
3
10
33
79
Tonga
54
182
208
155,284
108
131
97,445
9
20
9,597
4
17
8,693
7
13
6,130
35
24
17,723
13
14
8,859
16
20
26,737
2
5
1,511
22
18
18,195
74
77
57,839
Canada
7,598
4,338
1,119
807
398
702
219
719
44
330
3,260
Mexico
67,238
42,792
2,331
3,433
2,328
6,593
4,630
15,325
1,269
6,883
24,446
54,792
32,540
4,735
2,788
2,263
7,121
2,308
6,835
94
6396
22,252
Antigua-Barbuda
658
470
71
43
48
90
68
42
3
105
188
204
122
25
12
15
29
10
10
21
82
Barbados
1,263
958
178
79
40
284
63
167
147
305
Cuba
16,994
6,817
641
806
613
1,316
520
1,753
30
1,138
10.177
Dominica
396
281
36
22
35
49
41
44
1
53
115
Dominican Republic
9,892
5,374
430
432
484
1,078
403
1,404
13
1,130
4,518
Grenada
717
523
95
40
26
153
30
74
1
104
194
Haiti
7,855
5,762
919
297
270
1,015
213
1.650
17
1,381
2,093
Jamaica
10,949
7,961
1,588
668
476
1,930
567
1,067
16
1,649
2,988
555
395
418
278
42
32
41
18
51
25
80
55
67
37
52
42
5
3
80
66
137
St. Lucia
117
St. Vincent & Grenadines ...
476
341
64
24
18
102
24
53
1
55
135
Trinidad & Tobago
4,438
3,235
614
306
162
940
265
477
4
467
1.203
25,656
17,775
1,412
1,665
1,141
3,307
1,702
3,858
104
4,586
7,881
Belize
738
502
75
61
28
131
42
79
1
85
236
1,055
11,505
4,327
671
8,698
2,917
73
575
230
84
741
246
43
492
152
141
1,363
500
43
917
273
157
1,894
798
8
58
17
122
2,658
701
384
2,807
Guatemala
1,410
Honduras
2,758
1,621
98
127
122
276
161
415
7
415
1.137
Nicaragua
3,610
2,339
225
327
226
579
172
351
11
448
1.271
Panama
1,663
1.027
136
79
78
317
94
164
2
157
636
36,544
2,510
1,102
24,213
1,610
773
2,830
255
106
2,682
308
83
1,699
133
71
5,484
309
157
1,778
122
51
5,727
280
100
64
12
3,949
191
205
12331
900
Bolivia
329
Brazil
1,206
749
141
138
53
122
43
145
4
103
457
Chile
1,200
779
128
98
60
159
55
151
2
126
421
Colombia
12,333
7.942
781
787
511
1,626
545
2,314
19
1,359
4,391
5,126
3,351
277
325
208
758
307
989
12
475
1,775
5,533
3,903
498
328
256
1,327
279
622
2
591
1,630
208
106
17
12
9
13
13
28
14
102
Peru
5,571
3,861
426
398
301
796
297
906
12
725
1,710
655
447
52
62
28
81
34
109
81
208
Venezuela
1,041
653
143
139
68
123
28
79
1
72
388
59
540
39
348
6
116
4
28
1
21
13
54
4
31
4
46
1
7
51
20
Stateless
192
Not reported
352
233
49
22
18
51
22
23
3
45
119
1 Includes homemakers. students, unemployed or reured persons, and others not reporung or with an unknown occupation
- Represents zero.
I."
TABLE 53. PERSONS NATURALIZED IN FISCAL YEAR 1995 BY CALENDAR YEAR OF ENTRY
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
Region and country
of birth
1995
and
1994
Before
1983
All countries
Europe
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia ..
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Burma
Cambodia
China, People's Rep
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Kuwait
Laos
Lebanon
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Sri Lanka
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
Vietnam
Yemen
Other Asia
Africa
Cape Verde
Egypt
Ethiopia
445,853
60,263
268
212
238
667
216
1,320
3,551
2,088
815
1,895
3,938
183
222
613
7,874
3,710
3,239
16,530
788
247
429
7,991
2,676
553
174,188
1,888
1,299
833
3,268
20,538
5,368
17,957
546
10,432
1,435
2,485
1,295
2,271
14,218
420
3,832
3,917
412
4,752
33,694
496
1.669
8,842
1,451
1,513
28,156
497
704
17,624
515
2,504
2,749
3,438
113
1
2
1
6
15
62
6
3
2
3
3,063
2
1
54
6
13
2,788
7
1
20
28
2
12
10
70
3
17
3
13
221
2358
234
1
2
7
6
13
13
5
5
1
3
2
28
3
15
57
6
2
33
12
3
1357
4
19
4
1
174
50
94
4
28
31
33
10
62
62
25
3
62
4
59
630
3
29
36
8
30
49
26
17
195
2
38
5
11,610
1,215
6
7
19
19
3
49
50
75
21
23
36
3
4
5
215
16
118
231
10
4
15
167
108
11
7316
21
69
49
10
1,038
238
663
24
167
73
196
10
302
217
81
12
358
30
256
2,625
12
161
306
31
120
174
18
55
934
12
231
26
18,605
3353
5
7
30
34
4
59
58
61
30
69
55
16
16
14
317
47
292
1,877
16
8
20
177
113
28
9315
65
137
28
23
1,100
311
1,027
22
322
80
246
19
205
358
37
22
296
45
374
2,662
37
172
513
48
103
969
46
48
1349
17
216
189
15,213
17
21
88
154
8
141
126
193
241
357
111
63
64
21
2,828
141
1,111
8,233
41
17
30
759
395
53
39,646
418
577
300
200
5,574
1,843
4,009
138
2,624
307
625
83
529
1,531
87
179
1,326
107
1,882
8,422
150
456
2,940
288
242
4,569
93
147
6,222
54
894
1,003
42,229
5,647
7
9
33
96
2
85
81
117
113
132
95
16
11
12
927
74
489
2,587
28
8
21
490
195
19
22,298
219
164
125
336
2,858
1,188
1,971
49
1,464
89
372
40
238
1,306
44
217
556
65
552
4,799
96
247
1,717
120
150
3,188
35
93
2,156
46
363
350
28,420
2,678
14
4
8
69
4
79
72
99
54
115
81
7
15
25
543
81
263
641
25
7
21
331
106
14
13,943
203
96
69
121
1,565
355
1,322
60
1,193
75
224
50
157
1,181
34
264
305
33
414
2.789
45
126
923
128
97
2,014
28
72
1,514
29
220
281
18,661
1,462
3
7
8
54
2
45
52
68
44
39
53
3
3
10
358
55
151
105
30
3
22
266
66
15
9,635
169
59
43
75
1,021
181
966
24
879
57
155
28
75
1,020
19
314
124
17
244
1,687
25
65
501
77
61
1,695
13
41
800
27
102
139
15,966
1,261
4
4
2
31
4
37
64
49
26
33
76
1
4
12
234
69
164
84
14
3
17
235
81
13
7,986
138
41
33
196
797
174
858
36
763
25
95
23
67
902
9
100
88
21
196
1,203
23
54
422
69
59
1,557
6
31
678
23
71
115
14,025
1,161
5
4
8
9
3
40
58
51
19
22
53
2
1
13
231
65
144
76
17
2
15
260
52
11
6,946
130
17
21
295
605
123
723
25
832
52
54
23
48
841
9
191
74
15
132
868
17
39
293
60
61
1,373
6
19
601
15
38
185
11,746
998
2
9
2
13
2
38
48
44
7
17
57
1
2
10
189
55
94
115
12
2
6
214
50
9
5,648
145
22
16
285
506
114
658
16
542
48
61
25
33
679
11
117
55
5
92
691
13
32
324
49
59
1,026
10
14
488
15
50
98
175,926
26,611
199
136
28
175
182
733
2,900
1,298
234
1,077
3,277
68
94
485
1.966
3,100
363
2,384
576
190
259
5,030
1,484
373
45333
371
84
140
1,716
5,162
762
5,580
146
1,593
590
393
975
526
5,936
60
2,400
633
66
519
3,949
74
274
827
566
521
11,430
94
146
2389
274
266
349
See footnotes a( end of table.
154
TABLE 53. PERSONS NATURALIZED IN FISCAL YEAR 1995 BY CALENDAR YEAR OF ENTRY
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH— Continued
Region and country
of birth
Total
1995
and
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
Before
1983
Un-
known
or not
re-
ported
Ghana
1,541
2
1
10
49
104
712
165
123
71
44
43
38
176
3
Kenya
403
2
1
3
10
24
94
54
35
30
20
22
20
86
2
Liberia
726
1
1
5
17
64
270
93
55
40
36
26
17
99
2
Libya
195
3
8
6
93
30
14
4
8
4
4
20
1
Morocco
659
1
3
38
150
83
165
69
30
23
15
10
8
62
2
Nigeria
4,493
5
8
41
187
346
1,776
492
396
188
198
144
114
587
11
Sierra Leone
567
2
1
18
51
218
82
52
21
16
17
19
68
2
Somalia
203
4
10
20
120
13
13
3
9
2
4
5
813
213
1
1
1
8
1
33
7
46
15
188
97
154
12
75
20
49
7
39
5
25
2
24
9
169
37
1
Tanzania
Uganda
250
1
1
7
13
75
38
23
15
9
10
3
54
1
1,793
1,699
8
12
1
1
35
10
169
39
155
74
463
239
195
155
148
130
81
62
70
85
58
57
65
53
337
740
8
42
Australia
237
2
2
5
7
15
11
4
5
3
3
11
168
1
Fiji
682
1
16
43
111
90
86
35
51
30
22
1%
1
215
218
1
5
3
4
9
19
36
19
10
8
8
8
7
7
9
13
8
4
8
127
120
Tonga
347
155,449
9
151
1
99
7
227
10
1,273
11
3,205
58
31,466
25
9,012
24
7,616
7
4,929
15
4350
3
3,936
8
3,440
129
85,123
40
422
Canada
7,096
13
9
15
96
120
384
235
214
161
116
157
114
5,429
33
Mexico
67,277
19
14
52
272
1,352
16,292
2,996
2,520
1,291
1,229
1,051
928
39,163
98
55,446
22
25
87
590
937
5,761
3,489
2,924
2373
2,214
1,939
1,719
33,140
226
Antigua-Barbuda
667
1
6
13
111
33
53
27
32
27
33
328
3
Bahamas, The
218
1
7
3
41
17
16
8
11
8
11
94
1
Barbados
1,293
1
10
22
126
80
82
60
57
52
50
747
6
Cuba
16,975
1
2
15
23
341
465
157
156
263
222
212
15,088
30
Dominica
428
1
2
3
11
75
38
28
22
25
24
19
177
3
Dominican Republic
9,879
7
7
30
208
285
1,003
837
552
557
456
411
369
5,097
60
Grenada
726
-
1
3
8
99
48
62
46
51
42
44
317
5
Haiti
7,855
3
8
9
77
192
1,597
577
641
585
450
390
306
2,987
33
Jamaica
11,031
8
4
27
126
212
1,555
969
963
701
672
584
513
4.632
65
St. Kitts & Nevis
570
5
11
78
38
55
22
29
44
29
258
1
St. Lucia
412
1
2
11
11
65
42
33
21
19
15
14
174
4
St. Vincent &
Grenadines
489
5
7
99
44
44
26
27
24
25
185
3
Trinidad & Tobago
4,430
2
3
12
110
131
515
275
211
119
114
82
85
2,762
9
Other Caribbean
473
1
4
8
56
26
27
23
8
14
9
294
3
25,614
97
51
73
315
795
9,028
2,290
1,956
1,103
989
788
677
7387
65
Belize
753
1
1
6
20
189
77
68
40
32
46
33
238
2
1,039
11,461
4,331
9
1
15
6
28
3
12
18
16
67
39
25
336
107
157
5,087
1,344
62
1,053
313
58
865
349
30
454
162
23
482
150
25
326
124
21
307
102
609
2,452
1,570
1
13
Guatemala
10
Honduras
2,751
8
8
12
58
100
667
222
233
164
129
100
101
940
9
Nicaragua
3,618
5
1
7
74
120
1,360
430
311
160
117
104
70
851
8
Panama
1,661
58
8
20
55
87
224
133
72
93
56
63
43
727
22
Other North America
16
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
4
36324
2,496
71
1
64
1
134
6
829
59
1,276
84
7,509
391
2,938
171
2,524
141
1,770
87
1,403
64
1,321
63
1,116
58
15366
1,363
103
Argentina
7
1.104
1.176
1,203
4
9
2
1
11
2
3
4
3
19
61
18
59
69
43
332
167
221
79
92
117
81
83
85
58
46
62
45
53
37
40
54
32
34
31
39
342
489
538
7
Brazil
7
Chile
4
Colombia
12.355
20
16
41
218
391
2,277
792
720
532
512
476
374
5,958
28
Ecuador
5,132
4
2
14
43
97
727
268
242
168
151
130
132
3,145
9
Guyana
5,423
1
2
7
112
138
1,412
723
615
476
298
278
218
1.118
25
Paraguay
194
22
17
3
4
7
35
8
8
10
4
1
3
71
1
Peru
5,569
5
9
-14
236
316
1,621
527
405
245
179
153
168
1.650
11
Uruguay
650
II
20
151
41
40
25
22
33
19
286
2
Venezuela
962
3
3
9
42
49
160
115
94
60
37
58
39
291
2
Other South America
60
6
3
15
5
10
1
1
3
1
15
Not reported
306
1
1
4
33
133
23
15
3
3
3
3
64
20
TABLE 54. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE, AGE, AND SEX
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Age and sex
All
countries
China.
People's
Republic
Dominican
Republic
El
Salvador
Total
Under 18 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over
Not reported
Male
Under 18 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over
Not reported
Female
Under 18 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over
Not reported
Unknown sex
Percent distribution
Male
Female
Unknown
Median age
Male
Female
See footnotes at end of table
156
445,853
5,815
8,139
38,313
46,396
60,446
64,723
53,822
41,265
30,969
27,960
22,584
18,418
13,433
7,677
5,770
123
212,126
2,857
3,783
17,963
22,084
29,935
32,652
26,476
19,717
13,981
12.289
10,086
8,216
6,256
3,512
2,250
69
232,877
2,896
4,331
20,275
24,223
30,415
31,962
27,252
21,474
16,932
15,609
12,451
10,174
7,159
4,161
3,511
52
850
100.0
47.6
52.2
.2
39.9
39.5
40.4
7,598
79
89
327
423
677
759
826
990
948
833
669
511
287
119
59
2
3,107
32
42
175
223
321
327
325
362
328
323
262
202
120
44
20
I
4,484
47
47
152
199
356
430
501
627
619
510
406
308
167
75
39
1
100.0
40.9
590
.1
48.2
46.5
49.1
20,009
324
432
2,089
1,854
2,406
2,009
1,556
1,543
1,059
1,144
1,239
1,332
1,339
940
741
2
9,082
145
176
969
674
860
966
783
786
578
587
641
617
601
405
293
1
10,901
177
254
1,118
1,180
1,545
1,037
769
755
481
555
596
715
737
534
448
100.0
45.4
54.5
.1
42.8
44.7
40.9
12^33
114
169
598
992
1,689
1,890
1,509
1,266
1,165
1,035
729
523
310
188
154
2
5,138
60
85
264
440
750
864
602
517
460
427
293
198
91
46
40
1
7,178
54
84
334
551
935
1.023
905
749
704
606
434
324
219
141
114
1
17
100.0
41 7
58.2
I
42.3
40.8
43.3
16,994
26
109
627
714
1,084
929
855
738
1,012
1.780
2,076
2,268
1,802
1,312
1,662
7,088
11
60
308
355
532
500
401
349
380
697
876
979
732
422
486
9,897
15
49
319
357
551
427
453
389
632
1,082
1,200
1,288
1,069
890
1,176
100.0
41.7
582
.1
61.5
59.7
62.8
9,892
190
220
1,096
1,313
1.478
1,341
1,067
611
558
603
537
338
222
179
137
2
3,817
99
82
438
489
556
516
420
281
223
258
202
109
64
46
34
6,023
90
137
655
818
916
813
636
327
330
343
333
229
158
133
103
2
52
100.0
386
609
.5
37.4
37.4
37.3
11,505
61
160
833
1.145
2,093
2,371
1,763
1,083
678
458
338
255
139
69
50
9
5,424
26
69
344
567
1.117
1,206
860
503
280
163
127
77
44
18
15
8
6,074
35
91
488
576
976
1,165
900
580
398
294
211
178
95
51
35
1
100.0
47.1
52.8
.1
38.0
37.4
38.7
7,855
57
74
457
855
1,205
1,550
1,340
836
492
369
265
186
87
50
31
1
3,790
27
32
182
364
542
801
692
461
265
159
121
86
36
12
9
1
4,035
30
42
274
488
656
744
642
373
226
207
142
100
51
38
22
30
100.0
39.1
39.7
38.6
17,880
448
561
2,084
2.181
2,635
2,447
2,180
1,825
1.322
808
581
375
248
108
71
6
9,512
211
253
994
1,005
1.416
1.416
1.155
964
763
475
352
218
161
70
54
5
8,359
237
308
1,089
1,175
1,216
1.030
1.024
860
559
332
229
157
87
38
17
1
100.0
53.2
46.8
Z
37.1
38.1
35.7
TABLE 54. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF FORMER ALLEGIANCE, AGE, AND SEX
FISCAL YEAR 1995— Continued
Age and sex
Philip-
pines
Soviet
Union
United
Kingdom
Total
Under 18 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over ...
Not reported
Male
Under 18 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over ...
Not reported
Female
Under 18 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over ...
Not reported
Unknown sex
Percent distribution .
Male
Female
Unknown
Median age
Male
Female
10,949
125
151
828
1,345
1,503
1,592
1,381
1,178
883
722
503
373
202
101
59
3
4,299
59
69
300
523
585
616
541
465
360
308
196
152
76
32
16
1
6,607
64
81
523
817
910
971
839
708
520
411
305
219
125
69
43
2
43
100.0
39.3
60.3
39.8
40.0
39.7
14,170
346
485
1,949
1,665
1.618
1,666
1,166
955
739
811
723
736
647
402
257
5
6,106
167
249
990
779
597
618
436
423
360
403
291
288
253
143
108
1
8,026
170
236
956
880
1.018
1,045
727
530
375
407
430
447
393
259
149
4
38
100.0
43.1
56.6
38.0
37.1
38.6
67,238
241
536
4,636
6,783
8,806
9.350
8,320
6,380
6,156
5,523
4,338
2,793
1,893
840
631
12
31,838
117
185
1,785
3,307
4,750
4.949
4,001
2,923
2,623
2,353
2,026
1,285
944
342
242
6
35,159
117
341
2,811
3,451
4,032
4,378
4,305
3,440
3,516
3,142
2,295
1.497
943
497
389
5
241
100.0
47.4
52.3
41.9
41.0
42.8
33,634
659
387
2,311
4,063
4,666
5,049
3,923
3,030
1,870
1,519
1,218
1.521
1,662
1,292
454
10
14,794
334
174
1,043
1,581
1,716
1,914
1,467
1,252
756
640
485
872
1.205
1,034
313
8
18,819
325
212
1,265
2,482
2,949
3,133
2,452
1,774
1,112
876
732
649
457
258
141
2
21
100.0
44.0
56.0
.1
39.7
42.1
38.5
7,845
90
126
461
466
849
1,289
1,284
993
544
580
459
381
208
63
50
2
3,620
41
55
222
210
389
618
625
503
264
231
182
136
89
25
29
1
4,218
49
71
239
256
460
671
658
489
280
348
277
245
117
38
19
1
100.0
46.1
53.8
.1
42.5
42.2
42.8
16,172
195
345
1,353
970
1,555
2,366
2,126
1,929
710
1,042
809
1,100
1,053
349
265
5
7,438
93
181
657
419
691
1,102
1,064
975
372
487
327
411
383
148
125
3
8,705
92
162
695
547
861
1,262
1,059
953
338
555
481
689
669
201
139
2
29
100.0
46.0
53.8
42.9
42.6
43.4
9316
154
426
1.104
717
1,236
2,076
1,644
727
391
235
137
149
129
115
76
4342
85
254
546
331
488
930
794
332
175
127
69
69
62
44
36
4,967
68
171
558
384
747
1,145
849
395
216
108
68
80
67
71
40
100.0
466
53.3
.1
37.5
37.6
37.4
14,143
218
317
1,342
1,342
1,836
1,934
1,693
1,414
1,149
1,170
784
520
249
116
56
3
6372
109
149
680
615
869
956
816
603
425
425
338
221
93
46
26
1
7,751
108
166
660
723
965
977
874
809
722
745
446
298
156
70
30
2
20
100.0
45.1
54.8
.1
40.2
39.0
41.6
28,074
437
1,380
6,026
4,262
3,556
3,211
2,749
1,766
1,248
982
856
740
449
266
142
4
14,746
209
667
3,206
2,455
1,957
1,569
1,369
854
701
504
450
378
220
135
70
2
13307
224
711
2,815
1,805
1,596
1,639
1,379
912
547
478
405
362
229
131
72
2
21
100.0
52.5
47.4
.1
32.6
32.0
33.4
Represents zero. Z Rounds to less than 0.05.
157
TABLE 55. PERSONS NATURALIZED BY AGE AND SEX
FISCAL YEARS 1986-95
Age and sex
1986
1987
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
Total
Under 18 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over
Not reported
Male
Under 18 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over .
Not reported
Female
Under 18 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
30-34 years
35-39 years
40-44 years
45-49 years
50-54 years
55-59 years
60-64 years
65-69 years
70-74 years
75-79 years
80 years and over
Not reported
Unknown sex
Percent distribution .
Male
Female
Unknown
Median age
Male
Female
280,623
10,440
7,380
38,736
46,155
49,878
41,401
26,000
18,630
13,387
9,965
7,781
5,149
3,262
1,646
807
6
133,982
4,527
3,301
18,578
22,340
23,575
20,201
12,567
8,995
6,423
4,778
3,557
2.420
1,515
817
386
2
140,087
5,717
3,982
19,364
22,894
25,179
20,211
12,733
9,095
6,576
4,923
4,024
2,589
1,650
770
377
3
6,554
100.0
47.7
499
2.3
33.8
33.9
336
227,008
7,701
6,065
30,919
37,886
40,829
33,857
21,757
14,426
10,631
7,689
6,296
4,215
2,603
1,351
778
5
109,548
3,253
2,702
14,945
18,649
19,852
16,705
10,523
6,966
5,147
3,628
2,973
1,975
1,236
617
374
3
108,583
3,972
3,206
14,930
17,914
19,494
15.750
10,283
6,783
5,008
3,757
3,076
2.088
1,274
678
369
I
8,877
100.0
48.3
47.8
39
33.8
33 9
33 7
242,063
6,916
5,819
31,885
39.715
44,002
36,381
24,776
15,873
11,521
8,251
6,777
4,667
2,725
1,636
1,118
1
120,528
3,270
2,700
15,834
19,898
22,164
18.445
12,397
8,045
5,643
4,052
3,196
2,238
1,327
776
542
1
119,599
3,605
3,102
15.829
19,521
21,501
17,613
12,155
7,696
5,759
4,137
3,502
2,383
1.379
850
567
1.936
100.0
49.8
49 4
.8
34.2
34 2
34:
233,777
6,336
5,783
29,799
37,723
42,938
35,795
24,710
15,368
11,099
7,863
6,479
4,695
2,610
1,558
1,012
9
115,825
3,103
2,693
14,591
18,582
21,710
18.276
12,320
7,684
5,405
3,795
3,019
2,203
1,227
726
117,837
3,232
3,089
15,193
19,121
21,208
17,502
12,379
7,676
5,686
4,065
3.454
2.492
1,381
831
523
5
115
100.0
49 5
50.4
Z
34.4
34.4
34.4
270,101
6,539
6,453
31,778
40,288
46,984
40,927
27,745
16,877
12,785
9,439
7,638
5,522
2,970
1,679
1,231
11,246
127,847
2,969
2,892
14,944
19,088
22,828
20,275
13,288
7,918
5,706
4,197
3,342
2,478
1,334
762
561
5,265
127,096
3,018
3,126
14,859
18,805
21,636
18,602
13,050
8,083
6,370
4,724
3,860
2,730
1,455
829
624
5,325
15,158
100.0
47 3
47.1
5.6
35.3
35.3
35 5
308,058
8,345
8,529
36,753
45,079
54,872
48,707
33,381
20,622
15,492
11,779
9,596
7,323
4,052
2,049
1,173
306
151,620
3,900
3,878
17,836
22,059
28,049
24,911
16,568
10,056
7,368
5,496
4,462
3,442
1,916
1,007
563
109
150,140
3,747
4,463
18,183
22,104
25,815
22,907
16,196
10.207
7,865
6,106
4,990
3,777
2,061
1,009
590
120
6,298
100.0
49,2
48.7
2.0
.35.0
350
35.2
240,252
7,105
5,751
25,790
34,207
42,074
36,459
25,108
16,155
11,883
9,610
8,738
8,614
5,275
2,376
1,103
4
120,430
3,499
2,503
12,271
16,836
21,667
18,927
12,447
7.906
5.394
4,298
4.176
5.150
3,337
1,445
572
2
114,273
3,240
3.044
12,807
16,600
19,478
16,673
12,091
7,905
6,255
5,138
4,413
3,356
1,859
896
516
2
5.549
100.0
50.1
47.6
2.3
35.7
35.8
35.6
314,681
8,854
6,812
31,357
37,957
47,913
45,436
33,471
23,969
18,854
17.165
14,664
12,979
8,642
4.314
2,273
21
155,910
4,428
3,244
15.032
18.572
24.405
23,259
16,741
11,483
8,461
7,591
6,783
7,106
5,096
2,566
1,130
13
157,980
4.228
3,543
16,278
19.334
23,445
22,110
16,643
12,427
10,335
9.537
7,840
5,850
3,529
1,741
1,134
6
791
100.0
49.5
50.2
.3
37.6
375
37.7
407^98
9,661
8,226
38,981
46,941
58,611
58,681
46,083
34,866
27,015
23.805
19,285
15.756
10,818
5,375
3,274
20
193,510
4,709
3,805
18,101
22,194
28,545
28,880
22,408
16.335
11,919
10,281
8,393
7,913
5,764
2.818
1,438
7
206,882
4,669
4,144
19,965
24,059
29,169
28,881
22,855
17,934
14,684
13,145
10,594
7,639
4.887
2.473
1 .773
II
7,006
100.0
47.5
50.8
1.7
38.5
38.3
38.7
■ Represents zero /. Rounds to less than 0.05 percenl
ISX
TABLE 56. NATURALIZATION RATES THROUGH FISCAL YEAR 1995 OF IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED
IN FISCAL YEAR 1977 BY MAJOR CLASS OF ADMISSION AND OCCUPATION
Class of admission and occupation
Total, all immigrants
Classes of admission:
Unmarried sons and daughters of U.S. citizens
Spouses and children of legal permanent residents
Professionals or highly skilled immigrants
Married sons and daughters of US citizens
Siblings of U.S. citizens
Needed skilled or unskilled workers
Refugee conditional entrants
Nonpreference
Independent Western Hemisphere
Spouses of US citizens
Children of US, citizens
Parents of U.S. citizens
Special immigrants
Cuban refugee adjustments
Other
Occupation:
Professional specialty and technical occupations
Architects
Engineers, surveyors, and mapping scientists
Mathematical and computer scientists
Natural scientists
Physicians
Other health diagnosing occupations
Health assessment and treating occupations
Teachers (postsecondary)
Teachers (except postsecondary)
Counselors (educational and vocational)
Librarians, archivists, and curators
Social scientists and urban planners
Social, recreation, and religious workers
Lawyers and judges
Writers, artists, entertainers, and athletes
Professionals, unspecified
Technologists and technicians (health)
Technologists and technicians (except health)
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations
Sales occupations
Administrative support occupations
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations
Operator, fabricator, and laborer occupations
Farming, forestry, and fishing occupations
Service occupations
No occupation
Homemakers
Unemployed or retired
Students and/or children
Unknown or not reported
Immigrants in 1977 '
Number admitted
352,070
1,366
41,681
10,339
2,902
48,527
7,320
7,666
57,962
24,128
66,775
3,855
21,033
1,453
56,239
824
41,981
401
5,110
851
1,620
7,006
1,936
6,347
1,439
4,456
59
279
607
1,897
393
4,339
1.057
1,386
2,798
19.955
5.520
20,267
21,237
46,510
7,500
25,084
158,667
88.196
31.438
39.033
5.349
Naturalizations through 1995
161,438
677
25,188
7,343
1.345
24,557
3,516
5,145
24,438
7,308
27,703
1,512
5,338
720
26,450
198
25,064
217
3,328
519
917
4,674
1,285
4,001
813
2,673
32
150
31!
837
160
1.874
66"
951
1,653
9,840
2,70.'
11,55!
9,374
20,187
1,969
ll,31(i
66,752
35,299
9.434
22.01')
2.6S *
49.6
60.4
71.0
46.3
50.6
48.0
67.1
42.2
30.3
41 5
39.2
25.4
49.6
47.0
24.0
59.7
54.1
65.1
61.0
56.6
66.7
66.4
63.0
56.5
60.0
542
5.3.8
51.2
44 1
40 7
43 2
63.3
686
59 I
49.3
48.9
57 0
44 I
43 4
26.3
45 1
42.1
40.0
30.0
56 4
50.2
' Ages 16 and over.
Naturalizations through 1995 divided by Ihe number of immigrants admitted
159
TABLE 57. NATURALIZATION RATES THROUGH FISCAL YEAR 1995 OF IMMIGRANTS
ADMITTED DM FISCAL YEAR 1977 BY SELECTED COUNTRY OF BERTH
Region and country
of birth
Immigrants in 1977 '
Number
admitted
Naturaliza-
tions
through
1995
Region and country
of birth
Immigrants in 1977 '
Naturaliza-
Number
tions
Rate2
admitted
through
1995
7,713
4,528
58.7
647
263
40.6
1,964
1,319
67.2
294
187
63.6
392
238
60.7
418
257
61.5
366
182
49.7
570
231
40.5
1,331
856
64.3
256
175
68.4
200
119
59.5
1,275
701
55.0
2,927
735
25.1
1,016
90
8.9
551
274
49.7
449
97
21.6
349
98
28.1
369
136
36.9
193
40
20.7
142,313
54,068
38.0
9,000
1,626
18.1
30.967
6.869
22.2
89,885
39,662
44.1
354
136
38.4
614
307
50.0
238
61
25.6
2,134
1,037
48.6
367
78
21.3
57.023
26,668
46.8
392
194
49.5
8,955
2,561
28.6
1,023
529
51.7
4,268
1.841
43.1
7.896
3.587
45.4
699
349
49.9
408
202
49.5
456
224
49.1
4,516
1,722
38.1
542
166
30.6
12381
5,890
47.6
660
285
43.2
1,221
471
38.6
3,402
1,688
49.6
2,825
1,291
45.7
1,228
640
52.1
1,351
679
50.3
1,694
836
49.4
80
21
26.3
25,024
12,198
48.7
2,136
995
46.6
576
344
59.7
1,128
299
26.5
2,047
958
46.8
6,138
3,126
50.9
4,063
1,319
32.5
4,115
2,439
59.3
3,158
1.902
60.2
947
529
55.9
485
175
36.1
231
112
48.5
All countries
Europe
Austria
Belgium
Czechoslovakia .
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Soviet Union
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
Bangladesh
Burma
China, People*s Republic .
Cyprus
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Lebanon
Macau
Malaysia
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
Vietnam
Yemen
Other Asia
352,070
54,867
342
300
504
362
231
1,283
4,899
6,577
771
1,076
5,843
828
283
3,468
6,964
1,620
4,535
2,086
485
485
8,981
2,256
119,226
460
776
14,421
410
3,146
15,033
658
3,404
1,996
2,078
3,602
2,187
19,824
3,900
248
387
2,563
31,686
226
314
1,342
2,460
3,009
1,546
2,724
284
542
161,438
17,591
61
67
263
55
40
391
824
2,208
405
297
1,131
152
32
1,656
2,051
1,097
2,965
427
66
161
2,032
959
251
72,318
317
528
9,444
210
2,404
8,877
330
1,855
1,260
1,332
601
1,379
11,745
2,551
182
231
1.655
20,094
119
194
857
1,922
1,202
623
1,911
159
336
45.9
32.1
17.8
22.3
52.2
15.2
17.3
30.5
16.8
33.6
52.5
27.6
19.4
18.4
11.3
47.8
29.5
67.7
65.4
20.5
13.6
33.2
22.6
42.5
36.5
60.7
68.9
68.0
65.5
51.2
76.4
59.1
50.2
54.5
63.1
64.1
16.7
63.1
59.2
65.4
73.4
59.7
64.6
63.4
52.7
61.8
63.9
78.1
399
40.3
70.2
56.0
62.0
Africa
Cape Verde
Egypt
Ethiopia
Ghana
Kenya
Morocco
Nigeria
South Africa
Tanzania
Uganda
Other Africa
Oceania
Australia
Fiji
New Zealand
Tonga
Western Samoa
Other Oceania
North America
Canada
Mexico
Caribbean
Anguilla
Antigua-Barbuda
Bahamas, The
Barbados
British Virgin Islands
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Haiti
Jamaica
St. Kitts& Nevis
St. Lucia
St Vincent & Grenadines
Trinidad & Tobago
Other Caribbean
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Other North America
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
Other South America
Ages 16 and over.
Naturalizations through 1995 divided by the number of immigrants admitted.
160
VI. ENFORCEMENT Data Overview: Removals
This section covers actions taken by the Immigration and
Naturalization Service to prevent illegal entry into the
United States and to apprehend and remove deportable
aliens from the United States.
Data Overview: Apprehensions
Apprehensions are arrests of aliens who are in violation
of the Immigration and Nationality Act. Apprehensions
of deportable aliens increased dramatically during the
1970s, reaching a total of 8.3 million for the decade.
Apprehensions continued to increase during the 1980s,
reaching a high of 1.8 million in fiscal year 1986.
Following passage of the Immigration Reform and
Control Act of 1986, apprehensions declined sharply in
1987, returning to the levels of 1983-84. By 1989 total
apprehensions fell below one million for the first time
since 1982. Apprehensions increased sharply in 1990,
then slowly through fiscal year 1993, decreased in
fiscal year 1994, and then increased in fiscal year 1995
(Chart T).
The INS began collecting and reporting the nationality
of every apprehended alien in fiscal year 1987. The
1995 data include 181 nationalities; aliens from Mexico
predominated in the statistics, accounting for 96.1
percent of the total. The next largest source countries
were the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, El Salvador,
Honduras, Canada, India, Jamaica, Colombia, and
Nicaragua.
In October 1994, the INS began Operation Gatekeeper, a
commitment of resources to reduce illegal immigration
along the heavily-traveled San Diego-Tijuana border area.
The first phase of Operation Gatekeeper involved
increased Border Patrol staffing and improvements to
detection and identification technology. This phase
coincided with the major devaluation of the Mexican peso
beginning in December 1994. The number of
apprehensions in this area increased dramatically from
January through May 1995. In June, Phase II of
Operation Gatekeeper began. This phase included
intensifying enforcement efforts at the San Ysidro port of
entry where increasing numbers of illegal aliens were
attempting entry with fraudulent documents. The number
of aliens intercepted and formally excluded increased
greatly in the last 3 months of the fiscal year. In addition,
Phase II included increased Border Patrol activity in
eastern San Diego county.
The INS has several options in removing an alien from the
United States. The best known is deportation, the formal
removal of an alien from the United States when the presence
of that alien is deemed inconsistent with the public welfare.
Deportation is ordered by an immigration judge. However,
most aliens are actually removed under a process called
"voluntary return under safeguards." Under this procedure
an alien admits to illegal status and agrees to leave the United
States without a hearing before an immigration judge. The
alien further agrees to remain in custody until departure,
which is observed by an officer of the INS.
If the alien does not agree to these conditions, or if no such
offer is made, the alien is entitled to a hearing before an
immigration judge and is placed under "docket control" in
which an INS office takes control of the processing of the
case. Under certain circumstances the alien may be allowed
by an INS District Director or immigration judge to
voluntarily depart and pay for his or her departure, which
must occur within a specified time frame. Although such
departures are called "voluntary departure under docket
control," they are required and verified. In some cases the
offer of voluntary departure will not or cannot be made;
those cases may result in deportation. Other possible
outcomes of an immigration hearing include adjustment to a
legal status, a stay of deportation, or an alien who absconds.
A deported alien may not be admitted to the United States
for a period of 5 years (20 years in the case of aggravated
felons) after deportation unless the Attorney General grants
a waiver. An apprehended alien who accepts voluntary
return under safeguards or who agrees to voluntarily depart
and pays the expense of departing can be legally admitted in
the future without penalty.
More than 32,000 criminal aliens
were expelled during 1995.
Another type of removal is exclusion. The INS has the
initial responsibility for determining who may be admitted
to the United States. Aliens who are refused admission
may voluntarily withdraw their application for admission
or request a hearing before an immigration judge. The
INS removes those aliens who are ordered excluded and
deported by an immigration judge or the Board of
Immigration Appeals.
The Statistical Yearbook includes detailed statistics on
exclusions only for those aliens who are denied entry after a
formal exclusion hearing before an immigration judge.
However, the overwhelming number of aliens who are found
161
Thousands
Chart T
Aliens Apprehended: Fiscal Years 1951-95
2,000 -
1,750 -
1,500 -
1,250 -
1,000 -
i
1
^
1
J
m
M M
n -
|L_.««I^I
1951 1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
Source: Table 58. See Glossary for fiscal year definitions
In fiscal year 1995, 971,444 aliens withdrew during the
inspection process. Only 19,310 aliens continued their cases
before an immigration judge. The United States formally
excluded 8,154 aliens (some of these aliens had hearings that
began in a previous fiscal year). Five countries accounted
for more than 73 percent of the formal exclusions: Mexico
(4,487); Canada (666); the Dominican Republic (340); the
People's Republic of China (260); and Colombia (252).
The following table illustrates the relative sizes of the
major expulsion types:
Fiscal year 1995 Fiscal year 1994
Voluntary returns
under safeguard 1,302,840 1,022,976
Deportations 41,581 39,830
Exclusions 8,154 5,678
Voluntary departures
under docket control 4,187 5,880
The INS enumerates the largest category of expulsions,
voluntary return under safeguard, for workload
management purposes. Little information is available for
this group. About 99 percent of these removals are of
Mexican nationals who are returned across the southern
border soon after their apprehension.
A removal statistic of great interest is the combination of
deportations and exclusions. More demographic and
immigration data are available for aliens excluded or
deported than are available for the voluntary returns.
Although these data are also available for required
departures, the aliens in that category may be eligible for
an immediate legal reentry to the United States and their
"expulsion" does not have ihe same connotation as a
deportation. In 1995, the INS removed aliens from 149
countries; 21 countries had more than 100 expulsions each.
Mexican nationals accounted for 68.5 percent of all
deportations and exclusions The top 10 nationalities
accounted for 90.7 percent of all removals (see table
below).
The passage of the Immigration Reform and Control Act
in 1986 helped the INS focus on the removal of those
aliens determined to be the greatest threat to society. In
1986 the INS removed 1,978 aliens for criminal and
162
Country
All countries
Mexico
Honduras
El Salvador
Guatemala
Dominican Republic
Colombia
Jamaica
Canada
Nicaragua
Haiti
Number
Percent of
removed
total
49,735
100.0
34,083
68.5
1,878
3.8
1,870
3.8
1,717
3.5
1,602
3.2
1,393
2.8
1,036
2.1
867
1.7
357
.7
326
.7
narcotics violations. The two types of violations thus
accounted for 4 percent of all removals. Most of the rest of
the expelled aliens were charged with illegal entry or with
violating the conditions of their alien status. In 1995 the
proportion of aliens removed who were convicted of
crimes was 64 percent.
enforcement agencies to ensure that aliens convicted of
crimes and incarcerated are placed into deportation
proceedings during or at the end of their prison sentence.
Limitations of Data
INS' current data systems cannot link an apprehension to
its final disposition (removal, adjustment of status, etc.).
Therefore, analysts should use caution when comparing
apprehension and removal data. Apprehended aliens who
choose to use the available appeals procedures will spend
several months and perhaps several years in the process
before final disposition of their cases. In other words,
aliens apprehended in any given fiscal year are quite
likely to be expelled (or adjusted to legal status, etc.) in
some future fiscal year.
In addition, INS statistics on apprehensions and removals
relate to events, not individuals. For example, if an alien
has been apprehended three times during the fiscal year,
that individual will appear three times in the apprehension
statistics.
Fiscal
year
1995.
1994.
1993.
1992.
1991.
1990.
1989,
1988.
Total
aliens
Criminal and narcotics
violations
removed
Number
Percent
49,735
32,029
64.4
45,508
30,361
66.7
42,383
27,683
65.3
43,493
24,203
55.6
33,087
16,953
51.2
29,939
11,569
38.6
34,288
7,801
22.8
25,829
5,956
23.1
Since 1986, the INS has devoted an increasing proportion
of resources to drug interdiction at the border and to
interagency cooperative task forces designed to eliminate
trafficking in illegal drugs within the United States. The
INS has improved its cooperation with other law
The data on removals under docket control reported in this
and other Statistical Yearbooks should be used cautiously.
One problem is the time lag in reporting removals. The data
in this Yearbook have been adjusted to reflect the actual
year of removal. The data for each fiscal year require
updating and cannot be considered complete for at least 4
years. For example, the removals reported during fiscal
year 1995 that occurred in 1994 increased the number for
fiscal year 1994 by almost 1 percent.
Another area of caution involves changes in definitions
across years. The INS has begun incorporating new
information about the crimes of aliens removed in recent
years. This change allows INS to more accurately count
the number of criminals that it removes. The statistics in
this Yearbook reflect these changes and update the data on
reason for removal from fiscal year 1990 onward. For
example, the number of deported aliens recorded as
criminal in 1993 increased from 18,870 (1993 Yearbook)
to 25,066 (1994 Yearbook).
163
TABLE 58. ALIENS APPREHENDED AND EXPELLED
FISCAL YEARS 1892-1995
Apprehended '
Aliens expelled
Year
Deported
Excluded '
Voluntary departures '
1892-1995
33,338,169
1,219,772
678,230
29,815,265
1892-1900
NA
NA
3,127
11,558
22,515
108,211
NA
1901-10
NA
1911-20 ..
NA
128,484
147,457
1.377,210
3,598,949
509,040
543,535
885,587
1,089,583
27,912
92,157
117,086
110,849
129,887
13,544
20,181
19,845
26,951
178,109
189,307
68,217
30,263
20,585
3,784
2,944
3,637
3,313
NA
1921-30
72,233
1931-40
93,330
1941-50
1,470,925
1951-60
3,883,660
1951
673,169
1952
703,778
1953
885,391
1954
1,074,277
1955
254,096
87,696
59,918
53,474
45,336
70,684
1,608356
88,823
15,028
7,297
5,082
7,142
7,988
6,829
96374
7,438
2,667
1,709
907
733
480
411
4,831
743
232,769
1956
80,891
1957
63,379
1958
60,600
1959 ..
56,610
1960
52,796
1961-70
1334328
1961
52,383
1962
92,758
7,637
388
54,164
1963
88,712
7,454
309
69,392
1964
86,597
8,746
421
73,042
1965
110,371
10,143
429
95,263
1966
138,520
9.168
512
123,683
1967 .. .
161,608
212,057
9,260
9,130
468
460
142,343
1968
179,952
1969
283,557
10,505
525
240,958
1970
345,353
16,893
576
303,348
1971-80
8321,498
420,126
231,762
17,639
8,455
655
7,246,812
1971
370,074
1972
505,949
16,266
617
450,927
1973
655,968
16,842
504
568,005
1974
788,145
18,824
589
718,740
1975
766,600
23,438
994
655,814
1976
875.915
27,998
1,228
765,094
1976, TQ
221,824
8,927
318
190,280
1977
1,042,215
30,228
1,035
867,015
1978
1,057,977
28,371
906
975,515
1979
1,076,418
910,361
11,883328
25,888
17,341
212,911
937
672
19,680
966,137
1980
719,211
9,961,750
1981
975,780
16,720
659
823,875
1982
970,246
14,518
698
812,572
1983
1,251,357
18,232
979
931,600
1984
1,246,981
17,607
1,089
909,833
1985
1,348,749
21,358
1,747
1,041,296
1986
1,767,400
22,314
2,278
1,586,320
1987
1,190,488
22,342
1,994
1,091,203
1988
1,008,145
23,136
2,693
911,790
1989
954,243
30,449
3,839
830,802
1990
1,169,939
26,235
3,704
1,022,459
1991-95
6,272,887
1,197,875
1,258,482
186,149
28,923
38,487
28,057
4,164
5,006
5,752,027
1991
1.061,018
1992
1,105,721
1993
1.327,259
37,328
5,055
1,243,211
1994
1,094,717
39,830
5,678
1,028.856
1995
1,394,554
41,581
8,154
1,313,221
' Aliens apprehended were first recorded in 1925. Prior to 1960. data represent total aliens actually apprehended. Since 1960, figures are for total deportable
aliens located, including nonwillful crewman violators. Aliens apprehended in one fiscal year may be expelled in a different fiscal year. ' Excluded aliens are not
apprehended. ' Required departures and voluntary departures not under docket control; first recorded in 1927.
NOTE: See Glossary for fiscal year definitions. NA Not available.
164
TABLE 59. DEPORTABLE ALIENS LOCATED BY STATUS AT ENTRY
AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF NATIONALITY
FISCAL YEAR 1995
All
Crew-
Student
Temporary worker
Immi-
Stow-
TWOV
Entry
without
Region and country
Other
of nationality
located
man
Agricul-
ture
Other
grant
away
inspection
1394,560
2,741
11,905
1,160
1,279
206
896
176
218
9,784
691
381
1365,171
4,059
62
3
13
440
12
3
656
186
France
93
44
2
3
9
21
14
Germany
202
107
2
4
51
23
15
26
11
1
1
1
1
9
2
Italy
124
55
6
2
1
41
2
7
10
Poland
273
141
11
5
1
1
38
73
3
144
32
4
74
29
5
United Kingdom
532
299
8
16
1
1
104
2
1
53
47
Yugoslavia
103
35
2
1
3
26
30
6
Other Europe
1,244
436
170
30
1
7
96
9
411
84
7,612
759
1,419
64
179
9
333
31
12
1
59
1
1,036
61
14
2
4
3,679
550
877
China, People's Republic ..
40
India
2,355
145
9
27
4
50
-
2,023
97
Iran
193
70
3
39
1
25
-
44
11
211
130
1
6
1
20
41
12
Japan
89
32
4
20
4
2
7
-
13
7
211
92
1
46
-
38
23
11
Korea
341
97
16
14
73
119
22
Lebanon
135
64
13
20
25
13
Pakistan
423
97
14
26
2
1
15
230
38
Philippines
702
235
73
18
3
30
233
1
50
59
462
7
1
5
234
5
23
187
1,731
2,084
386
665
48
33
93
251
1
3
15
7
260
211
7
14
3
4
538
552
380
344
Liberia
84
42
4
8
10
4
5
11
Nigeria
548
221
3
123
3
5
61
1
1
81
49
1,452
236
402
153
26
1
120
11
.
2
140
35
9
3
466
19
284
17
1376,649
186
7,198
47
689
3
171
2
154
126
7391
30
570
365
1357,508
98
2,477
Belize
6
Canada
4,014
1,098
3
9
3
12
88
1
2,676
124
154
1,057
66
13
10
1
2
1
3
8
9
157
3
1
56
349
7
Cuba
. 525
Dominican Republic
6,613
300
42
11
2
11
1,344
58
7
4,731
: 107
6,077
6,450
55
92
11
46
1
1
2
1
165
65
4
2
5,810
6,216
33
Guatemala
23
Haiti
1,096
88
347
4
1
188
5
366
97
Honduras
5,796
100
99
5
3
3
76
10
5,467
33
Jamaica
2,108
577
39
12
84
16
881
34
4
291
170
Mexico
1,340,458
4,206
15
99
52
65
3,925
438
347
1,330,017
1,294
Nicaragua
1.488
104
46
6
4
1
42
2
4
1,273
6
Panama
222
67
5
2
1
79
8
48
12
Trinidad & Tobago
414
181
8
7
1
1
190
15
11
Other North America
516
204
14
9
3
3
152
7
95
29
5,226
75
1308
35
167
68
I
4
13
671
18
81
5
2,754
16
155
5
Brazil
625
225
11
1
17
1
1
356
13
Colombia
1,964
564
57
25
3
336
51
3
850
75
1,236
93
13
7
76
6
1
1,029
11
Guyana
263
28
15
1
8
138
21
30
22
Peru
554
134
50
5
3
55
294
13
Venezuela
222
126
4
11
2
11
1
62
5
Other South America
287
103
28
7
20
1
117
11
Unknown or not reported
12
2
4
3
3
TWOV represents transit without visa. See Glossary for definition.
Represents zero.
165
TABLE 60. ALIENS EXCLUDED BY CAUSE
FISCAL YEARS 1892-1984
Year
Total
Subversive
or
anarchist
Criminal
or
narcotics
violations
Immoral
Mental or
physical
defect
Likely to
become
public
charge
Stowaway
Attempted
entry
without
proper
documents
Contract
laborer
Unable to
read (over
16 years
of age)
Other
1892-1984
633,918
22,515
108,211
178,109
189,307
68,217
30,263
20,585
4,831
8,455
655
617
504
589
994
1,228
318
1,035
906
937
672
3,425
659
698
979
1,089
1379
10
27
9
5
60
1,098
128
32
11
8
2
4
1
4
2
10
5
4
1
14,287
65
1,681
4,353
2,082
1,261
1,134
1,791
383
837
49
60
58
93
91
75
23
146
81
95
66
700
152
183
205
160
8,233
89
1,277
4,824
1,281
253
80
361
24
20
1
5
1
3
1
2
3
1
3
24
4
10
8
2
82,593
1,309
24,425
42,129
11,044
1,530
1,021
956
145
31
11
5
5
2
4
1
3
3
1
2
219,421
15,070
63,311
90,045
37,175
12,519
1,072
149
27
31
2
3
6
3
5
7
2
1
2
22
13
6
3
16,247
1,904
8,447
2,126
3,182
376
175
30
21
4
1
1
2
1
7
2
2
3
192,545
94,084
47,858
22,441
14,657
3,706
7,237
536
511
415
451
854
1,122
288
865
798
817
580
2,562
486
478
728
870
41,941
5,792
12,991
15,417
6,274
1,235
219
13
13,679
5,083
8,202
258
108
26
2
43,593
1892-1900
190
1901-10
1911-20
4,516
14,327
1921-30
20,709
1931-40
1,172
1941-50 ..
946
1951-60
1,158
1961-70
241
1971-80
237
1971
24
1972
21
1973
1974
1975
1976
1976, TQ
17
36
36
22
7
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981-84
16
22
16
20
97
1981
11
1982
1983
8
29
1984
49
NOTE: From 1941-53, figures represent all exclusions at sea and air ports and exclusions of aliens seeking entry for 30 days or longer at land ports. After 1953,
includes aliens excluded after formal hearings. See Glossary for fiscal year definitions.
- Represents zero.
TABLE 61. ALIENS EXCLUDED BY CAUSE
FISCAL YEARS 1985-95
Convictions for
Related to criminal
Attempted entry
Year
Total
criminal or
or narcotics
without proper
Other
narcotics violations
violations
documents
1985-95
44J1 2
14,674
6
27,109
2,523
1985
1,747
297
1,351
99
1986
2,278
270
1,904
104
1987
1,994
426
1,423
145
1988
2,693
482
-
2,043
168
1989
3,839
773
-
2,868
198
1990
3,704
952
2,546
206
1991
4,164
1,415
1
2,443
305
1992
5,006
1,833
4
2,908
261
1993
5,055
2.566
1
2,220
268
1994
5,678
2,703
2,651
324
1995
8,154
2,957
4,752
445
NOTE: Data include aliens excluded after formal hearings See Glossary for fiscal year definitions The definition of which aliens counted as criminal aliens
changed in 1990. See Enforcement section of text.
- Represents zero
166
TABLE 62. ALIENS EXCLUDED BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF BIRTH
FISCAL YEARS 1991-95
Region and country of birth
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
4,164
165
5,006
195
5,055
164
5,678
234
8,154
219
France
6
5
11
9
12
Italy
16
23
13
15
11
Netherlands
8
7
1
1
12
Poland
17
34
13
30
22
Romania
3
3
3
13
27
United Kingdom
47
47
45
60
38
Yugoslavia
5
10
12
21
27
63
66
66
85
70
368
787
697
1,065
755
Bangladesh
33
55
46
39
35
Cambodia
2
14
China, People's Republic
27
38
60
408
260
India
53
141
226
175
130
Korea
8
15
17
28
25
Lebanon
17
14
37
18
20
Pakistan
59
280
97
117
98
Philippines
34
90
48
82
56
45
70
1
46
5
32
10
12
15
Turkey
7
5
2
6
13
85
123
78
253
113
299
148
372
77
444
Coted' Ivoire
2
5
11
13
14
Egypt
6
4
6
7
11
Ghana
41
54
82
91
132
Guinea
1
11
4
4
11
Liberia
2
9
20
12
20
22
19
13
20
35
Nigeria
20
98
103
146
113
Senegal
1
2
8
7
17
28
22
1
50
20
6
46
35
2
70
23
11
80
15
3,003
3,256
3,427
3,500
6,211
Canada
561
771
921
817
666
Mexico
1,110
1,182
1,319
1,630
4,487
1,146
961
1,012
813
788
10
7
12
10
12
Cuba
111
117
117
66
37
Dominican Republic
411
279
505
432
340
Haiti
389
285
156
50
128
156
200
181
205
210
36
39
15
29
27
33
186
8
34
341
9
26
175
16
21
238
15
34
270
16
Belize
58
50
135
123
68
52
79
86
117
81
Guatemala
46
40
20
44
28
Nicaragua
8
7
10
8
12
16
463
13
27
1
485
11
9
430
23
6
2
476
18
16
507
22
Brazil
109
113
58
68
50
177
161
190
260
252
Ecuador
57
61
42
15
40
41
28
41
70
50
51
35
54
59
44
Peru
6
12
6
10
31
32
20
16
10
10
3
16
8
9
3
Unknown or not reported
- Represents zero.
167
TABLE 63. ALIENS UNDER DOCKET CONTROL REQUIRED TO DEPART
BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF NATIONALITY
FISCAL YEARS 1991-95
Region and country of nationality
All countries
Europe
Bulgaria
France
Germany
Poland
Romania
Soviet Union
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
China, People's Republic
India
Japan
Jordan
Korea
Laos
Philippines
Thailand
Other Asia
Africa
Egypt
Nigeria
Other Africa
Oceania
Fiji
Other Oceania
North America
Canada
Mexico
Caribbean
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Haiti
Jamaica
Trinidad & Tobago
Other Caribbean
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Other Central America
South America
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Other South America
Stateless or not reported
7,138
769
10
49
45
279
12
7
112
50
205
761
51
46
113
22
61
3
119
28
318
173
10
10
153
56
4
52
4,866
103
2,520
453
22
243
13
94
34
47
1,790
24
31
643
404
220
435
33
404
59
14
120
41
70
21
79
7,591
689
19
49
32
244
17
10
100
26
192
816
95
48
59
36
45
2
190
27
314
214
22
30
162
54
3
51
5314
120
3,150
426
12
280
15
73
27
19
1,618
16
24
629
365
176
392
16
441
49
16
152
43
69
31
81
6351
495
28
29
23
129
36
24
82
25
119
756
107
65
38
37
48
11
193
23
234
134
31
25
78
51
13
38
4338
92
2,772
486
21
347
10
63
26
19
1,188
12
16
580
204
122
236
18
327
35
19
95
40
52
19
67
5,880
533
46
18
21
102
72
66
74
24
110
700
48
69
21
29
55
5
245
7
221
94
11
17
66
43
17
26
4,163
67
2,731
521
32
385
20
41
18
25
844
13
9
330
143
130
206
13
322
35
20
98
28
70
16
55
4,187
309
31
18
20
28
41
40
53
12
66
383
30
43
14
18
31
12
151
14
70
74
15
12
47
26
10
16
3,145
44
2,278
354
23
238
28
33
13
19
469
15
12
160
122
78
73
9
243
26
11
95
18
50
19
24
168
TABLE 64. ALIENS UNDER DOCKET CONTROL REQUIRED TO DEPART BY
CAUSE AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF NATIONALITY
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Convictions
Related to
Entered
Violation of
Region and country
for criminal
criminal or
nonim-
Other
of nationality
or narcotics
narcotics
inspection
migrant
violations
violations
status
4,187
309
429
7
12
3,113
157
457
125
176
19
31
13
18
-
18
-
8
9
1
20
1
-
13
5
1
Poland
28
1
17
8
2
41
1
-
26
12
2
40
53
1
1
1
16
20
15
30
8
United Kingdom
1
Yugoslavia
12
-
8
4
-
66
2
_
36
24
4
383
30
12
4
2
190
12
154
14
25
China, People's Republic
43
22
15
6
14
6
8
■
18
1
7
8
2
Korea
31
-
11
17
3
Laos
12
1
-
11
-
Philippines
151
3
-
81
59
8
14
-2
6
5
1
70
74
15
3
5
-
34
41
9
28
23
6
5
5
Egypt
-
12
3
-
3
4
2
47
26
2
1
29
16
13
7
3
2
10
-
9
1
16
3,145
44
1
366
7
7
4
7
2,550
16
6
102
10
2
120
Canada
7
2,278
281
3
1,891
48
55
354
23
55
9
■
232
1
19
48
Cuba
13
238
34
176
4
24
Haiti
28
3
19
3
3
33
7
16
4
6
13
7
4
2
19
469
15
12
160
122
78
2
23
8
8
3
"
13
411
15
8
146
102
72
4
25
4
4
8
1
10
-
-
2
4
2
73
2
65
4
2
9
2
3
4
243
26
11
95
18
50
19
24
7
37
2
1
25
2
3
3
1
2
2
155
21
4
50
15
38
11
16
4
46
3
6
17
1
9
4
6
3
Chile .
1
Peru
1
1
1
2
NOTE: The definition of which aliens counted as criminal aliens changed in 1990. See Enforcement section of text.
Represents zero.
169
TABLE 65. ALIENS DEPORTED BY CAUSE
FISCAL YEARS 1908-80
Year
Total
Subver-
sive or
anarchist
Criminal
viola-
tions
Immoral
Narcotics
viola-
tions
Mental
or
physical
defect
Previ-
ously
excluded
or
deported
Failed to
maintain
or comply
with con-
ditions of
nonim-
migrant
status
Entered
without
proper
docu-
ments
Entered
without
inspec-
tion or
by false
state-
ments
Public
charge
Unable
to read
(over 16
years
of age)
Other
1908-80
812,915
6,888
27,912
92,157
117,086
1 10,849
129,887
96,374
231,762
17,639
16,266
16,842
18,824
23,438
27,998
8,927
30,228
28,371
25,888
17,341
1,528
353
642
253
17
230
15
18
2
2
7
3
1
3
48330
236
1,209
8,383
16,597
8,945
6,742
3,694
2,524
286
266
226
191
225
272
83
285
220
264
206
16,582
784
4,238
4,838
759
1,175
397
67
9
7
7
7
4
8
2
6
4
9
4
8339
6,364
374
1,108
822
947
1,462
3,626
232
307
395
396
583
464
110
372
314
265
188
27305
3,228
178
8,936
6,301
1,560
642
236
38
7
3
7
7
6
2
3
1
2
41,022
1,842
9,729
17,642
4,002
3,601
4,028
476
487
594
440
526
481
141
315
236
202
130
124,465
5,556
14,669
13,906
25,260
31,334
33,740
4,140
3,966
3,989
3,839
3,649
3,782
1,007
3,150
2,543
1,901
1,774
154,896
31,704
45,480
14,288
35,090
11,831
16,503
2,979
2,710
2,247
2,086
1,896
1,185
271
1,066
871
707
485
334,889
1,106
4,128
5,265
5,159
50,209
54,457
43,561
171,004
9,483
8,486
9,342
11,839
16,529
21,777
7,304
25,012
24,165
22,525
14,542
22,556
474
9,086
10,703
1,886
143
225
8
31
4
6
4
2
1
1
3
1
5
3
1
16,672
704
5,977
8,329
1,746
5
1
1
16341
1908-10
1,060
1911-20
1,566
1921-30
8,537
1931-40
2,737
1941-50
812
1951-60
1,112
1961-70
235
1971-80
182
1971
21
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1976, TQ
1977
1978
1979
1980
26
24
14
19
24
6
15
12
10
11
NOTE: Deportation statistics by cause were not available prior to fiscal year 1908. See Glossary for fiscal year definitions.
- Represents zero.
TABLE 66. ALIENS DEPORTED BY CAUSE
FISCAL YEARS 1981-95
Convictions
Related to
Entered
without
inspection
Violation of
Year
Total
for criminal
or narcotics
criminal or
narcotics
nonim-
migrant
Other
violations
violations
status
1981-95
399,060
152,811
4,194
209,722
19,097
13,236
1981-90
212,911
33,056
1,828
153345
15,842
8,840
1981
16,720
310
54
13,601
1,959
796
1982
14,518
413
64
11,554
1,796
691
1983
18,232
863
93
14,318
1,958
1,000
1984
17,607
981
80
14,082
1,702
762
1985
21,358
1,551
151
16,957
1,916
783
1986
22,314
1,708
165
17,812
1,865
764
1987
22,342
4,111
274
15,833
1,273
851
1988
23.136
5,474
308
15,337
996
1,021
1989
30,449
7,028
342
20,648
1,249
1,182
1990
26.235
10,617
297
13,203
1,128
990
1991-95
186,149
119,755
2366
56377
3,255
4396
1991
28,923
15,538
476
10,919
974
1,016
1992
38,487
22,370
690
13,449
862
1,116
1993
37,328
25,117
485
10,383
529
814
1994
39,830
27,658
474
10,391
479
828
1995
41,581
29,072
241
11,235
411
622
NOTE: The definition of which aliens counted as criminal aliens changed in 1990 See Enforcement section of text
170
TABLE 67. ALIENS DEPORTED BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF NATIONALITY
FISCAL YEARS 1991-95
Region anu country of nationality
1994
1995
All countries
Europe
France
Germany
Italy
Poland
Portugal
Spain
United Kingdom
Other Europe
Asia
China, People's Republic
India
Iran
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Lebanon
Pakistan
Philippines
Other Asia
Africa
Ghana
Niger
Nigeria
Other Africa
Oceania
North America
Canada
Mexico
Caribbean
Bahamas, The
Barbados
Dominican Republic ....
Haiti
Jamaica
Trinidad & Tobago
Other Caribbean
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Peru
Venezuela
Other South America
Stateless or not reported ...
28,923
450
27
31
27
76
25
7
154
103
457
16
27
18
34
92
12
20
33
274
10
63
125
76
38
26,112
264
19,834
1,717
37
19
716
169
612
81
83
4,297
84
43
1,510
1,063
1,262
265
70
1,360
24
23
58
33
919
96
56
96
41
14
232
38,487
626
30
55
48
98
40
11
174
170
590
39
42
44
42
22
38
28
45
132
158
392
15
57
205
115
40
34,955
279
26,457
2,458
60
20
1,079
168
934
107
90
5,761
97
42
1,954
1,407
1,849
307
105
1,784
36
23
56
26
1,221
108
106
126
67
15
100
37328
673
44
87
44
64
42
14
226
152
547
40
38
46
45
31
31
36
38
120
122
417
24
34
234
125
42
33,968
232
25,779
2,502
56
27
1,153
159
888
123
96
5,455
114
38
2,006
1,307
1,642
243
105
1,635
16
23
39
43
1,114
93
81
158
42
26
46
39,830
733
49
80
47
54
45
19
255
184
585
44
41
43
31
40
27
35
29
148
147
582
32
17
349
184
65
36,101
208
28,439
2315
53
27
1,135
106
795
104
95
5,139
83
27
1,783
1,190
1,588
369
99
1,717
27
20
57
38
1,169
107
75
141
60
23
47
41381
713
52
84
55
44
34
25
218
201
519
41
28
38
31
27
25
26
44
133
126
454
41
31
211
171
70
38,123
201
29,596
2,573
59
25
1,262
198
826
118
85
5,753
55
33
1,753
1,636
1.850
345
81
1,666
26
25
35
52
1.141
120
63
153
44
7
36
171
TABLE 68. ALIENS DEPORTED BY REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY TO WHICH DEPORTED
FISCAL YEARS 1991-95
Region and country
to which deported
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
28,923
38,487
37328
39,830
41,581
433
19
559
19
635
34
680
37
677
47
Italy
Poland
46
21
70
59
46
87
95
44
63
80
46
51
84
50
46
26
157
94
39
150
159
41
202
156
40
228
198
33
209
208
436
9
21
553
29
35
521
30
32
570
35
37
489
China, People's Republic
India
35
25
14
36
31
35
33
33
46
38
32
33
89
11
24
35
31
28
41
26
27
24
32
45
37
32
41
Philippines
88
139
274
123
180
386
118
176
404
146
186
579
134
137
445
9
17
24
33
42
Niger
75
112
78
49
89
175
105
54
77
190
113
57
51
320
175
78
59
184
160
76
26,340
35,133
34,070
36,198
38,216
Canada
333
381
294
253
248
Mexico
20,065
26,653
25.943
28,582
29,742
1,734
2,487
2,508
2,328
2,573
Bahamas, The
38
63
56
54
56
Barbados
18
20
28
26
24
Dominica
46
96
50
53
58
Dominican Republic
710
1,023
1.137
1,124
1,225
Haiti
169
166
155
102
195
Jamaica
610
934
885
797
825
Trinidad & Tobago
77
107
124
103
118
66
4,208
85
78
5,612
73
5,325
69
5,035
72
5,653
Belize
100
117
83
58
38
1,461
1,039
46
1.900
1.356
36
1,981
1.258
30
1,775
1,146
33
1,736
1.576
Honduras
1,267
1,828
1,607
1.559
1.841
Nicaragua
253
286
228
352
332
Panama
65
96
98
90
77
1,384
67
1,796
1,629
1,720
1,674
Brazil
55
38
54
38
Chile
29
27
41
39
55
Colombia
946
1.239
1.111
1.190
1.157
Ecuador
96
107
92
106
116
Guyana
56
104
81
75
64
Peru
98
131
167
138
150
35
57
37
52
43
57
7
76
6
62
12
66
5
51
Stateless or not reported
4
172
TABLE 69. ALIENS DEPORTED BY CAUSE AND REGION AND SELECTED COUNTRY OF NATIONALITY
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Convictions
Related to
Entered
Violation of
Region and country
Total
for criminal
criminal or
nonim-
Other
of nationality
or narcotics
narcotics
inspection
migrant
violations
violations
status
41,581
713
29,072
241
11,235
411
622
326
6
191
168
22
France
52
23
13
14
2
Germany
84
29
27
25
3
Italy
55
28
16
11
Poland
44
17
16
11
Portugal
34
28
-
4
1
1
Spain
25
6
3
4
12
United Kingdom
218
124
3
39
42
10
201
71
72
52
6
519
288
2
119
79
31
China, People's Republic
41
18
-
16
2
5
India
28
13
-
10
3
2
Iran
38
28
-
3
7
Israel
31
15
-
10
6
Japan
27
10
-
8
8
1
Korea
25
11
-
8
6
-
Lebanon
26
19
6
1
Pakistan
44
28
9
2
5
Philippines
133
73
1
19
28
12
126
454
73
354
1
2
30
54
17
33
5
11
Ghana
41
36
2
2
1
Niger
31
23
1
2
5
Nigeria
211
179
1
19
8
4
171
70
116
39
31
15
18
15
6
1
38,123
201
26,722
152
225
11
10,546
21
92
6
538
Canada
11
Mexico
29.596
22.158
200
6,755
53
430
2,573
2,253
4
248
16
52
Bahamas, The
59
52
4
3
Barbados
25
22
1
Dominican Republic
1,262
1,076
2
149
4
31
Haiti
198
180
1
13
4
Jamaica
826
753
1
53
5
14
118
102
12
2
2
85
5,753
55
68
2,159
46
10
15
3,522
9
1
17
1
45
Belize
33
1,753
1,636
24
902
471
5
2
9
833
1,147
6
13
10
1,850
508
1
1,315
7
19
345
132
2
204
4
3
81
76
5
1,666
26
1,315
16
6
303
8
24
2
18
25
18
6
1
Brazil
35
10
21
3
1
Chile
52
27
24
1
1,141
993
5
126
9
8
120
74
1
41
2
2
63
153
49
92
9
57
1
2
4
Peru
2
44
30
-
10
3
1
7
6
-
1
-
Stateless or not reported
36
28
-
7
1
NOTE: The definition of which aliens counled as criminal aliens changed in 1 990. See Enforcement section of text. - Represents zero.
173
TABLE 70. ALIENS DEPORTED AND UNDER DOCKET CONTROL
REQUIRED TO DEPART BY STATUS AT ENTRY
FISCAL YEARS 1990-95
Status at entry
1990
1991
1992
1993
Aliens deported:
Total
Immigrant (except displaced person or refugee)
Displaced person or refugee
Foreign government official
Temporary visitor
Visitor for business — Visa Waiver
Visitor for pleasure — Visa Waiver
Transit alien
Crewman
Treaty trader or investor
Representative to international organization
Returning resident alien
Student — academic institution
Student — vocational
Entered without inspection
Other temporary worker or industrial trainee ....
Representative of foreign information media ....
Exchange visitor
Fiance(e)
Intracompany transferee
Other or unknown
Aliens under docket control required to depart: '
Total
Immigrant (except displaced person or refugee)
Displaced person or refugee
Foreign government official
Temporary visitor
Visitor for business- — Visa Waiver
Visitor for pleasure — Visa Waiver
Transit alien
Crewman
Treaty trader or investor
Representative to international organization
Returning resident alien
Student — academic institution
Student — vocational
Entered without inspection
Other temporary worker or industrial trainee ,...
Representative of foreign information media ....
Exchange visitor
Fiance(e)
Intracompany transferee
Other or unknown
26,235
1,221
57
15
1,608
1
68
37
154
5
3
4
189
4
21,877
102
2
7
5
4
872
11,516
154
50
13
2,248
1
5
64
110
27
311
13
7,882
102
3
66
20
35
408
28,923
1,547
1,646
2
98
46
102
16
2
175
2
24,317
52
1
10
9
10
794
7,138
118
25
8
1,697
29
49
54
26
176
9
4,570
71
42
12
38,487
2,418
143
18
2,165
2
22
38
139
10
3
287
5
32,232
103
3
16
15
5
863
7,591
148
22
6
1.655
2
47
44
9
I
170
10
5,073
107
54
26
10
207
37328
2,789
186
11
1,967
17
178
34
93
9
1
210
6
30,884
83
5
10
10
5
830
6351
125
31
1,331
16
2
139
6
4.308
58
56
16
39,830
2,904
148
11
2,145
11
250
55
81
6
3
3
263
7
33,038
18
22
4
789
5,880
121
34
5
1.184
1
19
51
29
7
2
107
4
3,956
151
46
15
7
141
Excludes required departures of technical violators and direct departures under safeguards
Represents zero.
! ':
TABLE 71. ALIENS EXPELLED BY REGION AND DISTRICT OFFICE
FISCAL YEAR 1995
Region and district office
All regions
Eastern Region
Atlanta, GA
Baltimore, MD
Boston, MA
Buffalo, NY
Cleveland, OH
Detroit, MI
Miami, FL
Newark, NJ
New Orleans, LA ..
New York, NY
Philadelphia, PA ...
Portland, ME
San Juan, PR
Washington, DC
Central Region
Chicago, IL
Dallas, TX
Denver, CO
El Paso, TX
Harlingen, TX
Helena, MT
Houston, TX
Kansas, MO
Omaha, NE
St. Paul, MN
San Antonio, TX ...
Western Region
Anchorage, AK
Honolulu, HI
Los Angeles, CA ...
Phoenix, AZ
Portland, OR
San Diego, CA
San Francisco, CA
Seattle, WA
Voluntary departures '
1307,027
7,326
973
122
47
1,666
82
676
440
34
225
103
220
650
1.9%
92
468,207
708
8,709
973
118.658
165,316
126
63
603
166
547
172.338
831,494
37
218
5.294
249.119
45
558,680
15.835
2.266
Required departures and voluntary departures not under docket control.
Represents zero.
175
TABLE 72. SERVICE PARTICIPATION IN THE CONTROL OF MARIJUANA, NARCOTICS,
AND DANGEROUS DRUG TRAFFIC
FISCAL YEARS 1984-95
Type of contraband
Year and seizure
Marijuana
Heroin
Opium
Cocaine
Hashish
Dangerous
drug pills
(units)
Other
Total
(lbs.)
(ozs.)
(ozs.)
(ozs.)
(ozs.)
1984:
Number of seizures
1,104
24
2
155
79
97
40
1,501
Amount seized
37,700.7
29,592,892
412.9
11,061,697
27.7
23,232
3,605.8
12,532,267
77.8
41,606
46,065
31,199
X
1,124,084
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars) ..
54,406,977
1985:
Number of seizures
1,853
33
4
169
200
151
47
2,457
Amount seized
72,469.9
371.4
34.9
22,142.9
92.4
13,290
X
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars) ..
49,883,060
4,093,249
17,325
75,822,274
69.761
15,111
169,248
130.070,028
1986:
Number of seizures
2,377
71
3
291
391
238
110
3,481
Amount seized
143,232.8
990.4
65.1
44,200.5
460.7
160,392
X
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars) ..
91,173,982
59,758,294
1,529,600
111,111,329
182,965
267,252
180,581
264,204,003
1987:
Number of seizures
4,003
83
3
511
279
312
201
5,392
Amount seized
225,946.7
188,351,449
1,327.4
27,261.814
184.1
103,300
209,259.8
435,983,013
115.6
28,312
654,437
2,525,201
X
7,423,275
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars) ..
661,676,364
1988:
Number of seizures
4,190
126
3
676
259
231
339
5,824
333,790.1
250,444,625
1,307.0
40,370,058
19.8
250,800
236,520.4
505,038,974
107.9
39,634
104,043
145,194
X
7.245,615
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars) ..
803.534,900
1989:
Number of seizures
5,920
368
13
1,609
181
224
441
8.756
Amount seized
556,864.7
442,913,841
23,767.6
193,443,462
231.3
216,803
641,487.5
1.346.492,775
79.0
101,486
6,113,197
1,896,080
X
2.870,994
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars) ..
1,987.935.441
1990:
Number of seizures
4,759
577
X
1.847
X
164
388
7,735
Amount seized
441,125.9
6,193.0
X
832,419.0
X
73,249
X
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars) .
335,137,424
56,229.417
X
1,334,308,733
X
230.468
13,527,003
1,739,433,045
1991:
Number of seizures
4,983
403
X
1,624
X
133
289
7.432
Amount seized ...
388,104.3
330,633,986
3,717.3
31,734,541
X
X
877,419.5
1,224,947,975
X
X
160,431
380,698
X
5.783,668
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars) ..
1,593.480.868
1992:
Number of seizures
6,162
285
X
1,265
X
93
276
8.081
Amount seized
587,512.5
6,859.6
X
796,681.0
X
362,199
X
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars) .
552,035,249
70,081,917
X
1.008,758.349
X
2,763,233
2,215,141
1.635.853.889
1993:
Number of seizures
7.848
270
X
1,217
X
111
364
9,810
Amount seized
683,649
574,514,441
5,977
74,301,714
X
X
863,740
1.510,042.908
X
X
75.921
173,370
X
15,909,284
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars)
2.174.941.717
1994:
Number of seizures
7,151
280
X
978
X
116
414
8,939
Amount seized
676.584
5.791
X
792,323
X
104,658
X
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars)
547,456,311
33.210.874
X
1,618.594.122
X
445,487
34,407,812
2,234,114,606
1995:
6,708
724,692
635.665.582
271
13.307
53.525.115
X
X
X
924
84.719
2.185,618.425
X
X
X
134
250,970
228,979
369
X
35,632,299
8,406
Amount seized
X
Estimated value of seizures (dollars)
2.910,670,400
NOTE: Corrections to this table may have changed data when compared to previous Yearbooks. Starting in 1990, the reporting of opium seizures is combined with
heroin, and hashish is combined with marijuana. X Not applicable.
176
TABLE 73. PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE BORDER PATROL
FISCAL YEARS 1989-95
Activities and
accomplishments
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
906,535
891,147
830,985
2,592
5,686
727,400
5,297
54,865
13,794
50,638
10,789
1,212,724,491
1,191,505,131
21,219,360
1,123,223
1,103353
1,054,849
4,661
7.544
865,739
5,746
42,758
21,901
71.049
17,275
843,562,055
797,768,179
45.793,876
1,152,667
1,132,933
1,095,122
4.707
8,095
978,807
6,666
31,145
18,826
64,170
14,261
950,199,178
910,146,141
40,053,037
1,221,904
1,199,560
1,168,946
5,488
7,165
1,065,159
6,167
24,447
17,237
69,538
11.391
1,247,938,634
1,216,833,993
31,104,641
1,281,721
1,263,490
1,230,124
5,393
7.403
1,117.414
5,249
28,117
15,266
80,835
10,995
1,382,898,517
1,337,766,371
45,132.146
1,046,576
1,031,668
999,890
5,162
8,068
901.826
3,400
28,378
14,143
92,934
9.134
1,598,053,619
1,555,731,987
42,321,632
1336,518
1324,202
1,293308
Working in agriculture
Working in trades, crafts,
industry, and service
Welfare/seeking employment
4,487
12,552
1,185,761
3,463
27,231
Smugglers of aliens located
Aliens located who were
smuggled into the United States
12,796
102,591
9.327
Value of seizures (dollars)
Other
733,049,906
686,593,172
46,456,734
NOTE: Data on aliens previously expelled, aliens located with previous criminal records, conveyances examined, and persons questioned shown in previous
Yearbooks are not available starting with fiscal year 1990.
177
TABLE 74. PROSECUTIONS, FINES, AND IMPRISONMENT FOR IMMIGRATION
AND NATIONALITY VIOLATIONS
FISCAL YEARS 1989-95
Action taken
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
Prosecutions:
Total disposed of
Convictions
Acquittals
Dismissals '
Prosecutions for immigration violations:
Disposed of ,
Convictions
Acquittals
Dismissals '
Prosecution for nationality violations:
Disposed of
Convictions
Acquittals
Dismissals '
Aggregate fines and imprisonment:
Fines (dollars)
Immigration violations
Nationality violations
Imprisonment (years)
Immigration violations
Nationality violations
1 Dismissed or otherwise closed.
- Represents zero.
18,580
12,561
105
5,914
17,992
12,379
105
5,508
588
182
1,830,594
1,828,694
1,900
4,579
4,558
21
20,079
12,719
50
7,310
19^51
12.515
728
204
2
522
2,935,664
2,872,279
63,385
5,749
5,642
107
18,882
11,509
80
7,293
18,297
11,392
77
6,828
585
117
3
465
2,622,659
2,508,084
114,575
5,748
5,610
138
14,655
9,865
57
4,733
14,138
9,766
57
4,315
517
99
1,673,488
1,670,839
2,649
5,592
5,550
42
19,650
12,538
251
6,861
18,958
12,252
169
6,537
2,774,183
2,766,523
7,660
8,754
8,660
94
15,348
10,646
91
4,611
14,842
10.486
81
4,275
506
160
10
336
101,690,918
101,683,838
7,080
8,931
8,895
36
TABLE 75. CONVICTIONS FOR IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY VIOLATIONS
FISCAL YEARS 1989-95
Violations
All violations
Immigration violations
Entry of aliens illegally
Reentries of deported aliens
Bringing in, transporting, harboring, and
inducing illegal entry of aliens
Fraud, misuse of visas, entry permits,
and other entry documents
Fraud and false statements or entries
Alien registration or alien address
violations
Producing, transferring, possessing,
using, or selling false identification
documents
Conspire to defraud US
Producing, processing, selling of a
controlled substance
Other violations
Nationality violations
False representation as citizens of US
False statements and procurement of
citizenship or naturalization unlawfully
Reproduction and sale of citizenship
and naturalization papers
NA Not available
12,561
12379
7,659
381
860
228
142
370
560
NA
2,106
182
156
3
23
12325
8,162
444
289
83
597
615
NA
569
204
137
11,509
11392
7,214
547
1,498
318
68
93
602
252
466
334
117
69
36
12
9,865
9,766
6,341
477
977
306
109
497
121
498
401
12,538
12,252
7,184
767
1,010
546
578
671
221
762
499
286
221
64
1
10,646
10,486
6,615
803
734
427
384
599
134
556
218
160
129
178
TABLE 76. WRITS OF HABEAS CORPUS, JUDICIAL REVIEW OF ORDERS OF DEPORTATION, AND
DECLARATORY JUDGEMENTS IN EXCLUSION AND DEPORTATION CASES
FISCAL YEARS 1989-95
Action taken
Writs of habeas corpus:
Total disposed of
Favorable to U.S. government
Unfavorable to U.S. government
Withdrawn or otherwise closed
Total pending end of year
Judicial review of orders of deportation
(Section 106, INA):
Total disposed of
Favorable to U.S. government
Unfavorable to U.S. government
Withdrawn or otherwise closed
Total pending end of year
Declaratory judgements :
Total disposed of
Favorable to U.S. government
Unfavorable to U.S. government
Withdrawn or otherwise closed
Involving claims of U.S. nationality (8 U.S.C. 1503)
Favorable to U.S. government
Unfavorable to U.S. government
Withdrawn or otherwise closed
Involving exclusion or deportation
Favorable to U.S. government
Unfavorable to U.S. government
Withdrawn or otherwise closed
- Represents zero.
254
213
33
125
355
174
9
172
671
305
219
11
75
17
10
288
209
11
150
122
12
16
294
264
162
29
73
709
170
123
12
35
6
4
164
119
12
33
397
363
15
19
248
392
252
35
105
593
191
141
13
37
1
3
187
141
12
34
331
278
12
41
388
608
441
57
110
708
182
137
21
24
19
17
1
1
163
120
20
23
447
405
15
27
425
807
595
97
115
766
173
137
18
18
7
6
166
131
18
17
343
301
21
21
553
685
575
58
52
837
145
129
3
13
4
3
141
126
3
12
436
353
23
60
532
823
668
101
54
158
115
19
24
10
4
148
111
17
20
174
TABLE 77. PRIVATE IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY BILLS
INTRODUCED AND LAWS ENACTED
77TH THROUGH 104TH CONGRESS
Congress
Laws
enacted
104th Congress
103rd Congress
102nd Congress
101st Congress
1 00th Congress
99th Congress
98th Congress
97th Congress
96th Congress
95th Congress
94th Congress
93rd Congress
92nd Congress
91st Congress
90th Congress
89th Congress
88th Congress
87th Congress
86th Congress
85th Congress
84th Congress
83rd Congress
82nd Congress
81st Congress
80th Congress
79th Congress
78th Congress
77th Congress
- Represents zero.
4
11
7
20
15
33
42
83
138
99
63
62
113
218
279
196
544
488
927
1,227
753
729
505
121
14
12
22
180
VII. PUBLIC USE
FILES
Information on aliens granted permanent resident
(immigrant) status may be purchased on magnetic tapes or
cartridges from the National Technical Information Service
(NTIS). These files, which contain information on
immigrants admitted from fiscal years 1972-95, are on 11
tapes, each generally covering a 3-year span. The
variables included on the files are:
♦ Port of entry
♦ Month of admission
♦ Year of admission
♦ Class of admission
♦ Age
♦ Country of birth
♦ Marital status
♦ Sex
♦ Nationality
♦ Occupation
♦ Country of
chargeability
♦ Country of last
permanent residence
♦ Nonimmigrant class of
entry
♦ Nonimmigrant year of
entry
♦ INS district of intended
residence
♦ State and Zip code of
intended residence
The tapes are formatted in EBCDIC or ASCII character set
and are available in 9-track 1,600 bpi or 6,250 bpi.
Additionally, data are available upon request on IBM 3480
cartridges. Documentation is included for each year and
may be sold separately.
The Statistical Yearbook may also be purchased from
NTIS in paper copy or microfiche form beginning with
fiscal year 1965. Prior to 1978, INS statistical data were
included in the Annual Report of the Immigration and
Naturalization Service. Those reports contain descriptions
of INS' activities and accomplishments in addition to the
statistical tables.
To order the Yearbook or the Public Use Files, call NTIS at
(703) 487-4650; FAX: (703) 321-8547.
VIII. DATA GAPS
The text and table on the estimated number of aliens and
citizens admitted by state and port of entry are omitted
from this edition of the Statistical Yearbook. The largest
component of the admissions is the number of persons who
enter at land border ports. Information developed from
survey data indicates that the estimation procedures used
during the past few years at some land ports have resulted
in an overstatement of the total number of entries into the
United States. The methodology used to derive estimates
of the number of passengers per vehicle and the proportion
of aliens and U.S. citizens is being evaluated and revised.
Publication of this data series is expected to resume in
future years.
Although a considerable amount of detailed information is
available about immigrants, temporary visitors, and other
categories of international migrants to the United States,
significant gaps remain in our knowledge about immigration
to the United States. In some areas these deficiencies
persist because of the inherent difficulty in estimating the
numbers, as is the case for emigration and illegal
immigration. As a result, no information about these two
categories is included in the Statistical Yearbook tables.
Emigration
The collection of statistics on emigration from the United
States was discontinued in 1957; no direct measure of
emigration has been available since then. Estimates
compiled in this country and statistics collected in other
countries indicate that emigration from the United States
has increased steadily since the 1950s, exceeding 100,000
per year since 1970. These figures are consistent with U.S.
historical experience; between 1900 and 1990,
approximately 38 million immigrants were admitted, and
an estimated 12 million foreign-born persons emigrated. '
That is, for every 100 immigrants admitted, roughly 30
returned home (see Table O).
The U.S. Bureau of the Census currently uses an annual
emigration figure of 222,000, which includes both citizens
and aliens, for computing national population estimates.
Statistics (shown below) on U.S. residents migrating to
other countries published by the United Nations and the
Warren. Robert and Ellen Percy Kraly, 1985. The Elusive Exodus:
Emigration from the United Slates, Population Trends and Public Policy
Occasional Paper No. 8, March, Population Reference Bureau
Washington, DC.
181
Table O
Immigration and Emigration by Decade: 1901-90
Immigrants Emigrants Net Ratio:
Period to the U.S. from the U.S. Immigration Emigration/
(Thousands) (Thousands) (Thousands) Immigration
Total, 1901-90 37,869 11,882 25,987 .31
1981-90 7,338 1,600 5,738 .22
1971-80 4,493 1,176 3,317 .26
1961-70 3,322 900 2,422 .27
1951-60 2,515 425 2,090 .17
1941-50 1,035 281 754 .27
1931-40 528 649 -121 1.23
1921-30 4,107 1,685 2,422 .41
1911-20 5,736 2,157 3,579 .38
1901-10 8,795 3,008 5,787 .34
Source: 1992 Statistical Yearbook, Table 1; Warren, Robert and Ellen Percy Kraly, 1985, The Elusive Exodus: Emigration from the United
States, Population Trends and Public Policy Occasional Paper No. 8, March, Population Reference Bureau: Washington, D.C.
Economic Commission for Europe indicate that
emigration from the United States could be substantially
above 200,000 annually.
Accurate, detailed, and timely estimates of emigration are
needed to develop and evaluate U.S. immigration policy,
to derive accurate national and local population estimates
(including estimates of illegal immigration), and to
measure coverage of the decennial censuses. The sketchy
data that are available indicate that emigration is a large
and growing component of U.S. population change.
However, partly because of inherent methodological
difficulties, data on emigration from the United States are
not being collected.
Emigration from the United States to
Top Ten Countries of Destination:
Selected Years, 1980s
All countries 241,000
1. Mexico 55,000
2. United Kingdom 31,000
3. Germany 29,000
4. Canada 20,000
5. Japan 19,000
6. Philippines 19,000
7. Guatemala 13,000
8. Indonesia 9,000
9. Australia 8,000
10. Italy 4,000
Source: 1989 U.N. Demographic Yearbook, Table 28; Economic
Commission for Europe, CES/710/Corr.
182
Illegal Immigrants 2
Background
In 1994 the INS released detailed estimates of the
undocumented immigrant population residing in the
United States as of October 1992. ' Those estimates were
useful for a variety of purposes, including planning and
policy development at the national and state level,
evaluating the effects of proposed legislation, and
assessing the fiscal impacts of undocumented
immigration.
Over the past 2 years, the INS has revised those estimates
and updated them to October 1996. The estimates
presented here incorporate new data on the foreign-born
population collected by the Census Bureau, improvements
in the methodology recommended by the Government
Accounting Office (GAO), suggestions provided by
outside reviewers, and further analyses of INS' data
sources and estimation procedures. Revised and updated
estimates of the undocumented population have been
computed for each state of residence and for nearly 100
countries of origin.
" These estimates were updated during and after fiscal year 1995. and
they became available just before this Yearbook went to print They are
included in this Yearbook as a convenience to the reader
Warren, Robert, 1994, Estimates of the Unauthorized Immigrant
Population Residing in the United States, by Country of Origin and Slate
of Residence: October 1992. Unpublished paper, US. Immigration and
Naturalization Service.
Table P
Estimated Illegal Immigrant Population for Top Twenty Countries of
Origin and Top Twenty States of Residence: October 1996
Country of origin
Population
State of residence
Population
All countries 5,000,000
1. Mexico 2,700,000
2. El Salvador 335,000
3. Guatemala 165,000
4. Canada 120,000
5. Haiti 105,000
6. Philippines 95,000
7. Honduras 90,000
8. Poland 70,000
9.Nicaragua 70,000
10. Bahamas 70,000
11. Colombia 65,000
12. Ecuador 55,000
13. Dominican Republic 50,000
14. Trinidad & Tobago 50,000
15. Jamaica 50,000
16. Pakistan 41,000
17. India 33,000
18. Dominica 32,000
19. Peru 30,000
20. Korea 30,000
Other 744,000
All states 5,000,000
1. California 2,000,000
2. Texas 700,000
3. New York 540,000
4. Florida 350,000
5. Illinois 290,000
6.New Jersey 135,000
7. Arizona 115,000
8. Massachusetts 85,000
9. Virginia 55,000
10. Washington 52,000
11. Colorado 45,000
12. Maryland 44,000
13. Michigan 37,000
M.Pennsylvania 37,000
15. New Mexico 37,000
16. Oregon 33,000
17. Georgia 32,000
18. District of Columbia 30,000
19. Connecticut 29,000
20. Nevada 24,000
Other 330,000
Methodology
The estimates were constructed by combining detailed
statistics, by year of entry, for each component of change
that contributes to the undocumented immigrant
population residing in the United States. For most
countries of the world, the typical way of entering the
undocumented population in the United States is to arrive
as a nonimmigrant and stay beyond the specified period
of admission. This segment of the population, referred to
here as "nonimmigrant overstays", constitutes roughly 40
percent of the undocumented immigrant population
residing in the United States. The rest of the population,
more widely publicized, enter surreptitiously across land
borders, usually between official ports of entry. This part
of the population, often referred to as EWIs (entry
without inspection), includes persons from nearly every
country, but a large majority of them are from Mexico;
most of the rest are natives of Central American
countries.
Primary Sets of Data
The figures presented here were constructed from five
primary sets of data. Each set of data was compiled
separately for 99 countries and each continent of origin.
1) Entered before 1 982— estimates (as of October 1988)
of the undocumented immigrant population who
established residence in the United States before 1982 and
did not legalize under the Immigration Reform and
Control Act (IRCA) of 1986. The assumption used to
estimate this part of the population is based on estimates
developed by the Census Bureau using data from the June
1988 Current Population Survey (CPS).
2) Net overstays — estimates for 1982 to 1996 of the net
number of nonimmigrant overstays, for 99 countries of
origin, derived from INS data bases. Estimates were
derived by: a) matching INS 1-94 arrival/departure
records; b) adjusting for the incomplete collection ol
departure forms; and c) subtracting the number oi
183
nonimmigrant overstays who subsequently either departed
or adjusted to legal resident status.
3) Net EWIs — estimates of the number from each country
who entered without inspection (EWI) and established
residence here between 1982 and 1996. A very large
majority of all EWIs are from Mexico. Average annual
estimates of Mexican EWIs were derived by: a) adjusting
the CPS count of the Mexican-born population for
underenumeration; b) subtracting the estimated legally
resident population counted in the CPS; and c) subtracting
the estimated number of net overstays.
4) Mortality — estimates of the annual number of deaths to
the resident undocumented immigrant population. The
estimates were derived using an annual crude death rate of
3.9 per 1,000, which was computed using a modified age
distribution of IRCA applicants and age-specific death
rates of the foreign-born population.
5) Emigration — estimates of the number of undocumented
immigrants who resided here at the beginning of a period
(either October 1988 or October 1992), and who emigrated
from the United States in the following 4-year period.
Estimates of emigration are based on statistics published
by the Census Bureau in Technical Paper No. 9.
Construction of the Estimates
Estimates of the undocumented immigrant population
were derived for October 1988, October 1992, and
October 1996 for 99 individual countries and for each
continent of origin. The calculations were carried out
separately for overstays and EWIs.
Estimates by State of Residence
In the earlier estimates for October 1992, the state
distribution of the undocumented population was based on
the U.S. residence pattern of each country's applicants for
legalization under IRCA; the results were summed to
obtain state totals. This assumed that, for each country of
origin, undocumented immigrants who resided in the
United States in October 1992 had the same U.S. residence
pattern as IRCA applicants from that country. The revised
and updated estimates presented here incorporate the same
assumption for the October 1988 undocumented
population. However, it was necessary to develop new
methods of deriving state estimates for October 1992 and
1996 that would reflect more recent patterns of geographic
settlement.
As noted, the estimates of the undocumented population
were constructed separately for overstays and EWIs. This
permitted the distribution of the overstay and EWI
populations to states using data most appropriate for the
type of population. For overstays, the cohorts that arrived
in the 1988-92 and 1992-96 periods were distributed to
state of residence based on annual estimates of overstays
by state of destination for 1986 to 1989. For EWIs who
entered during these periods, the totals were distributed to
state of residence using INS statistics for the early 1990s
on the destination of the beneficiaries of aliens who
legalized under IRCA.
Limitations
Estimating the size of a hidden population is inherently
difficult. Overall, the figures presented here generally
reflect the size, origin, and geographic distribution of the
undocumented immigrant population residing in the
United States during the mid-1990s. The estimates
probably reduce the range of error for the total population
to a few hundred thousand rather than a few million, which
was the error range during the late 1970s and into the
1980s. The estimates for most countries should be fairly
precise because they were constructed primarily from data
on nonimmigrant arrivals, departures, and adjustments of
status that have relatively small margins of error.
Although the estimates are based on the most reliable
information available, they clearly have limitations. For
example, the estimates make no allowance for students or
other long-term nonimmigrants, and the estimates for some
countries could be underestimated because of special
circumstances (e.g., Dominicans entering illegally via
Puerto Rico; ships arriving undetected from China).
The figures for some countries overstate the actual
undocumented population. In general, the net
nonimmigrant overstay figures are more likely to be
overestimates than underestimates because the collection
of departure forms for long-term overstays who depart
probably is less complete than for those who depart within
the first year.
The estimates include a large number of persons who have
not been admitted for lawful permanent residence but are
permitted to remain in the United States pending the
determination of their status or until conditions improve in
their country of origin. This category includes many of the
undocumented immigrants from El Salvador, aliens from
other countries in a status referred to as "deferred enforced
departure", and IRCA applicants whose cases have not
been finally resolved.
In a few cases, the estimates appear to be too high, but we
have no basis for making downward adjustments. For
example, the estimates for the Bahamas appear to be much
too large because they imply that a relatively large
proportion of the population is residing illegally in the
United States, whereas large-scale undocumented
immigration from the Bahamas has not been observed
previously. In addition, undocumented immigration from
Dominica is considerably higher than would be expected
based on the number of IRCA applicants from Dominica.
This overstatement could have occurred because of
processing problems with 1-94 arrival/departure
documents, with the result that overstays from Dominica
are overestimated and those from the Dominican Republic
underestimated.
The number of EWIs is the most difficult component to
estimate with precision, and errors in this component have
the largest effect on the estimated undocumented
population from Mexico. In particular, the shortage of
information about two components — emigration of legally
resident immigrants and undercount in the CPS — makes it
difficult to derive acceptable residual estimates of the
number of undocumented immigrants counted in the CPS.
The estimates presented here are based on the most
extensive array of figures ever compiled for the purpose;
nevertheless, they should be used with caution because of
the inherent limitations in the data available for estimating
the undocumented immigrant population. This uncertainty
was addressed by using alternative assumptions to produce
"high" and "low" population estimates for October 1996.
In the following discussion of the estimates, the mid-range
population figures are used for simplicity of presentation.
Results
National Estimates
The total number of undocumented immigrants residing in
the United States in October 1996 is estimated to be 5.0
million (Table P), with a range of about 4.6 to 5.4 million.
The estimate for October 1996 is about 1.1 million higher
than the revised estimate of 3.9 million for October 1992;
this implies that the population grew by about 275,000
annually during the 1992-96 period, about the same as the
annual growth of 281,000 estimated for the previous
period. The original INS estimates for October 1992 and
October 1988, released in 1994, showed average annual
growth of 300,000.
The undocumented population grows at varying levels
from year to year, but the data available to make these
estimates do not permit the derivation of annual figures to
measure year-to-year changes. However, the similar
levels of growth for the 1988-92 and 1992-96 periods,
281,000 and 275,000, respectively, suggest that the overall
level of growth has been fairly constant over the past
decade. This also indicates that the rate of growth of the
undocumented resident population has declined since
1988.
State of Residence
The estimates for states reflect the well-established pattern
of geographic concentration of undocumented immigrants
in the United States. As expected, California was the
leading state of residence, with 2.0 million, or 40 percent,
of the total number of undocumented residents in October
1996. Seven states — California (2.0 million), Texas
(700,000), New York (540,000), Florida (350,000), Illinois
(290,000), New Jersey (135,000), and Arizona (115,000) —
accounted for 83 percent of the population in October 1 996
(Table P).
The estimated undocumented population of California has
grown by an average of about 100,000 annually since the
end of the IRCA legalization program in 1988. More than
83 percent of total growth of the undocumented population
since 1988 has occurred in the top seven states. With the
exception of Massachusetts (6,000), none of the remaining
43 states grew by more than 3,000 undocumented residents
annually. In 27 states, the undocumented population grew
by an average of 1 ,000 or less each year.
Country of Origin
Mexico is the leading source country of undocumented
immigration to the United States. In October 1996 an
estimated 2.7 million undocumented immigrants from
Mexico had established residence here (Table P). Mexican
undocumented immigrants constituted about 54 percent of
the total undocumented population. The estimated
population from Mexico increased by just over 150,000
annually in both the 1988-92 and 1992-96 periods.
The estimated number of Mexican undocumented
immigrants who arrived between 1990 and 1996 is based
on data on country of birth and year of immigration
collected by the Census Bureau in the March 1994, 1995,
and 1996 Current Population Surveys (CPS). Demographic
analysis of the CPS data indicates that approximately
230,000 undocumented Mexican immigrants established
residence annually between 1990 and 1996. This is the net
annual addition of undocumented Mexicans who arrived
during the period. Note, however, that it does not reflect
the average annual growth of the Mexican undocumented
population. To compute average annual growth it is
necessary to subtract the number of undocumented
Mexicans who lived here in January 1990 and who
emigrated, died, or adjusted to legal permanent resident
status during the 1990-96 period. This last step produces
the estimate cited above of just over 150,000 annual growth
of the Mexican undocumented population since 1988.
In October 1996, 15 countries were each the source of
50,000 or more undocumented immigrants (Table P).
The top five countries are geographically close to the
185
United states — Mexico, El Salvador, Guatemala,
Canada, and Haiti. Of the top 15 countries, only the
Philippines and Poland are outside the Western
Hemisphere. The estimated undocumented population
from Poland has declined by more than 25 percent, from
95,000 to 70,000, since 1988, possibly reflecting
changed conditions in that country over the last several
years.
Although undocumented immigrants come to the United
States from all countries the world, relatively few
countries add substantially to the population. The annual
growth of the undocumented population can be grouped
into four disparate categories: 1) Mexico, with more than
half of the annual growth, adds just over 150,000
undocumented residents each year; 2) six countries — El
Salvador, Guatemala, Canada, Haiti, Honduras, and the
Bahamas — each add between 6,000 and 12,000 annually;
3) thirteen countries each add about 2,000 to 4,000
annually; and 4) the remaining approximately 200 other
countries add a total of about 30,000 undocumented
residents each year (Table P). A large majority of the
additions each year, more than 80 percent, are from
countries in the Western Hemisphere.
Summary
About 5.0 million undocumented immigrants were
residing in the United States in October 1996, with a range
of about 4.6 to 5.4 million. The population was estimated
to be growing by about 275,000 each year, which is about
25,000 lower than the annual level of growth estimated by
the INS in 1994.
California is the leading state of residence, with 2.0 million,
or 40 percent of the undocumented population. The 7 states
with the largest estimated numbers of undocumented
immigrants— California (2.0 million), Texas (700,000),
New York (540,000), Florida (350,000), Illinois (290,000),
New Jersey (135,000), and Arizona (115,000) — accounted
for 83 percent of the total population in October 1996.
The 5.0 million undocumented immigrants made up about
1.9 percent of the total U.S. population, with the highest
percentages in California, the District of Columbia, and
Texas. In the majority of states, undocumented residents
comprise less than 1 percent of the population.
Mexico is the leading country of origin, with 2.7 million,
or 54 percent, of the population. The Mexican
undocumented population has grown at an average annual
level of just over 150,000 since 1988. The 15 countries
with 50,000 or more undocumented immigrants in 1996
accounted for 82 percent of the total population. The
large majority, over 80 percent, of all undocumented
immigrants are from countries in the Western
Hemisphere.
About 2.1 million, or 41 percent, of the total undocumented
population in 1996 are nonimmigrant overstays. That is,
they entered legally on a temporary basis and failed to
depart. The proportion of the undocumented population
who are overstays varies considerably by country of origin.
About 16 percent of the Mexican undocumented population
are nonimmigrant overstays, compared to 26 percent of
those from Central America, and 91 percent from all other
countries.
186
Appendixes
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
Immigration Limits: Fiscal Year 1995
Glossary
Data Sources
Table Genealogy
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
PPENDLX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
The following compilation of federal immigration and naturalization statutes in the United States provides
an overview of the legislative history of immigration to the United States. It is not exhaustive either for the
number of bills enacted or for the specific points of law within each bill. This review of the federal legislative
process fosters a general understanding of the major issues as they developed in the area of immigration and
naturalization in the United States. The dates of enactment and Statutes-at-Large reference numbers are
presented in chronological order; they provide a basis for further inquiry for more detailed information.
Act
Major Features
Act of March 26, 1790
(7 Statutes-at-Large 103)
The first federal activity in an area previously under the control of the individual
states, this act established a uniform rule for naturalization by setting the residence
requirement at two years.
Act of January 29, 1795
(/ Statutes-at-Large 414)
Repealed the 1790 act, raised the residence requirement to five years and required a
declaration of intention to seek citizenship at least three years before naturalization
Naturalization Act of June 18, 1798
(/ Statutes-at-Large 566)
Provisions:
a. Clerks of court must furnish information about each record of naturalization
to the Secretary of State.
b. Registry of each alien residing in the United States at that time, as well as
those arriving thereafter.
c. Raised the residence requirement for naturalization to fourteen years.
Aliens Act of June 25, 1798
(/ Statutes-at-Large 570)
Represented the first Federal law pertinent to immigration rather than
naturalization. Provisions:
a. Authorized the President to arrest and/or deport any alien whom he deemed
dangerous to the United States.
b. Required the captain of any vessel to report the arrival of aliens on board
such vessel to the Collector, or other chief officer, of the Customs of the Port.
This law expired two years after its enactment.
Alien Enemy Act of July 6, 1798
(/ Statutesat-Large 577)
Provided that in the case of declared war or invasion the President shall have the
power to restrain or remove alien enemy males of fourteen years and upwards, but
with due protection of their property rights as stipulated by treaty.
6. Naturalization Act of April 14, 1802
(2 Statutes-at-Large 153)
Provisions:
a. Reduced the residence period for naturalization from fourteen to five years.
b. Established basic requirements for naturalization, including good moral
character, allegiance to the Constitution, a formal declaration of intention, and
witnesses.
All
.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
7. Steerage Act of March 2, 1819
(3 Statutes-at-Large 488)
First significant Federal law relating to immigration. Provisions:
a. Established the continuing reporting of immigration to the United States by
requiring that passenger lists or manifests of all arriving vessels be delivered to the
local Collector of Customs, copies transmitted to the Secretary of State, and the
information reported to Congress.
b. Set specific sustenance rules for passengers of ships leaving U.S. ports for Europe.
c. Somewhat restricted the number of passengers on all vessels either coming to
or leaving the United States.
Act of May 26, 1824
(4 Statutes-at-Large 36)
Facilitated the naturalization of certain aliens who had entered the United States as
minors, by setting a two-year instead of a three-year interval between declaration of
intention and admission to citizenship.
Act of February 22, 1847
(9 Statutes-at-Large 127)
"Passenger Acts," provided specific regulations to safeguard passengers on
merchant vessels. Subsequently amended by the Act of March 2, 1847 expanding
the allowance of passenger space.
1 0. Passenger Act of March 3, 1855
(10 Statutes-at-Large 715)
Provisions:
a. Repealed the Passenger Acts (see the 1 847 act) and combined their provisions
in a codified form.
b. Reaffirmed the duty of the captain of any vessel to report the arrival of alien
passengers.
c. Established separate reporting to the Secretary of Stale distinguishing
permanent and temporary immigration.
Act of February 19, 1862
(12 Statutes-at-Large 340)
Prohibited the transportation of Chinese "coolies" on American vessels
Act of July 4, 1864
(13 Statutes-at-Large 385)
First Congressional attempt to centralize control of immigration. Provisions:
a. A Commissioner of Immigration was appointed by the President to serve
under the authority of the Secretary of State.
b. Authorized immigrant labor contracts whereby would-be immigrants would
pledge their wages to pay for transportation.
On March 30, 1868, the Act of July 4, 1864 was repealed.
1 3. Naturalization Act of July 14, 1870
(16 Statutes-at-Large 254)
Provisions:
a. Established a system of controls on the naturalization process and penalties
for fraudulent practices.
h. Extended the naturalization laws to aliens of African nativity and to persons
ol African descent.
Act of March 3, 1875
l IS Statutes-at-Large 477)
Established the policy of direct federal regulation of immigration by prohibiting for
the first time entry to undesirable immigrants.
Provisions.
,i Excluded criminals and prostitutes from admission.
b. Prohibited Ihe bringing of any Oriental persons without their free and
voluntary consent; declared the contracting to supply "coolie" labor a felony.
c. Entrusted the inspection of immigrants to collectors of the ports.
PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
15. Chinese Exclusion Act of May 6, 1882
(22 Statutes-at-Large 58)
Provisions:
a. Suspended immigration of Chinese laborers to the United States for ten years.
b. Permitted Chinese laborers already in the United States to remain in the
country after a temporary absence.
c. Provided for deportation of Chinese illegally in the United States.
d. Barred Chinese from naturalization.
e. Permitted the entry of Chinese students, teachers, merchants, or those
"proceeding to the United States ... from curiosity."
On December 17, 1943, the Chinese exclusion laws were repealed.
16. Immigration Act of August 3, 1882
(22 Statutes-at-Large 214)
First general immigration law, established a system of central control of
immigration through State Boards under the Secretary of the Treasury. Provisions:
a. Broadened restrictions on immigration by adding to the classes of
inadmissible aliens, including persons likely to become a public charge.
b. Introduced a tax of 50 cents on each passenger brought to the United States.
17.
Act of February 26, 1885
(23 Statutes-at-Large 332)
The first "Contract Labor Law," made it unlawful to import aliens into the United
States under contract for the performance of labor or services of any kind.
Exceptions were for aliens temporarily in the United States engaging other
foreigners as secretaries, servants, or domestics; actors, artists, lecturers, and
domestic servants; and skilled aliens working in an industry not yet established in
the United States.
Act of February 23, 1887
(24 Statutes-at-Large 414)
Amended the Contract Labor Law to rendei n enforceable by charging the Secretary
of the Treasury with enforcement of the act and providing that prohibited persons be
sent back on arrival.
19.
Act of March 3, 1887
(24 Statutes-at-Large 476)
Restricted the ownership of real estate in the United States to American citizens and
those who have lawfully declared their intentions to become citizens, with certain
specific exceptions.
20.
Act of October 19, 1888
(25 Statutes-at-Large 566)
First measure since the Aliens Act of 1798 to provide for expulsion of aliens — directed
the return within one year after entry of any immigrant who had landed in violation of
the contract labor laws (see acts of February 26, 1885 and February 23, 1887).
21. Immigration Act of March 3, 1891
(26 Statutes-at-Large 1084)
The first comprehensive law for national control of immigration. Provisions:
a. Established the Bureau of Immigration under the Treasury Department to
administer all immigration laws (except the Chinese Exclusion Act).
b. Further restricted immigration by adding to the inadmissible classes persons
likely to become public charges, persons suffering from certain contagious disease,
felons, persons convicted of other crimes or misdemeanors, polygamists, aliens
assisted by others by payment of passage, and forbade the encouragement of
immigration by means of advertisement.
c. Allowed the Secretary of the Treasury to piescribe rules for inspection along
the borders of Canada, British Columbia, and Mexico so as not to obstruct or
unnecessarily delay, impede, or annoy passengers in ordinary travel between these
countries and the United States.
d. Directed the deportation of any alien who entered the United States unlawfully.
A.l-3
Appendix i
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
22.
Act of March 3, 1893
(27 Statutes-at-Large 570)
Provisions:
a. Added to the reporting requirements regarding alien arrivals to the United
States such new information as occupation, marital status, ability to read or write,
amount of money in possession, and facts regarding physical and mental health.
This information was needed to determine admissibility according to the expanding
list of grounds for exclusion.
b. Established boards of special inquiry to decide the admissibility of alien
arrivals.
23.
Act of April 29, 1902
(32 Statutes-at-Large 176)
Extended the existing Chinese exclusion acts until such time as a new treaty with
China was negotiated, and extended the application of the exclusion acts to insular
territories of the United States, including the requirement of a certificate of
residence, except in Hawaii.
24.
Act of February 14, 1903
(32 Statutes-at-Large 825)
Transferred the Bureau of Immigration to the newly-created Department of
Commerce and Labor, and expanded the authority of the Commissioner-General of
Immigration in the areas of rulemaking and enforcement of immigration laws.
25. Immigration Act of March 3, 1903
(32 Statutes-at-Large 1213)
An extensive codification of existing immigration law. Provisions:
a. Added to the list of inadmissible immigrants.
b. First measure to provide for the exclusion of aliens on the grounds of
proscribed opinions by excluding "anarchists, or persons who believe in, or
advocate, the overthrow by force or violence the government of the United States,
or of all government, or of all forms of law, or the assassination of public officials."
c. Extended to three years after entry the period during which an alien who was
inadmissible at the time of entry could be deported.
d. Provided for the deportation of aliens who became public charges within two
years after entry from causes existing prior to their landing.
e. Reaffirmed the contract labor law (see the 1885 act).
26.
Act of April 27, 1904
(33 Statutes-at-Large 428)
Reaffirmed and made permanent the Chinese exclusion laws. In addition, clarified
the territories from which Chinese were to be excluded.
27. Naturalization Act of June 29, 1906
(34 Statutes-at-Large 596)
Provisions:
a. Combined the immigration and naturalization functions of the federal
government, changing the Bureau of Immigration to the Bureau of Immigration and
Naturalization.
b. Established fundamental procedural safeguards regarding naturalization, such
as fixed fees and uniform naturalization forms.
c. Made knowledge of the English language a requirement for naturalization.
28. Immigration Act of February 20, 1907
(34 Statutes-at-Large 898)
A major codifying act that incorporated and consolidated earlier legislation:
a. Required aliens to declare intention of permanent or temporary stay in the
United States and officially classified arriving aliens as immigrants and
nonimmigrants, respectively.
b. Increased the head tax to $4.00 (established by the Act of August 3, 1882 and
raised subsequently).
c. Added to the excludable classes imbeciles, feeble-minded persons, persons
A. 1-4
Appendix i
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
Immigration Act of February 20, 1907 — cont.
with physical or mental defects which may affect their ability to earn a living,
persons afflicted with tuberculosis, children unaccompanied by their parents,
persons who admitted the commission of a crime involving moral turpitude, and
women coming to the United States for immoral purposes.
d. Exempted from the provisions of the contract labor law professional actors,
artists, singers, ministers, professors, and domestic servants.
e. Extended from two to three years after entry authority to deport an alien who
had become a public charge from causes which existed before the alien's entry.
f. Authorized the President to refuse admission to certain persons when he was
satisfied that their immigration was detrimental to labor conditions in the United
States. This was aimed mainly at Japanese laborers.
g. Created a Joint Commission on Immigration to make an investigation of the
immigration system in the United States. The findings of this Commission were the
basis for the comprehensive Immigration Act of 1917.
h. Reaffirmed the requirement for manifesting of aliens arriving by water and
added a like requirement with regard to departing aliens.
29. White Slave Traffic Act of
June 25, 1910
(36 Statutes-at-Large 825)
The Mann Act, prohibited the importation or interstate transportation of women for
immoral purposes.
30.
Act of March 4, 1913
(37 Statutes-at-Large 737)
Divided the Department of Commerce and Labor into separate departments and
transferred the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization to the Department of
Labor. It further divided the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization into a
separate Bureau of Immigration and Bureau of Naturalization, each headed by its
own Commissioner.
3 1 . Immigration Act of February 5, 1917
(39 Statutes-at-Large 874)
Codified all previously enacted exclusion provisions. In addition:
a. Excluded illiterate aliens from entry.
b. Expanded the list of aliens excluded for mental health and other reasons.
c. Further restricted the immigration of Asian persons, creating the "barred
zone" (known as the Asia-Pacific triangle), natives of which were declared
inadmissible.
d. Considerably broadened the classes of aliens deportable from the United States
and introduced the requirement of deportation without statute of limitation in certain
more serious cases.
32.
Act of May 22, 1918
(40 Statutes-at-Large 559)
"Entry and Departure Controls Act," authorized the President to control the
departure and entry in times of war or national emergency of any alien whose
presence was deemed contrary to public safety.
33.
Quota Law of May 19, 1921
(42 Statutes-at-Large 5)
The first quantitative immigration law. Provisions:
a. Limited the number of aliens of any nationality entering the United States to
three percent of the foreign-bom persons of that nationality who lived in the United
States in 1910. Approximately 350,000 such aliens were permitted to enter each
year as quota immigrants, mostly from Northern and Western Europe.
b. Exempted from this limitation aliens who had resided continuously for at least
one year immediately preceding their application in one of the independent
countries of the Western Hemisphere; nonimmigrant aliens such as government
officials and their households, aliens in transit through the United States, and
A.l-5
.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
Quota Law of May 19, 1921 — cont.
temporary visitors for business and pleasure; and aliens whose immigration is
regulated by immigration treaty.
c. Actors, artists, lecturers, singers, nurses, ministers, professors, aliens belonging
to any recognized learned profession, and aliens employed as domestic servants
were placed on a nonquota basis.
34.
Act of May 11, 1922
(42 Statutes-al-Large 540)
Extended the Act of May 19, 1921 for two years, with amendments:
a. Changed from one year to five-years the residency requirement in a Western
Hemisphere country.
b. Authorized fines of transportation companies for transporting an inadmissible
alien unless it was deemed that inadmissibility was not known to the company and
could not have been discovered with reasonable diligence.
35,
Immigration Act of May 26, 1924
(43 Statutes-at-Large 153)
The first permanent limitation on immigration, established the "national origins
quota system." In conjunction with the Immigration Act of 1917, governed
American immigration policy until 1952 (see the Immigration and Nationality Act
of 1952).
Provisions:
a. Contained two quota provisions:
1 . In effect until June 30, 1 927 — set the annual quota of any quota
nationality at two percent of the number of foreign-born
persons of such nationality resident in the continental United States in
1890 (total quota- 164,667).
2. From July 1, 1927 (later postponed to July 1, 1929) to December 31,
1952 — used the national origins quota system: the annual quota for
any country or nationality had the same relation to 150,000 as the
number of inhabitants in the continental United States in 1920 having
that national origin had to the total number of inhabitants in the
continental United States in 1920.
Preference quota status was established for: unmarried children under 21;
parents; spouses of U.S. citizens aged 21 and over; and for quota immigrants aged
21 and over who are skilled in agriculture, together with their wives and dependent
children under age 16.
b. Nonquota status was accorded to: wives and unmarried children under 18 of U.S.
citizens; natives of Western Hemisphere countries, with their families; nonimmigrants;
and certain others. Subsequent amendments eliminated certain elements of this law's
inherent discrimination against women but comprehensive elimination was not achieved
until 1952 (see the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952).
c. Established the "consular control system" of immigration by mandating that no
alien may be permitted entrance to the United States without an unexpired
immigration visa issued by an American consular officer abroad. Thus, the State
Department and the Immigration and Naturalization Service shared control of
immigration.
d. Introduced the provision that, as a rule, no alien ineligible to become a citizen
shall be admitted to the United States as an immigrant. This was aimed primarily at
Japanese aliens.
e. Imposed fines on transportation companies who landed aliens in violation of
U.S. Immigration laws.
f. Defined the term "immigrant" and designated all other alien entries into the
United States as "nonimmigrant" (temporary visitor). Established classes of
admission for nonimmigrant entries.
A. 1-6
.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
36. Act of May 28, 1924
(43 Statutes-at-Large 240)
37. Act of March 31, 1928
(45 Statutes-at-Large 400)
An appropriations law, provided for the establishment of the U.S. Border Patrol.
Provided more time to work out computation of the quotas established by the
Immigration Act of 1924 by postponing introduction of the quotas until July 1,
1929.
38.
Act of April 2, 1928
(45 Statutes-at-Large 401)
Provided that the Immigration Act of 1924 was not to be construed to limit the right
of American Indians to cross the border, but with the proviso that the right does not
extend to members of Indian tribes by adoption.
39.
Registry Act of March 2, 1929
(45 Statutes-at-Large 1512)
Amended existing immigration law authorizing the establishment of a record of
lawful admission for certain aliens not ineligible for citizenship when no record of
admission for permanent residence could be found and the alien could prove
entrance to the United States before July 1, 1924 (subsequently amended to June 3,
1921 by the Act of August 7, 1939—53 Statutes-at-Large 1243). Later incorporated
into the Alien Registration Act of 1940.
40.
Act of March 4, 1929
(45 Statutes-at-Large 1551)
Provisions:
a. Added two deportable classes, consisting of aliens convicted of carrying any
weapon or bomb and sentenced to any term of six months or more, and aliens
convicted of violation of the prohibition law for which a sentence of one year or
more is received.
b. Made reentry of a previously deported alien a felony punishable by fine or
imprisonment or both.
c. Made entry by an alien at other than at a designated place or by fraud to be a
misdemeanor punishable by fine or imprisonment or both.
d. Deferred the deportation of an alien sentenced to imprisonment until the
termination of the imprisonment.
41.
Act of February 18, 1931
(46 Statutes-at-Large 1171)
Provided for the deportation of any alien convicted of violation of U.S. laws
concerning the importation, exportation, manufacture, or sale of heroin, opium, or
coca leaves.
42.
Act of March 17, 1932
(47 Statutes-at-Large 67)
Provisions:
a. The contract labor laws were applicable to alien instrumental musicians
whether coming for permanent residence or temporarily.
b. Such aliens shall not be considered artists or professional actors under
the terms of the Immigration Act of 1917, and thereby exempt from the
contract labor laws, unless they are recognized to be of distinguished ability
and are coming to fulfill professional engagements corresponding to such
ability.
c. If the alien qualifies for exemption under the above proviso, the Secretary of
Labor later may prescribe such conditions, including bonding, as will insure the
alien's departure at the end of his engagement.
43.
Act of May 2, 1932
(47 Statutes-at-Large 145)
Amended the Immigration Act of 1917, doubling the allocation for enforcement of
the contract labor laws.
A. 1-7
.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
Act of July 1,1932
(47 Statutes-at-Large 524)
Amended the Immigration Act of 1924, providing that the specified classes of
nonimmigrant aliens be admitted for a prescribed period of time and under such
conditions, including bonding where deemed necessary, as would ensure departure
at the expiration of the prescribed time or upon failure to maintain the status under
which admitted.
45.
Act of July 11, 1932
(47 Statutes-at-Large 656)
Provided exemption from quota limits (i.e., give nonquota status) the husbands of
American citizens, provided that the marriage occurred prior to issuance of the visa
and prior to July 1, 1932. Wives of citizens were accorded nonquota status
regardless of the time of marriage.
46.
Act of June IS, 1935
(49 Statutes-at-Large 376)
Designated as a protection for American seamen, repealed the laws giving privileges of
citizenship regarding service on and protection by American vessels to aliens having
their first papers (i.e., having made declaration of intent to become American citizens).
47.
Act of May 14, 1937
(50 Statutes-at-Large 164)
Made deportable any alien who at any time after entering the United States:
a. was found to have secured a visa through fraud by contracting a marriage
which subsequent to entry into the United States had been judicially annulled
retroactively to the date of the marriage; or
b. failed or refused to fulfill his promises for a marital agreement made to
procure his entry as an immigrant.
48
Act of June 14, 1940
(54 Statutes-at-Large 230)
Presidential Reorganization Plan, transferred the Immigration and Naturalization
Service from the Department of Labor to the Department of Justice as a national
security measure.
49. Alien Registration Act of
June 28, 1940
(54 Statutes-at-Large 670)
Provisions:
a. Required registration of all aliens and fingerprinting those over 14 years of age.
b. Established additional deportable classes, including aliens convicted of
smuggling, or assisting in the illegal entry of, other aliens.
c. Amended the Act of October 16, 1919, making past membership — in addition
to present membership — in proscribed organizations and subversive classes of
aliens grounds for exclusion and deportation.
d. Amended the Immigration Act of 1917, authorizing, in certain meritorious
cases, voluntary departure in lieu of deportation, and suspension of deportation.
50.
Act of July 1, 1940
(54 Statutes-at-Large 711)
Amended the Immigration Act of 1924, requiring aliens admitted as officials of
foreign governments to maintain their status or depart.
51 . Nationality Act of October 14, 1940
(Effective January 13, 1941 as
54 Statutes-at-Large 1137)
Codified and revised the naturalization, citizenship, and expatriation laws to
strengthen the national defense. The naturalization and nationality regulations were
rewritten and the forms used in naturalization proceedings were revised.
52. Public Safety Act of June 20, 1941
(55 Statutes-at-Large 252)
Directed a consular officer to refuse a visa to any alien seeking to enter the United
States for the purpose of engaging in activities which would endanger the safety of
the United States.
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PPENDLX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
53.
Act of June 21, 1941
(55 Statutes-at-Large 252)
Extended the Act of May 22, 1918 — gave the President power, during a time of
national emergency or war, to prevent departure from or entry into the United States.
54.
Act of December 8, 1942
(56 Statutes-at-Large 1044)
Amended the Immigration Act of 1917, altering the reporting procedure in
suspension of deportation cases to require the Attorney General to report such
suspensions to Congress on the first and fifteenth of each month that Congress is in
session.
55.
Act of April 29, 1943
(57 Statutes-at-Large 70)
Provided for the importation of temporary agricultural laborers to the United States
from North, South, and Central America to aid agriculture during World War II.
This program was later extended through 1947, then served as the legal basis of the
Mexican "Bracero Program," which lasted through 1964.
56. Act of December 17, 1943
(57 Statutes-at-Large 600)
Amended the Alien Registration Act of 1940, adding to the classes eligible for
naturalization Chinese persons or persons of Chinese descent. A quota of 105 per
year was established (effectively repealing the Chinese Exclusion laws — see the Act
of May 6, 1882).
57.
Act of February 14, 1944
(58 Statutes-at-Large 11)
Provided for the importation of temporary workers from countries in the Western
Hemisphere pursuant to agreements with such countries for employment in
industries and services essential to the war efforts. Agreements were
subsequently made with British Honduras, Jamaica, Barbados, and the British
West Indies.
58. War Brides Act of
December 28, 1945
(59 Statutes-at-Large 659)
Waived visa requirements and provisions of immigration law excluding physical
and mental defectives when they concerned members of the American armed forces
who, during World War II, had married nationals of foreign countries.
59. G.I. Fiancees Act of June 29, 1946
(60 Statutes-at-Large 339)
Facilitated the admission to the United States of fiance(e)s of members of the
American armed forces.
60.
Act of July 2, 1946
(60 Statutes-at-Large 416)
Amended the Immigration Act of 1917, granting the privilege of admission to the
United States as quota immigrants and eligibility for naturalization races indigenous
to India and persons of Filipino descent.
62.
Act of August 9, 1946
(60 Statutes-at-Large 975)
Act of June 28, 1947
(61 Statutes-at-Large 190)
Gave nonquota status to Chinese wives of American citizens.
Extended by six months the Attorney General's authority to admit alien fiance(e)s
of veterans as temporary visitors pending marriage.
63.
Act of May 25, 1948
(62 Statutes-at-Large 268)
Amended the Act of October 16, 1918, providing for the expulsion and
exclusion of anarchists and similar classes, and gave the Attorney General
similar powers to exclude as the Secretary of State had through the refusal of
immigration visas.
A. 1-9
Appendix
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
64. Displaced Persons Act
of June 25, 1948
(62 Statutes-at-Large 1009)
First expression of U.S. policy for admitting persons fleeing persecution. Permitted
the admission of up to 205,000 displaced persons during the two-year period
beginning July 1, 1948 (chargeable against future year's quotas). Aimed at reducing
the problem created by the presence in Germany, Austria, and Italy of more than one
million displaced persons.
65.
Act of July 1, 1948
(62 Statutes-at-Large 1206)
Amended the Immigration Act of 1917. Provisions:
a. Made available suspension of deportation to aliens even though they were
ineligible for naturalization by reason of race.
b. Set condition for suspension of deportation that an alien shall have proved
good moral character for the preceding five years, and that the Attorney General
finds that deportation would result in serious economic detriment to a citizen or
legal resident and closely related alien, or the alien has resided continuously in the
United States for seven years or more.
66. Central Intelligence Agency Act
of June 20, 1949
(63 Statutes-at-Large 208)
Authorized the admission of a limited number of aliens in the interest of national
security. Provided that whenever the Director of the Central Intelligence
Agency, the Attorney General, and the Commissioner of Immigration determine
that the entry of a particular alien into the United States for permanent residence
is in the national security or essential to the furtherance of the national
intelligence mission, such alien and his immediate family may be given entry
into the United States for permanent residence without regard to their
admissibility under any laws and regulations or to their failure to comply with
such laws and regulations pertaining to admissibility. The number was not to
exceed 100 persons per year.
67. Agricultural Act of October 31, 1949
(63 Statutes-at-Large 1051)
Facilitated the entry of seasonal farm workers to meet labor shortages in the United
States. Further extension of the Mexican Bracero Program.
68.
Act of June 16, 1950
(64 Statutes-at-Large 219)
Amended the Displaced Persons Act of 1948. Provisions:
a. Extended the act to June 30, 1951 and its application to war orphans and
German expellees and refugees to July 1 , 1952.
b. Increased the total of persons who could be admitted under the act to 415,744.
69.
Act of June 30, 1950
(64 Statutes-at-Large 306)
Provided relief to the sheepherding industry by authorizing that, during a one-year
period, 250 special quota immigration visas be issued to skilled sheepherders
chargeable to oversubscribed quotas.
70.
Act of August 19, 1950
(64 Statutes-at-Large 464)
Made spouses and minor children of members of the American armed forces,
regardless of the alien's race, eligible for immigration and nonquota status if
marriage occurred before March 19, 1952.
Internal Security Act
of September 22, 1950
(64 Statutes-at-Large 987)
Amended various immigration laws with a view toward strengthening security
screening in cases of aliens in the United States or applying for entry.
Provisions:
a. Present and former membership in the Communist party or any other
totalitarian party or its affiliates was specifically made a ground for inadmissibility.
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.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
Internal Security Act of
September 22, 1950 — cont.
b. Aliens in the United States who, at the time of their entry or by reason of
subsequent actions, would have been inadmissible under the provisions of the
Internal Security Act, were made deportable regardless of the length of their
residence in the United States.
c. The discretion of the Attorney General in admitting otherwise inadmissible
aliens temporarily, and in some instances permanently, was curtailed or eliminated.
d. The Attorney General was given authority to exclude and deport without a
hearing an alien whose admission would be prejudicial to the public interest if the
Attorney General's finding was based on confidential information the disclosure of
which would have been prejudicial to the public interest of the United States.
e. The Attorney General was given authority to supervise deportable aliens
pending their deportation and also was given greater latitude in selecting the country
of deportation. However, deportation of an alien was prohibited to any country in
which the alien would be subject to physical persecution.
f. Any alien deportable as a subversive criminal, or member of the immoral
classes who willfully failed to depart from the United States within six months after
the issuance of the deportation order was made liable to criminal prosecution and
could be imprisoned for up to ten years.
g. Every alien residing in the United States subject to alien registration was
required to notify the Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization of his
address within ten days of each January 1st in which he resided in the United States.
72.
Act of March 28, 1951
(65 Statutes-at-Large 28)
Provisions:
a. Gave the Attorney General authority to amend the record of certain aliens who
were admitted only temporarily because of affiliations other than Communist.
b. Interpreted the Act of October 16, 1918 regarding exclusion and expulsion of
aliens to include only voluntary membership or affiliation with a Communist
organization and to exclude cases where the person in question was under sixteen
years of age, or where it was for the purpose of obtaining employment, food rations,
or other necessities.
73.
Act of July 12, 1951
(65 Statutes-at-Large 119)
Amended the Agricultural Act of 1949, serving as the basic framework under which
the Mexican Bracero Program operated until 1962. Provided that:
a. The U.S. government establish and operate reception centers at or near the
Mexican border; provide transportation, subsistence, and medical care from the
Mexican recruiting centers to the U.S. reception centers; and guarantee performance
by employers in matters relating to transportation and wages, including all forms of
remuneration.
b. U.S. employers pay the prevailing wages in the area; guarantee the workers
employment for three-fourths of the contract period; and provide workers with free
housing and adequate meals at a reasonable cost.
74.
Act of March 20, 1952
(66 Statutes-at-Large 26)
Provisions:
a. Amended the Immigration Act of 1917, making it a felony to bring in or
willfully induce an alien unlawfully to enter or reside in the United States.
However, the usual and normal practices incident to employment were not deemed
to constitute harboring.
b. Defined further the powers of the Border Patrol, giving officers of the
Immigration and Naturalization Service authority to have access to private lands, but
not dwellings, within 25 miles of an external boundary for the purpose of patrolling
the border to prevent the illegal entry of aliens.
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PPENDLX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
75.
Act of April 9, 1952
(66 Statutes-at-Large 50)
76. Immigration and Nationality Act
of June 27, 1952 (INA)
(66 Statutes-at-Large 163)
Added the issuance of 500 immigration visas to sheepherders.
Brought into one comprehensive statute the multiple laws which, before its
enactment, governed immigration and naturalization in the United States. In
general, perpetuated the immigration policies from earlier statutes with the
following significant modifications:
a. Made all races eligible for naturalization, thus eliminating race as a bar to
immigration.
b. Eliminated discrimination between sexes with respect to immigration.
c. Revised the national origins quota system of the Immigration Act of 1924 by
changing the national origins quota formula: set the annual quota for an area at
one-sixth of one percent of the number of inhabitants in the continental United
States in 1920 whose ancestry or national origin was attributable to that area. All
countries were allowed a minimum quota of 100, with a ceiling of 2,000 on most
natives of countries in the Asia-Pacific triangle, which broadly encompassed the
Asian countries.
d. Introduced a system of selected immigration by giving a quota preference to
skilled aliens whose services are urgently needed in the United States and to
relatives of U.S. citizens and aliens.
e. Placed a limit on the use of the governing country's quota by natives of
colonies and dependent areas.
f. Provided an "escape clause" permitting the immigration of certain former
voluntary members of proscribed organizations.
g. Broadened the grounds for exclusion and deportation of aliens.
h. Provided procedures for the adjustment of status of nonimmigrant aliens to that
of permanent resident aliens.
i. Modified and added significantly to the existing classes of nonimmigrant
admission.
j. Afforded greater procedural safeguards to aliens subject to deportation.
k. Introduced the alien address report system whereby all aliens in the United
States (including most temporary visitors) were required annually to report their
current address to the INS.
1. Established a central index of all aliens in the United States for use by security
and enforcement agencies.
m. Repealed the ban on contract labor (see Act of March 30, 1 868) but added
other qualitative exclusions.
77. Refugee Relief Act of August 7, 1953
(67 Statutes-at-Large 400)
Authorized the issuance of special nonquota visas allowing 214,000 aliens to
become permanent residents of the United States, in addition to those whose
admission was authorized by the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952.
78.
Act of September 3, 1954
(68 Statutes-at-Large 1145)
Provisions:
a. Made special nonquota immigrant visas available to certain skilled
sheepherders for a period of up to one year.
b. Exempted from inadmissibility to the United States aliens who had committed
no more than one petty offense.
79.
Act of September 3, 1954
(68 Statutes-at-Large 1146)
Provided for the expatriation of persons convicted of engaging in a conspiracy to
overthrow or levy war against the U.S. government.
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.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
80. Act of July 24, 1957
(71 Statutes-at-Large 311)
8 1 . Act of August 30, 1957
(71 Statutes-at-Large 518)
Permitted enlistment of aliens into the regular Army.
Exempted aliens who were survivors of certain deceased members of the U.S. armed
forces from provisions of the Social Security Act which prohibited the payment of
benefits to aliens outside the United States.
82. Refugee-Escapee Act
of September 11, 1957
(71 Statutes-at-Large 639)
Provisions:
a. Addressed the problem of quota oversubscription by removing the
"mortgaging" of immigrant quotas imposed under the Displaced Persons Act of
1948 and other subsequent acts.
b. Provided for the granting of nonquota status to aliens qualifying under the
first three preference groups on whose behalf petitions had been filed by a
specified date.
c. Facilitated the admission into the United States of stepchildren, illegitimate
children, and adopted children.
d. Conferred first preference status on spouse and children of first preference
immigrants if following to join the immigrant.
e. Set an age limit of fourteen for the adoption of orphans to qualify for nonquota
status and further defined which orphans were eligible under the act.
f. Gave the Attorney General authority to admit certain aliens formerly
excludable from the United States.
83.
Act of July 25, 1958
(72 Statutes-at-Large 419)
Granted admission for permanent residence to Hungarian parolees of at least two
years' residence in the United States, on condition that the alien was admissible at
time of entry and still admissible.
84.
Act of August 21, 1958
(72 Statutes-at-Large 699)
Authorized the Attorney General to adjust nonimmigrant aliens from temporary to
permanent resident status subject to visa availability.
85.
Act of September 22, 1959
(73 Statutes-at-Large 644)
Facilitated the entry of fiance(e)s and relatives of alien residents and citizens of the
United States by reclassifying certain categories of relatives into preference portions
of the immigration quotas. This was designed to assist in reuniting families both on
a permanent basis, through the amendments to the Immigration and Nationality Act
of 1952, and through temporary programs.
86.
Act of July 14, 1960
(74 Statutes-at-Large 504)
"Fair Share Refugee Act."
Provisions:
a. Authorized the Attorney General to parole up to 500 alien refugee-escapees
and make them eligible for permanent residence.
b. Amended the Act of September 2, 1958 to extend it to June 30, 1962.
c. Amended the Act of September 11, 1957, which provided special nonquota
immigrant visas for adopted or to-be-adopted orphans under 14 years of age,
extending it to June 30, 1961.
d. Amended the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, adding possession of
marijuana to the sections concerning excludable and deportable offenses.
e. Made alien seamen ineligible for adjustment from temporary to permanent
resident status.
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PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
87.
Act of August 17, 1961
(75 Statuies-at-Large 364)
Provided that, in peacetime, no volunteer is to be accepted into the Army or Air
Force unless the person is a citizen or an alien admitted for permanent residence.
Act of September 26, 1961
(75 Statutes-at-Large 650)
Liberalized the quota provisions of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952:
a. Eliminated the ceiling of 2,000 on the aggregate quota of the Asia-Pacific triangle.
b. Provided that whenever one or more quota areas have a change of boundaries
which might lessen their aggregate quota, they were to maintain the quotas they had
before the change took place.
c. Codified and made permanent the law for admission of adopted children.
d. Established a single statutory form of judicial review of orders of deportation.
e. Insured a minimum quota of 100 for newly independent nations.
f. Called for the omission of information on race and ethnic origin from the visa
application.
g. Strengthened the law against the fraudulent gaining of nonquota status by
marriage.
h. Authorized the Public Health Service to determine which diseases are
dangerous and contagious in constituting grounds for exclusion.
89.
Act of October 24, 1962
(76 Statutes-at-Large 1247)
Provisions:
a. Granted nonquota immigrant visas for certain aliens eligible for fourth
preference (i.e., brothers, sisters, and children of citizens) and for first preference
(i.e., aliens with special occupational skills).
b. Called for a semimonthly report to Congress from the Attorney General of first
preference petitions approved.
c. Created a record of lawful entry and provided for suspension of deportation for
aliens who have been physically present in the United States for at least seven years
in some cases and ten years in others.
90. Act of December 13, 1963
(77 Statutes-at-Large 363)
91. Immigration and Nationality Act
Amendments of October 3, 1965
(79 Statutes-at-Large 911)
Extended the Mexican Bracero Program one additional year to December 31, 1964.
Provisions:
a. Abolished the national origins quota system (see the Immigration Act of 1924
and the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952), eliminating national origin, race,
or ancestry as a basis for immigration to the United States.
b. Established allocation of immigrant visas on a first come, first served basis,
subject to a seven-category preference system for relatives of U.S. citizens and
permanent resident aliens (for the reunification of families) and for persons with
special occupational skills, abilities, or training (needed in the United States).
c. Established two categories of immigrants not subject to numerical restrictions:
1 . Immediate relatives (spouses, children, parents) of U.S. citizens, and
2. Special immigrants: certain ministers of religion; certain former
employees of the U.S. government abroad; certain persons who lost
citizenship (e.g., by marriage or by service in foreign armed forces); and
certain foreign medical graduates.
d. Maintained the principle of numerical restriction, expanding limits to world
coverage by limiting Eastern Hemisphere immigration to 170,000 and placing a
ceiling on Western Hemisphere immigration (120,000) for the first time. However,
neither the preference categories nor the 20,000 per-country limit were applied to
the Western Hemisphere.
A.l-14
.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
Immigration and Nationality Act
Amendments of October 3, 1965 — cont.
e. Introduced a prerequisite for the issuance of a visa of an affirmative finding by
the Secretary of Labor that an alien seeking to enter as a worker will not replace a
worker in the United States nor adversely affect the wages and working conditions
of similarly employed individuals in the United States.
92. Freedom of Information Act
of July 4, 1966
(80 Statutes-at-Large 250)
Provisions:
a. Established that the record of every proceeding before the INS in an
individual's case be made available to the alien or his attorney of record.
b. Required that public reading rooms be established in each Central and District
office of the INS, where copies of INS decisions could be made available to the
public.
Effective July 4, 1967.
93.
Act of November 2, 1966
(80 Statutes-at-Large 1161)
Authorized the Attorney General to adjust the status of Cuban refugees to that of
permanent resident alien, chargeable to the 120,000 annual limit for the Western
Hemisphere.
94.
Act of November 6, 1966
(80 Statutes-at-Large 1322)
Provisions:
a. Extended derivative citizenship to children bom on or after December 24, 1952
of civilian U.S. citizens serving abroad.
b. Provided that time spent abroad by U.S. citizens (or their dependent children)
in the employ of the U.S. Government or certain international organizations could be
treated as physical presence in the United States for the purpose of transmitting U.S.
citizenship to children bom abroad.
95.
Act of December 18, 1967
(81 Statutes-at-Large 661)
Facilitated the expeditious naturalization of certain noncitizen employees of U.S.
nonprofit organizations.
96.
Act of June 19, 1968
(82 Statutes-at-Large 197)
Omnibus crimes control and safe streets legislation, declared it illegal for aliens who
are illegally in the country and for former citizens who have renounced their
citizenship to receive, possess, or transport a firearm.
97.
Act of October 24, 1968
(82 Statutes-at-Large 1343)
Amended the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, providing for expeditious
naturalization of noncitizens who have rendered honorable services in the U.S.
armed forces during the Vietnam conflict, or in other periods of military
hostilities.
Act of April 7, 1970
(84 Statutes-at-Large 116)
Provisions:
a. Created two new classes of nonimmigrant admission — fiance(e)s of U.S.
citizens and intracompany transferees.
b. Modified the H 1 temporary worker class of nonimmigrant admission (workers of
distinguished merit and ability).
c. Altered the provisions of the law regarding the two-year residence
requirement, making it easier for nonimmigrants who have been in the United
States as exchange visitors to adjust to a different nonimmigrant status or to
permanent resident status.
A.l-15
.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
99.
Act of August 10, 1971
(85 Statutes-at-Large 302)
Amended the Communications Act of 1934, providing that lawful permanent
resident aliens be permitted to operate amateur radio stations in the United States
and hold licenses for their stations.
100. Act of September 28, 1971
(85 Statutes-at-Large 348)
Amended the Selective Service Act of 1967. Provided that:
a. Registration for the selective service shall not be applicable to any alien
admitted to the United States as a nonimmigrant as long as he continues to maintain
a lawful nonimmigrant status in the United States.
b. No alien residing in the United States for less than one year shall be inducted
for training and service into the U.S. armed forces.
101.
Act of October 27, 1972
(86 Statutes-at-Large 1289)
Reduced restrictions concerning residence requirements for retention of U.S.
citizenship acquired by birth abroad through a U.S. citizen parent and an alien parent.
102. Social Security Act Amendments
of October 30, 1972
(86 Statutes-at-Large 1329)
Amended the Social Security Act, providing that Social Security numbers be
assigned to aliens at the time of their lawful admission to the United States for
permanent residence or temporarily to engage in lawful employment.
103.
Act of October 20, 1974
(88 Statutes-at-Large 1387)
Repealed the "Coolie Trade" legislation of 1862. Such legislation, passed to protect
Chinese and Japanese aliens from exploitation caused by discriminatory treatment
from immigration laws then in effect, had become virtually inoperative because
most of the laws singling out oriental peoples had been repealed or modified.
104. Indochina Migration and Refugee
Assistance Act of May 23, 1975
(89 Statutes-at-Large 87)
105.
Act of June 21, 1976
(90 Statutes-at-Large 691)
Established a program of domestic resettlement assistance for refugees who have
fled from Cambodia and Vietnam.
Made Laotians eligible for programs established by the Indochina Migration and
Refugee Assistance Act of 1975.
106.
Act of October 12, 1976
(90 Statutes-at-Large 2243)
Placed restrictions on foreign medical school graduates (both immigrants and
nonimmigrants) coming to the United States for practice or training in the medical
profession. Effective January 10, 1977.
107. Immigration and Nationality Act
Amendments of October 20, 1976
(90 Statutes-at-Large 2703)
108 Act of October 20, 1976
Effective January 1, 1978
(90 Statutes-at-Large 2706)
Provisions:
a. Applied the same 20,000 per-country limit to the Western Hemisphere as
applied to the Eastern Hemisphere.
b. Slightly modified the seven-category preference system and applied it to the
Western Hemisphere.
c. Amended the 1966 act, providing that Cuban refugees who are adjusted to permanent
resident status will not be charged to any numerical limitation, provided they were
physically present in the United States on or before the effective date of these amendments.
Denied unemployment compensation to aliens not lawfully admitted for permanent
residence or otherwise permanently residing in the United States under color of law.
.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
109. Act of August 1, 1977
(91 Statutes-at-Large 394)
Eased restrictions on foreign medical school graduates, e.g., exempted aliens who are
of national or international renown in the field of medicine, and exempted certain
alien physicians already in the United States from the examination requirement. (See
Act of October 12, 1976.)
110.
Act of October 28, 1977
(91 Statutes-at-Large 1223)
Provisions:
a. Permitted adjustment to permanent resident status for Indochinese refugees
who are natives or citizens of Vietnam, Laos, or Cambodia, were physically present
in the United States for at least two years, and were admitted or paroled into the
United States during specified periods of time.
b. Extended the time limit during which refugee assistance may be provided to
such refugees.
111.
Act of October 5, 1978
(92 Statutes-at-Large 907)
Combined the separate ceilings for Eastern and Western Hemisphere immigration
into one worldwide limit of 290,000.
112.
Act of October 5, 1978
(92 Statutes-at-Large 917)
Provisions:
a. Made several changes pertaining to the adoption of alien children, including
permission for U.S. citizens to petition for the classification of more than two alien
orphans as immediate relatives.
b. Eliminated the requirement of continuous residence in the United States for
two years prior to filing for naturalization.
113.
Act of October 7, 1978
(92 Statutes-at-Large 963)
Made permanent the President's authority to regulate the entry of aliens and to
require U.S. citizens to bear valid passports when entering or leaving the United
States:
a. Called for unrestricted use of passports to and in any country other than a
country with which the United States is at war, where armed hostilities are in
progress, or where there is imminent danger to the public health or the physical
safety of U.S. travelers.
b. Declared it the general policy of the United States to impose restrictions on travel
within the United States by citizens of another country only when the government of
that country imposes restrictions on travel of U.S. citizens within that country.
114.
Act of October 14, 1978
(92 Statutes-at-Large 1263)
Required any alien who acquires or transfers any interest in agricultural land to submit
a report to the Secretary of Agriculture within 90 days after acquisition or transfer.
115.
Act of October 30, 1978
(92 Statutes-at-Large 2065)
Provided for the exclusion and expulsion of aliens who persecuted others on the
basis of race, religion, national origin, or political opinion under the direction of the
Nazi government of Germany or its allies.
116.
Act of November 2, 1978
(92 Statutes-at-Large 2479)
Provided for the seizure and forfeiture of vessels, vehicles, and aircraft used in
smuggling aliens or knowingly transporting aliens to the United States illegally. An
exception was made where the owner or person in control did not consent to the
illegal act.
A.l-17
PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
Panama Canal Act of
September 27, 1979
(93 Statutes-at-Large 452)
Allowed admission as permanent residents to certain aliens with employment on or
before 1977 with the Panama Canal Company, the Canal Zone government, or the
U.S. government in the Canal Zone, and their families.
118. Refugee Act of March 17, 1980
(94 Statutes-at-Large 102)
Provided the first permanent and systematic procedure for the admission and
effective resettlement of refugees of special humanitarian concern to the United
States:
a. Eliminated refugees as a category of the preference system.
b. Set the worldwide ceiling of immigration to the United States at 270,000,
exclusive of refugees.
c. Established procedures for annual consultation with Congress on numbers and
allocations of refugees to be admitted in each fiscal year, as well as procedures for
responding to emergency refugee situations.
d. Defined the term "refugee" (to conform to the 1967 United Nations Protocol on
Refugees) and made clear the distinction between refugee and asylee status.
e. Established a comprehensive program for domestic resettlement of refugees.
f. Provided for adjustment to permanent resident status of refugees who have
been physically present in the United States for at least one year and of asylees one
year after asylum is granted.
1 19. Refugee Education Assistance Act
of October 10, 1980
(94 Statutes-at-Large 1799)
Established a program of formula grants to State education agencies for basic
education of refugee children. Also provided for services to Cuban and Haitian
entrants identical to those for refugees under the Refugee Act of 1980.
120.
Act of June 5, 1981
(95 Statutes-at-Large 14)
Supplemental appropriations and rescissions bill, reduced previously-appropriated
funds for migration and refugee assistance, including funds provided for reception
and processing of Cuban and Haitian entrants.
121.
Act of August 13, 1981
(95 Statutes-at-Large 357)
Federal appropriations bill for fiscal year 1982, also contained items restricting the
access of aliens to various publicly-funded benefits. Immigration-related provisions:
a. Precluded the Secretary of HUD from making financial assistance available to
any alien unless that alien is a resident of the United States by virtue of admission or
adjustment as a permanent resident alien, refugee or asylee, parolee, conditional
entrant, or pursuant to withholding of deportation. Alien visitors, tourists,
diplomats, and students were specifically excluded.
b. Severely restricted eligibility of aliens to Aid to Families with Dependent
Children.
1 22. Immigration and Nationality Act
Amendments of December 20, 1981
(95 Statutes-at-Large 1611)
"INS Efficiency Bill," amended the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 and
the Act of November 2, 1978:
a. Authorized INS to seize vehicles without having to establish whether the
owner was involved in the illegal activity in question.
b. Eliminated the requirement that the government bear administrative and
incidental expenses where an innocent owner is involved.
c. Eliminated the requirement that the INS satisfy any valid lien or other third
party interest in a vehicle without expense to the interest holder.
d. Eliminated the required annual notification by aliens of their current address.
Appendix
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
123.
Act of September 30, 1982
(96 Statutes-at-Large 1157)
Allowed admission as permanent residents to certain nonimmigrant aliens residing
in the Virgin Islands.
124.
Act of October 2, 1982
(96 Statutes-at-Large 1186)
Greatly limited the categories of aliens to whom the Legal Services Corporation
may provide legal assistance.
125.
Act of October 22, 1982
(96 Statutes-at-Large 1716)
Provided that children born of U.S. citizen fathers in Korea, Vietnam, Laos,
Kampuchea, or Thailand after 1950 and before enactment, may come to the United
States as immediate relatives or as first or fourth preference immigrants.
126. Immigration Reform and Control
Act of November 6, 1986 (IRCA)
(700 Statutes-at-Large 3359)
Comprehensive immigration legislation:
a. Authorized legalization (i.e., temporary and then permanent resident status) for
aliens who had resided in the United States in an unlawful status since January 1,
1982 (entering illegally or as temporary visitors with authorized stay expiring before
that date or with the Government's knowledge of their unlawful status before that
date) and are not excludable.
b. Created sanctions prohibiting employers from knowingly hiring, recruiting, or
referring for a fee aliens not authorized to work in the United States.
c. Increased enforcement at U.S. borders.
d. Created a new classification of seasonal agricultural worker and provisions for
the legalization of certain such workers.
e. Extended the registry date (i.e., the date from which an alien has resided
illegally and continuously in the United States and thus qualifies for adjustment to
permanent resident status) from June 30, 1948 to January 1, 1972.
f. Authorized adjustment to permanent resident status for Cubans and Haitians
who entered the United States without inspection and had continuously resided in
country since January 1, 1982.
g. Increased the numerical limitation for immigrants admitted under the
preference system for dependent areas from 600 to 5,000 beginning in fiscal year
1988.
h. Created a new special immigrant category for certain retired employees of
international organizations and their families and a new nonimmigrant status for
parents and children of such immigrants.
i. Created a nonimmigrant Visa Waiver Pilot program allowing certain aliens to
visit the United States without applying for a nonimmigrant visa.
j. Allocated 5,000 nonpreference visas in each of fiscal years 1987 and 1988 for
aliens bom in countries from which immigration was adversely affected by the 1965
act.
127. Immigration Marriage Fraud
Amendments of November 10, 1986
(100 Statutes-at-Large 3537)
Provisions:
a. Stipulated that aliens deriving their immigrant status based on a marriage of
less than two years are conditional immigrants. To remove conditional status, the
alien must apply within 90 days after their second-year anniversary of receiving
conditional status.
b. Required alien fiance(e)s of U.S. citizens to have met their citizen petitioner in
person within two years of the date the petition was filed.
A.l-19
.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
128. Amerasian Homecoming Act
of December 22, 1987
(101 Statutes-at-Large 1329)
An appropriations law providing for admission of children born in Vietnam between
specified dates to Vietnamese mothers and American fathers, together with their
immediate relatives. They are admitted as nonquota immigrants but receive refugee
program benefits.
129.
Act of September 28, 1988
(102 Statutes-at-Large 1876)
United States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement Implementation Act:
a. Facilitated temporary entry on a reciprocal basis between the United States and
Canada.
b. Established procedures for the temporary entry into the United States of
Canadian citizen professional business persons to render services for remuneration.
c. No nonimmigrant visa, prior petition, labor certification, or prior approval
required, but appropriate documentation must be presented to the inspecting officer
establishing Canadian citizenship and professional engagement in one of the
occupations listed in the qualifying occupation schedule.
1 30. Act of November 15, 1988
(102 Statutes-at-Large 3908)
131. Foreign Operations Act
of November 21, 1989
(103 Statutes-at-Large 1195)
Provided for the extension of stay for certain nonimmigrant H-l nurses.
An appropriations law, provided for adjustment to permanent resident status for
Soviet and Indochinese nationals who were paroled into the United States between
certain dates after denial of refugee status.
132.
Act of December 18, 1989
(103 Statutes-at-Large 2099)
The "Immigration Nursing Relief Act of 1989." Provisions:
a. Adjustment from temporary to permanent resident status, without regard to
numerical limitation, of certain nonimmigrants who were employed in the United States
as registered nurses for at least three years and meet established certification standards.
b. Establishment of a new nonimmigrant category for the temporary admission of
qualified registered nurses.
133. Immigration Act of
November 29, 1990
(104 Statutes-at-Large 4978)
A major overhaul of immigration law:
a. Increased total immigration under an overall flexible cap of 675,000
immigrants beginning in fiscal year 1995, preceded by a 700,000 level during fiscal
years 1992 through 1994. The 675,000 level to consist of: 480,000 family-
sponsored; 140,000 employment-based; and 55,000 "diversity immigrants."
b. Revised all grounds for exclusion and deportation, significantly rewriting the
political and ideological grounds. For example, repealed the bar against the
admission of communists as nonimmigrants and limited the exclusion of aliens on
foreign policy grounds.
c. Authorized the Attorney General to grant temporary protected status to
undocumented alien nationals of designated countries subject to armed conflict or
natural disasters.
d. Revised and established new nonimmigrant admission categories:
1. Redefined the H-l(b) temporary worker category and limited number
of aliens who may be issued visas or otherwise provided nonimmigrant
status under this category to 65,000 annually.
2. Limited number of H-2(b) temporary worker category aliens who may be
issued visas or otherwise provided nonimmigrant status to 66,000 annually.
A. 1-20
.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
Immigration Act of
November 29, 1990 — cont.
3. Created new temporary worker admission categories (O, P, Q, and R),
some with annual caps on number of aliens who may be issued visas or
otherwise provided nonimmigrant status.
e. Revised, and extended the Visa Waiver Pilot Program through fiscal year 1994.
f. Revised naturalization authority and requirements:
1. Transferred the exclusive jurisdiction to naturalize aliens from the
Federal and State courts to the Attorney General.
2. Amended the substantive requirements for naturalization: State
residency requirements revised and reduced to 3 months; added another
ground for waiving the English language requirement; lifted the
permanent bar to naturalization for aliens who applied to be relieved from
U.S. military service on grounds of alienage who previously served in the
service of the country of the alien's nationality.
g. Revised enforcement activities. For example:
1. Broadened the definition of "aggravated felony" and imposed new
legal restrictions on aliens convicted of such crimes.
2. Revised employer sanctions provisions of the Immigration Reform
and Control Act of 1986.
3. Authorized funds to increase Border Patrol personnel by 1,000.
4. Revised criminal and deportation provisions.
h. Recodified the 32 grounds for exclusion into nine categories, including
revising and repealing some of the grounds (especially health grounds).
1 34. Armed Forces Immigration
Adjustment Act of October 1, 1991
(105 Statutes-at-Large 555)
Provisions:
a. Granted special immigrant status to certain types of aliens who honorably
served in the Armed Forces of the United States for at least 1 2 years.
b. Delayed until April 1, 1992 the implementation of provisions relating to O and
P nonimmigrant visas. (See Act of November 29, 1990.)
135.
Act of December 12, 1991
(105 Statutes-at-Large 1733)
Miscellaneous and Technical Immigration and Naturalization Amendments Act,
amended certain elements of the Immigration Act of 1990. Revised provisions
regarding the entrance of O and P nonimmigrants, including the repeal of numerical
limits of visas for the P categories of admission, and made other technical
corrections. (See Act of November 29, 1990.)
1 36. Chinese Student Protection
Act of October 9, 1992
(106 Statutes-at-Large 1969)
Provided for adjustment to permanent resident status (as employment-based
immigrants) by nationals of the People's Republic of China who were in the United
States after June 4, 1 989 and before April 11,1 990.
1 37. Soviet Scientists Immigration
Act of October 10, 1992
(106 Statutes-at-Large 3316)
Provisions:
a. Conferred permanent resident status (as employment-based immigrants) on a
maximum of 750 scientists from the independent states of the former Soviet Union
and the Baltic states. The limit does not include spouses and children.
b. Stipulated that employment must be in the biological, chemical, or nuclear
technical field or work in conjunction with j high technology defense project.
c. Waived the requirement that workers with expertise in these fields were
needed by an employer in the United States.
A.l-21
.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
138.
Act of December 8, 1993
(107Statutes-at-Large 2057)
North American Free-Trade Agreement Implementation Act (supersedes the United
States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement Act of September 28, 1988):
a. Facilitated temporary entry on a reciprocal basis between the United States and
Canada and Mexico.
b. Established procedures for the temporary entry into the United States of
Canadian and Mexican citizen professional business persons to render services for
remuneration:
1. For Canadians, no nonimmigrant visa, prior petition, labor certification,
or prior approval required, but appropriate documentation must be presented to the
inspecting officer establishing Canadian citizenship and professional engagement in
one of the occupations listed in the qualifying occupation schedule;
2. For Mexicans, nonimmigrant visa, prior petition by employer, and
Department of Labor attestation are required in addition to proof of Mexican
citizenship and professional engagement in one of the occupations listed in the
qualifying occupation schedule;
3. For Canadians, nonimmigrant visas are not required of spouses and minor
children who possess Canadian citizenship;
4. For Mexicans, nonimmigrant visas are required of spouses and minor
children who possess Mexican citizenship;
5. For Canadians, no limit to number of admissions;
6. For Mexicans, a limit was set for a transition period for up to ten years at
5,500 initial petition approvals per year.
139.
Act of September 13, 1994
(108Statutes-at-Large 1796)
Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. Provisions:
a. Authorized establishment of a criminal alien tracking center.
b. Established a new nonimmigrant classification for alien witness cooperation
and counterterrorism information.
c. Revised deportation procedures for certain criminal aliens who are not
permanent residents and expanded special deportation proceedings.
d. Provided for expeditious deportation for denied asylum applicants.
e. Provided for improved border management through increased resources.
f. Strengthened penalties for passport and visa offenses.
A. 1-22
.PPENDIX 1
Immigration and Naturalization Legislation
Sources:
American Council for Nationalities Service, Interpreter Releases, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (weekly).
Auerbach, Frank L., Immigration Laws of the United States, The Bobbs-Merrill Company, Inc.. Indianapolis, 1955.
Gordon, Charles and Ellen Gittel Gordon, Immigration and Nationality Law, Matthew Bender & Company, New York, 1 979.
History of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, Report of the Senate Judiciary Committee for the use of the Select Commission
of Immigration and Refugee Policy, 96th Congress, 2d Session, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1980.
Hutchison, Edward P., Legislative History of American Immigration Policy, 1798-1965, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, 1981 .
United States Statutes at Large, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, Annual Reports, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, The I & N Reporter (entitled The INS Reporter, starting with Fall 1976 edition)
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (quarterly).
U.S. Immigration Law and Policy: 1952-1986, Report of the Senate Subcommittee on Immigration and Refugee Affairs, Senate Judiciary
Committee, 100th Congress, 1st Session, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1988.
Immigration and Nationality Act (Reflecting Laws Enacted As of May 1, 1995), Prepared for the use of the Committee of the Judiciary of
the House of Representatives, 104th Congress, 1st Session, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1995.
A.l-23
Appendix 2
Immigration Limits: Fiscal Year 1995
The Immigration Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-649) restructured the immigrant categories of admission and
made other modifications to the Immigration and Nationality Act (see Appendix 1, item 133 for
details). This appendix describes the immigration limits in effect in fiscal year 1995.
Preference Limits
The Immigration Act of 1990 divided the preference classes into two general categories: family-
sponsored and employment-based. Limits on the number of visas issued in these two categories are
determined annually.
Family -sponsored limits — The worldwide level for family-sponsored preferences is calculated as:
480,000
minus the number of aliens who were issued visas or adjusted to legal permanent residence in
the previous fiscal year as
1) immediate relatives of U.S. citizens,
2) children born subsequent to the issuance of a visa to an accompanying parent,
and
3) children born abroad to lawful permanent residents on temporary trips abroad,
plus certain unused preferences in the previous fiscal year.
The 1990 Act specifies that the family-sponsored limit may not go below a minimum of 226,000 in any
year. The number of legal permanent residents issued visas or who adjusted in fiscal year 1994 under
categories 1-3 listed above was 255,709, and 29,430 employment-based visas were unused in 1994.
The 1995 family-sponsored limit, therefore, was set to 253,721 (480,000 - 255,709 + 29,430 =
253,721). The limits for each of the family-sponsored preferences and their descriptions are shown in
Table A.
Employment-based limits — The 1990 Act specifies that the worldwide limit on employment-based
preference immigrants is equal to 140,000 plus certain unused preference visas in the previous year.
The limit for fiscal year 1995 was set to 146,503 (140,000 + 6,503 unused family-sponsored visas in
1994 = 146,503). The employment-based preferences and their limits are described in Table A.
Per-country limits — The per-country limit on preference immigration for independent countries is set to
7 percent of the total family and employment limits, while dependent areas are limited to 2 percent of
the total. The 1995 limit for independent foreign states is 28,016 (7 percent of 400,224) and the limit
for dependencies is 8,004 (2 percent of 400,224).
A.2-2
.PPENDIX 2
Immigration Limits: Fiscal Year 1995
Table A
Immigration Limits: Fiscal Year 1995
Preference
Description
Limit
Family-sponsored preferences
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Employment-based preferences
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Unmarried sons and daughters of U.S. citizens and their children.
Spouses, children, and unmarried sons and daughters of permanent
resident aliens.
Spouses and children receive at least 77 percent of the visas
issued. The remaining visas are issued to unmarried sons and
daughters (at least 21 years of age).
Married sons and daughters of U.S. citizens and their spouses and
children.
Brothers and sisters of U.S. citizens (at least 21 years of age) and
their spouses and children.
Priority workers and their spouses and children.
Priority workers are (1) persons of extraordinary ability,
(2) outstanding professors and researchers, and (3) certain
multinational executives and managers.
Professionals with advanced degrees or aliens of exceptional ability
and their spouses and children.
Skilled workers, professionals (without advanced degrees), needed
unskilled workers, and their spouses and children.
The number of unskilled workers is limited to 10,000.
Special immigrants and their spouses and children. The number of
certain religious workers is limited to 5,000.
Employment creation ("Investors") and their spouses and children.
253,721
23,400 '
141,921 2
23,400 :
65,000 :
146,503
41,858 3
41,858 2
41,858 2
10,465
10,464
Other numerically limited
immigrants specified in the
Immigration Act of 1990
Diversity immigrants. 55,000
Aliens from countries "adversely affected" by the Immigration and
Nationality Act Amendments of 1965 and their spouses and
children (Diversity Transition immigrants). 1,404
Asylees and their spouses and children. 10,000
1 Plus unused family 4th preference visas. 2 Visas not used in higher preferences may be used in these categories ' Plus unused employment 4th and
5th preference visas.
A.2-3
.PPENDIX 3
Glossary
Acquired Citizenship — Citizenship conferred at birth
on children born abroad to a U.S. citizen parent(s).
Adjustment to Immigrant Status — Procedure allowing
certain aliens already in the United States to apply for
immigrant status. Aliens admitted to the United States in
a nonimmigrant or other category may have their status
changed to that of lawful permanent resident if they are
eligible to receive an immigrant visa and one is
immediately available. In such cases, the alien is counted
as an immigrant as of the date of adjustment, even though
the alien may have been in the United States for an
extended period of time.
Adversely Affected — See Nonpreference Category.
Agricultural Workers — As a nonimmigrant class of
admission, an alien coming temporarily to the United
States to perform agricultural labor or services, as defined
by the Secretary of Labor. This nonimmigrant category
was established as a separate class of admission by the
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986.
Alien — Any person not a citizen or national of the
United States.
Amerasian Act — Public Law 97-359 (Act of 10/22/82)
provides for the immigration to the United States of
certain Amerasian children. In order to qualify for
benefits under this law, an alien must have been born in
Cambodia, Korea, Laos, Thailand, or Vietnam after
December 31, 1950 and before October 22, 1982, and
have been fathered by a U.S. citizen.
Amerasian (Vietnam) — Immigrant visas are issued to
Amerasians under Public Law 100-202 (Act of 12/22/87),
which provides for the admission of aliens born in
Vietnam between January 1, 1962 and January 1, 1976 if
the alien was fathered by a U.S. citizen. Spouses,
children, and parents or guardians may accompany the
alien.
Area Control — Enforcement operations conducted by
the Immigration and Naturalization Service's
Investigations Division to locate and apprehend aliens
illegally in the United States. Area Control focused on
aliens in places of employment where illegal aliens were
concentrated. This enforcement technique declined in
importance in the mid-1980s as the INS shifted its
emphasis to employer sanctions (see Employer
Sanctions).
Asylee — An alien in the United States or at a port of
entry unable or unwilling to return to his or her country of
nationality, or to seek the protection of that country
because of persecution or a well-founded fear of
persecution. Persecution or the fear thereof may be based
on the alien's race, religion, nationality, membership in a
particular social group, or political opinion. For persons
with no nationality, the country of nationality is
considered to be the country in which the alien last
habitually resided. Asylees are eligible to adjust to lawful
permanent resident status after one year of continuous
presence in the United States. These immigrants are
limited to 10,000 adjustments per fiscal year.
Beneficiaries — Those aliens who receive immigration
benefits from petitions filed with the U.S. Immigration
and Naturalization Service. Beneficiaries generally
derive privilege or status as a result of their relationship
(including that of employer-employee) to a U.S. citizen
or lawful permanent resident.
Border Crosser — An alien or citizen resident of the
United States reentering the country after an absence of
less than six months in Canada or Mexico, or a
nonresident alien entering the United States across the
Canadian border for stays of no more that six months or
across the Mexican border for stays of no more than 72
hours, or a U.S. citizen residing in Canada or Mexico
who enters the United States frequently for business or
pleasure, or an individual entering the U.S. on any flight
originating in Canada or Mexico.
Apprehension — The arrest of a deportable alien by the
Immigration and Naturalization Service. Each
apprehension of the same alien in a fiscal year is counted
separately.
Border Patrol Sector — Any one of 21 geographic areas
into which the United States is divided for the
Immigration and Naturalization Service's Border Patrol
activities.
A.3-2
PPENDIX 3
Glossary
Business Nonimmigrant — An alien coming
temporarily to the United States to engage in commercial
transactions which do not involve gainful employment in
the United States, i.e., engaged in international commerce
on behalf of a foreign firm, not employed in the U.S.
labor market, and receives no salary from U.S. sources.
Certificate of Citizenship — Identity document proving
U.S. citizenship. Certificates of citizenship are issued to
derivative citizens and to persons who acquired U.S.
citizenship (see definitions for Acquired and Derivative
Citizenship).
Child — An unmarried person under 21 years of age who
is: a legitimate child; a stepchild provided that the child
was under 18 years of age at the time that the marriage
creating the stepchild status occurred; a legitimated child
provided that the child was legitimate while in the legal
custody of the legitimating parent; a child adopted while
under 16 years of age who has resided since adoption in
the legal custody of the adopting parents for at least 2
years; or an orphan, under 16 years of age, who has been
adopted abroad by a U.S. citizen or has an immediate-
relative visa petition submitted in his/her behalf and is
coming to the United States for adoption by a U.S.
citizen.
Conditional Immigrant —
Fraud Amendments of 1986.
See Immigration Marriage
Country of Former Allegiance — The previous country
of citizenship of a naturalized U.S. citizen or of a person
who derived U.S. citizenship.
Country of Last Residence — The country in which the
alien habitually resided prior to entering the United
States.
Crewman — A foreign national serving in any capacity
on board a vessel or aircraft. Crewmen are admitted for
twenty-nine days, with no extensions. Crewmen required
to depart on the same vessel on which they arrived are
classified as D-ls. Crewmen who depart on a vessel
different than the one on which they arrived are classified
as D-2s. Although these aliens are nonimmigrants,
crewmen are not included in nonimmigrant admission data.
Crewman Technical (or Nonwillful) Violator — Any
crewman who through no fault of his or her own remains
in the United States more than 29 days (e.g., a crewman
hospitalized beyond the 29-day admission period).
Cuban/Haitian Entrant — Status accorded 1) Cubans
who entered the United States illegally between April 15,
1980 and October 10, 1980 and 2) Haitians who entered
the country illegally before January 1, 1981. Cubans and
Haitians meeting these criteria who have continuously
resided in the United States since before January 1, 1982,
and who were known to the INS before that date, may
adjust to permanent residence under a provision of the
Immigration Control and Reform Act of 1986.
Deferred Enforced Departure — See Extended
Voluntary Departure.
Deferred Inspection — See Parolee.
Departure Under Safeguards — The departure of an
illegal alien from the United States which is physically
observed by an Immigration and Naturalization Service official.
Dependent — Spouse, unmarried dependent child under
21 years of age, unmarried dependent child under 25
years of age who is in full-time attendance at a
postsecondary educational institution, or unmarried child
who is physically or mentally disabled.
Deportable Alien — An alien in the United States
subject to any of the 5 grounds of deportation specified in
the Immigration and Nationality Act. This includes any
alien illegally in the United States, regardless of whether
the alien entered the country illegally or entered legally
but subsequently violated the terms of his or her visa.
Deportation — The formal removal of an alien from the
United States when the presence of that alien is deemed
inconsistent with the public welfare. Deportation is
ordered by an immigration judge without any punishment
being imposed or contemplated. Data for a fiscal year
cover the deportations verified during that fiscal year.
Airlines, ship companies, or port officials provide the
Immigration and Naturalization Service with the
departure data on aliens who are deported.
A 3-?
PPENDIX 3
Glossary
Derivative Citizenship — Citizenship conveyed to
children through the naturalization of parents or, under
certain circumstances, to spouses of citizens at or
during marriage or to foreign-born children adopted by
U.S. citizen parents, provided certain conditions are
met.
District — Any one of thirty-three geographic areas into
which the United States and its territories are divided for
the Immigration and Naturalization Service's field
operations or one of three overseas offices located in
Rome, Bangkok, or Mexico City. Operations are
supervised by a district director located at a district office
within the district's geographic boundaries.
Diversity Transition — A transition towards the
permanent diversity program in fiscal year 1995,
allocating 40,000 visas annually during the period 1992-
94 to nationals of certain countries identified as having
been "adversely affected" by the Immigration and
Nationality Act Amendments of 1965 (P.L. 89-236). At
least 40 percent of the visas must be allocated to natives
of Ireland.
Employer Sanctions — The employer sanctions
provision of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of
1986 prohibits employers from hiring, recruiting, or
referring for a fee aliens known to be unauthorized to
work in the United States. Violators of the law are
subject to a series of civil fines or criminal penalties when
there is a pattern or practice of violations.
Exchange Visitor — An alien coming temporarily to the
United States as a participant in a program approved by
the Secretary of State for the purpose of teaching,
instructing or lecturing, studying, observing, conducting
research, consulting, demonstrating special skills, or
receiving training.
Exclusion — The formal denial of an alien's entry into
the United States. The exclusion of the alien is made by
an immigration judge after an exclusion hearing. Data for
a fiscal year cover the exclusions verified during that
fiscal year. Airlines, ship companies, or port officials
provide the Immigration and Naturalization Service with
the departure data on aliens who are excluded.
Exempt from the Numerical Cap — Those aliens
accorded lawful permanent residence who are exempt
from the provisions of the flexible numerical cap of
675,000 set by the Immigration Act of 1990. Exempt
categories include refugees, asylees, Amerasians,
adjustments under the legalization provisions of the
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, and certain
parolees from the former Soviet Union and Indochina.
Extended Voluntary Departure (EVD) — A special
temporary provision granted administratively to
designated national groups physically present in the
United States because the U.S. State Department judged
conditions in the countries of origin to be "unstable" or
"uncertain" or to have shown a pattern of "denial of
rights." Aliens in EVD status are temporarily allowed to
remain in the United States until conditions in their home
country change. Certain aliens holding EVD status from
Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Poland, and Uganda, who have
resided in the United States since July 1, 1984, were
eligible to adjust to temporary and then to permanent
resident status under the legalization program. The term
"deferred enforced departure" (DED) has replaced EVD
in general use.
Fiance(e)s of U.S. Citizen — A nonimmigrant alien
coming to the United States to conclude a valid marriage
with a U.S. citizen within ninety days after entry.
Files Control Office — An Immigration and Naturali-
zation Service field office — either a district (including
INS overseas offices) or a suboffice of that district —
where alien case files are maintained and controlled.
Fiscal Year — Currently, the twelve-month period
beginning October 1 and ending September 30.
Historically, until 1831 and from 1843-49, the twelve-
month period ending September 30 of the respective year;
from 1832-42 and 1850-67, ending December 31 of the
respective year; from 1868-1976, ending June 30 of the
respective year. The transition quarter (TQ) for 1976
covers the three-month period, July-September 1976.
Foreign Government Official — As a nonimmigrant
class of admission, an alien coming temporarily to the
United States who has been accredited by a foreign
A.3-4
PPENDIX 3
Glossary
government to function as an ambassador, public
minister, career diplomatic or consular officer, other
accredited official, or an attendant, servant or personal
employee of an accredited official, and all above
aliens' spouses and unmarried minor (or dependent)
children.
Foreign Information Media Representative — As a
nonimmigrant class of admission, an alien coming
temporarily to the United States as a bona fide
representative of foreign press, radio, film, or other
foreign information media and the alien's spouse and
unmarried minor (or dependent) children.
Foreign Medical School Graduate — An immigrant
who has graduated from a medical school or has qualified
to practice medicine in a foreign state, who was licensed
and practicing medicine on January 9, 1978, and who
entered the United States as a nonimmigrant on a
temporary worker or exchange visitor visa before January
10, 1978.
Foreign State of Chargeability — The independent
country to which an immigrant entering under the
preference system is accredited. No more than 7 percent
of the family-sponsored and employment-based visas
may be issued to natives of an independent country in a
fiscal year. Dependencies of independent countries
cannot exceed 2 percent of the family-sponsored and
employment-based visas issued. Since these limits are
based on visa issuance rather than entries into the United
States, and immigrant visas are valid for 4 months, there
is not total correspondence between these two
occurrences. Chargeability is usually determined by
country of birth. Exceptions are made to prevent the
separation of family members when the limitation for the
country of birth has been met.
General Naturalization Provisions — The basic
requirements for naturalization that every applicant must
meet, unless a member of a special class. General
provisions require an applicant to be at least 18 years of
age, a lawful permanent resident with five years of
continuous residence in the United States, and to have
been physically present in the country for halt that period.
Geographic Area of Chargeability — Any one of five
regions — Africa, East Asia, Latin America and the
Caribbean, Near East and South Asia, and the former
Soviet Union and Eastern Europe — into which the world
is divided for the initial admission of refugees to the
United States. Annual consultations between the
Executive Branch and the Congress determine the ceiling
on the number of refugees who can be admitted to the
United States from each area. In fiscal year 1987, an
unallocated reserve was incorporated into the admission
ceilings.
Hemispheric Ceilings — Statutory limits on immigration
to the United States in effect from 1968 to October 1978.
Mandated by the Immigration and Nationality Act
Amendments of 1965, the ceiling on immigration from
the Eastern Hemisphere was set at 170,000, with a per-
country limit of 20,000. Immigration from the Western
Hemisphere was held to 120,000, without a per-country
limit until January 1, 1977. The Western Hemisphere
was then made subject to a 20,000 per country limit.
Effective October 1978, the separate hemisphere limits
were abolished in favor of a worldwide limit of 290,000.
This limit was lowered to 280,000 for fiscal year 1980,
and to 270,000 for fiscal years 1981-91.
Immediate Relatives — Certain immigrants who
because of their close relationship to U.S. citizens are
exempt from the numerical limitations imposed on
immigration to the United States. Immediate relatives
are: spouses of citizens, children (under 21 years of age)
of citizens, parents of citizens 21 years of age or older,
and orphans adopted by citizens who are at least 21 years
of age.
Immigrant — An alien admitted to the United States as a
lawful permanent resident. Immigrants are those persons
lawfully accorded the privilege of residing permanently in
the United States. They may be issued immigrant visas
by the Department of State overseas or adjusted to
permanent resident status by the Immigration and
Naturalization Service in the United States.
Immigration Act of 1990 — Public Law 101-649 (Act of
November 29, 1990), which increased total immigration
A.3-5
Appendix 3
Glossary
to the United States under an overall flexible cap, revised
all grounds for exclusion and deportation, authorized
temporary protected status to aliens of designated
countries, revised and established new nonimmigrant
admission categories; revised and extended the Visa
Waiver Pilot Program; and revised naturalization
authority and requirements.
Immigration Marriage Fraud Amendments of 1986 —
Public Law 99-639 (Act of 11/10/86), which was passed
in order to deter immigration-related marriage fraud. Its
major provision stipulates that aliens deriving their
immigrant status based on a marriage of less than two
years are conditional immigrants. To remove their
conditional status the immigrants must apply at an
Immigration and Naturalization Service office during the
90-day period before their second-year anniversary of
receiving conditional status. If the aliens cannot show
that the marriage through which the status was obtained
was and is a valid one, their conditional immigrant status
is terminated and they become deportable.
Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) of 1986 —
Public Law 99-603 (Act of 1 1/6/86), which was passed in
order to control and deter illegal immigration to the
United States. Its major provisions stipulate legalization
of undocumented aliens, legalization of certain
agricultural workers, sanctions for employers who
knowingly hire undocumented workers, and increased
enforcement at U.S. borders.
Industrial Trainee — - See Temporary Worker.
Immigration and Nationality Act — The Act, which
along with other immigration laws, treaties, and
conventions of the United States, relates to the
immigration, exclusion, deportation, or expulsion of aliens.
International Representative — As a nonimmigrant
class of admission, an alien coming temporarily to the
United States as a principal or other accredited
representative of a foreign government (whether officially
recognized or not recognized by the United States) to an
international organization, an international organization
officer or employee, and all above aliens' spouses and
unmarried minor (or dependent) children.
Intracompany Transferee — An alien, employed by an
international firm or corporation, who seeks to enter the
United States temporarily in order to continue to work for
the same employer, or a subsidiary or affiliate, in a
capacity that is primarily managerial, executive, or
involves specialized knowledge.
IRCA — See Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986.
Labor Certification — Requirement falling on certain
persons whose immigration to the United States is
based on job skills or nonimmigrant temporary
workers (HI and H2 categories) coming to perform
services unavailable in the United States. Labor
certification is awarded by the Secretary of Labor when
there are insufficient numbers of U.S. workers available
to undertake the employment sought by an applicant and
when the alien's employment will not have an adverse
effect on the wages and working conditions of U.S.
workers similarly employed. Determination of labor
availability in the United States is made at the time of a
visa application and at the location where the applicant
wishes to work.
Legalization Dependents — A maximum of 55,000
visas were issued to spouses and children of aliens
legalized under the provisions of the Immigration Reform
and Control Act of 1986 in each of fiscal years 1992-94.
Legalized Aliens — Certain illegal aliens who were
eligible to apply for temporary resident status under the
legalization provision of the Immigration Reform and
Control Act of 1986. To be eligible, aliens must have
continuously resided in the United States in an unlawful
status since January 1, 1982, not be excludable, and have
entered the United States either 1) illegally before
January 1, 1982 or 2) as temporary visitors before
January 1, 1982, with their authorized stay expiring
before that date or with the Government's knowledge of
their unlawful status before that date. Legalization
consists of two stages — temporary and then permanent
residency. In order to adjust to permanent status aliens
must have had continuous residence in the United States,
be admissible as an immigrant, and demonstrate at least a
minimal understanding and knowledge of the English
language and U.S. history and government.
A. 1-6
PPENDIX 3
Glossary
Median Age — The age which divides the population
into two equal-sized groups, one younger and one older
than the median.
Medical and Legal Parolee — See Parolee.
Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) — The general
concept of an MSA is one of a large population nucleus
together with adjacent communities which have a high
degree of social and economic integration with that
nucleus. Tabulations in the Statistical Yearbook include
Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs), Primary
Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSAs), and New
England County Metropolitan Areas (NECMAs). MSAs
and PSAs are defined by the Office of Management and
Budget. PMSAs are components of larger metropolitan
complexes called Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical
Areas (CMSAs), which are not displayed in the
Yearbook.
National
state.
A person owing permanent allegiance to a
Nationality — The country of a person's citizenship. For
nonimmigrant data, citizenship refers to the alien's
reported country of citizenship.
NATO Official — As a nonimmigrant class of
admission, an alien coming temporarily to the United
States as a member of the armed forces or as a civilian
employed by the armed forces on assignment with a
foreign government signatory to NATO (North Atlantic
Treaty Organization), and the alien's spouse and
unmarried minor (or dependent) children.
Naturalization — The conferring, by any means, of
citizenship upon a person after birth.
Naturalization Court — Any court authorized to award
U.S. citizenship. Jurisdiction for naturalization has been
conferred upon the following courts: U.S. District Courts
of all states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico;
the District Courts of Guam and the Virgin Islands; and
state courts. Generally, naturalization courts are
authorized to award citizenship only to those persons who
reside within their territorial jurisdiction.
Naturalization Petition — The form used by a lawful
permanent resident to apply for U.S. citizenship. The
petition is filed with a naturalization court through the
Immigration and Naturalization Service.
New Arrival — A lawful permanent resident alien who
enters the United States at a port of entry. The alien is
generally required to present an immigrant visa issued
outside the United States by a consular officer of the
Department of State. Three classes of immigrants,
however, need not have an immigrant visa to enter the
United States— children born abroad to lawful permanent
resident aliens, children born subsequent to the issuance
of an immigrant visa to accompanying parents, and
American Indians born in Canada.
Nonimmigrant — An alien who seeks temporary
entry to the United States for a specific purpose. The
alien must have a permanent residence abroad (for
most classes of admission) and qualify for the
nonimmigrant classification sought. The non-
immigrant classifications are: foreign government
officials, visitors for business and for pleasure, aliens
in transit through the United States, treaty traders and
investors, students, international representatives,
temporary workers and trainees, representatives of
foreign information media, exchange visitors,
fiance(e)s of U.S. citizens, intracompany transferees,
and NATO officials. Most nonimmigrants can be
accompanied or joined by spouses and unmarried
minor (or dependent) children. Although refugees,
parolees, withdrawals, and stowaways are processed
as nonimmigrants upon arrival to the United States,
these classes, as well as crewmen, are not included in
nonimmigrant admission data. See other sections of
Glossary for detailed descripuons of classes of
nonimmigrant admission.
Nonpreference Category — Nonpreference visas were
available to qualified applicants nol entitled to one under
the other preferences until the category was eliminated
by the Immigration Act of 1990. Nonpreference visas
for persons not entitled to the other preferences had not
been available since September 1978 because of high
demand in the preference categories. An additional
5,000 nonpreference visas were available in each of
A.3-7
.PPENDIX 3
Glossary
fiscal years 1987 and 1988 under a provision of the
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. This
program was extended into 1989, 1990, and 1991 with
15,000 visas issued each year. Aliens born in countries
from which immigration was adversely affected by the
Immigration and Nationality Act Amendments of 1965
(Public Law 89-236) were eligible for the special
nonpreference visas.
North American Free-Trade Agreement (NAFTA) —
Public Law 103-182 (Act of 12/8/93), superseded the
United States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement as of 1/1/94.
Continues the special, reciprocal trading relationship
between the United States and Canada (see United States-
Canada Free-Trade Agreement), and establishes a similar
relationship with Mexico. See Appendix 1, Act of
December 8, 1993, for specific provisions.
Nursing Relief Act of 1989 — Public Law 101-238 (Act
of 12/18/89), provides for the adjustment to permanent
resident status of certain nonimmigrants who as of
September 1, 1989, had H-l nonimmigrant status as
registered nurses; who had been employed in that capacity
for at least 3 years; and whose continued nursing
employment meets certain labor certification requirements.
It also provides for a 5-year pilot program for admission of
nonimmigrant nurses under the H-l A category.
Occupation — For an alien entering the United States or
adjusting without a labor certification, occupation refers
to the employment held in the country of last or legal
residence or in the United States. For an alien with a
labor certification, occupation is the employment for
which certification has been issued.
Orphan — For immigration purposes, a child whose
parents have died or disappeared, or who has been
abandoned or otherwise separated from both parents. An
orphan may also be a child whose sole surviving parent is
incapable of providing that child with proper care and
who has, in writing, irrevocably released the child for
emigration and adoption. In order to qualify as an
immediate relative, the orphan must be under the age of
sixteen at the time a petition is filed on his or her behalf.
To enter the United States, an orphan must have been
adopted abroad by a U.S. citizen or be coming to the
United States for adoption by a citizen.
Panama Canal Act Immigrants — Three categories of
special immigrants established by Public Law 96-70 (Act
of 9/27/79): 1) certain former employees of the Panama
Canal Company or Canal Zone Government, their spouses
and children; 2) certain former employees of the U.S.
government in the Panama Canal Zone, their spouses and
children; and 3) certain former employees of the Panama
Canal Company or Canal Zone Government on April 1,
1979, their spouses and children. The Act provides for
admission of a maximum of 15,000 immigrants, at a rate
of no more than 5,000 each year. They are not, however,
subject to the worldwide limitation.
Parolee — An alien, appearing to be inadmissible to the
inspecting officer, allowed to enter the United States
under emergency (humanitarian) conditions or when that
alien's entry is determined to be in the public interest.
Parole does not constitute a formal admission to the
United States and confers temporary admission status
only, requiring parolees to leave when the conditions
supporting their parole cease to exist. Although these
aliens are processed as nonimmigrants upon arrival,
parolees are not included in nonimmigrant admission
data. Types of parolees include:
1 ) Deferred inspection — Parole may be granted to an alien
who appears not to be clearly admissible to the inspecting
officer. An appointment will be made for the alien's
appearance at another Service office where more information
is available and the inspection can be completed.
2) Advance parole — authorized at an INS District office
in advance of alien's arrival.
3) Port of entry parole — authorized at the port upon
alien's arrival.
4) Humanitarian parole — authorized at INS
headquarters, e.g., granted to an alien who has a serious
medical condition which would make detention or
immediate return inappropriate.
5) Public interest parole — authorized at INS
headquarters, e.g., granted to an alien who is a witness in
legal proceedings or is subject to prosecution in the
United States.
6) Overseas parole — authorized at an INS District or
suboffice while the alien is still overseas.
Per-Country Limit — The maximum number of family-
sponsored and employment-based preference visas that
A.3-8
Appendix 3
Glossary
can be issued to any country in a fiscal year. The limits
are calculated each fiscal year depending on the total
number of family-sponsored and employment-based visas
available. No more than 7 percent of the visas may be
issued to natives of an independent country in a fiscal
year; dependencies of independent countries cannot
exceed 2 percent. The per-country limit does not
indicate, however, that a country is entitled to the
maximum number of visas each year, just that it cannot
receive more than that number. Because of the combined
workings of the preference system and per-country limits,
most countries do not reach this level of visa issuance.
Permanent Resident Alien — See Immigrant.
Port of Entry — Any location in the United States or its
territories which is designated as a point of entry for
aliens and U.S. citizens. All district and files control
offices are also considered ports since they become
locations of entry for aliens adjusting to immigrant
status.
Preinspection — Complete immigration inspection of
airport passengers before departure from a foreign
country. No further immigration inspection is required
upon arrival in the United States other than submission of
INS Form 1-94 for nonimmigrant aliens.
Preference System (prior to fiscal year 1992) — The
six categories among which 270,000 immigrant visa
numbers are distributed each year during the period
1981-91. This preference system was amended by the
Immigration Act of 1990, effective fiscal year 1992.
(See Preference System (Immigration Act of 1990).)
The six categories were: unmarried sons and daughters
(over 21 years of age) of U.S. citizens (20 percent);
spouses and unmarried sons and daughters of aliens
lawfully admitted for permanent residence (26 percent);
members of the professions or persons of exceptional
ability in the sciences and arts (10 percent); married sons
and daughters of U.S. citizens (10 percent); brothers and
sisters of U.S. citizens over 21 years of age (24 percent);
and needed skilled or unskilled workers (10 percent). A
nonpreference category, historically open to immigrants
not entitled to a visa number under one of the six
preferences just listed, had no numbers available
beginning in September 1978.
Preference System (Immigration Act of 1990) — The
nine categories since fiscal year 1992 among which the
family-sponsored and employment-based immigrant
preference visas are distributed. The family-sponsored
preferences are: 1) unmarried sons and daughters of U.S.
citizens; 2) spouses, children, and unmarried sons and
daughters of permanent resident aliens; 3) married sons
and daughters of U.S. citizens; 4) brothers and sisters of
U.S. citizens. The employment-based preferences are: 1)
priority workers (persons of extraordinary ability,
outstanding professors and researchers, and certain
multinational executives and managers); 2) professionals
with advanced degrees or aliens with exceptional ability;
3) skilled workers, professionals (without advanced
degrees), and needed unskilled workers; 4) special
immigrants; and 5) employment creation immigrants
(investors). The number of visas issued annually may
vary; they are described in Appendix 2.
Principal Alien — The alien from whom another alien
derives a privilege or status under immigration law or
regulations (usually spouses and minor children).
Refugee — Any person who is outside his or her country
of nationality who is unable or unwilling to return to that
country because of persecution or a well-founded fear of
persecution. Persecution or the fear thereof may be based
on the alien's race, religion, nationality, membership in a
particular social group, or political opinion. People with
no nationality must be outside their country of last habitual
residence to qualify as a refugee. Refugees are exempt
from numerical limitation (though worldwide ceilings by
geographic area are set annually by the President) and are
eligible to adjust to lawful permanent residence after one
year of continuous presence in the United States.
Although these aliens are considered nonimmigrants when
initially admitted to the United States, refugees are not
included in nonimmigrant admission data.
Refugee Approvals — The number of refugees approved
for admission to the United States during a fiscal year.
Refugee approvals are made by Immigration and
Naturalization Service officers in overseas offices.
Refugee Arrivals — The number of refugees the
Immigration and Naturalization Service initially admits to
the United States through ports of entry during a fiscal year.
A.3-9
.PPENDIX 3
Glossary
Refugee Authorized Admissions — The maximum
number of refugees allowed to enter the United States in a
given fiscal year. As set forth in the Refugee Act of 1980
(Public Law 96-212) the annual figure is determined by
the President after consultations with Congress.
Refugee-Parolee — A qualified applicant for conditional
entry, between February 1970 and April 1980, whose
application for admission to the United States could not
be approved because of inadequate numbers of seventh
preference visas. As a result, the applicant was paroled
into the United States under the parole authority granted
the Attorney General.
Region — Any one of three areas of the United States
into which the Immigration and Naturalization Service
divides jurisdiction for operational purposes — Eastern
Region, Central Region, and Western Region.
Registry Date — Aliens who have continuously resided
in the United States in an unlawful status since January 1,
1972 are eligible to adjust to legal permanent resident
status under the registry provision. Before the date was
amended by the Immigration Reform and Control Act of
1986, aliens had to have been in the country continuously
since June 30, 1948 to qualify.
Required Departure — The directed departure of an alien
from the United States without an order of deportation.
The departure may be voluntary or involuntary on the part
of the alien, and may or may not have been preceded by a
hearing before an immigration judge. Data for a fiscal
year cover the required departures verified in that fiscal
year. Airlines, ship companies, or port officials provide
the Immigration and Naturalization Service with the
departure data on aliens required to depart.
Special Agricultural Workers (SAW) — Aliens who
performed labor in perishable agricultural commodities
for a specified period of time and were admitted for
temporary and then permanent residence under a
provision of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of
1986. Up to 350,000 aliens who worked at least 90 days
in each of the 3 years preceding May 1, 1986 were
eligible for Group I temporary resident status. Eligible
aliens who qualified under this requirement but applied
after the 350,000 limit was met and aliens who performed
A. 3-10
labor in perishable agricultural commodities for at least
90 days during the year ending May 1, 1986 were eligible
for Group II temporary resident status. Adjustment to
permanent resident status is essentially automatic for both
groups; however, aliens in Group I were eligible on
December 1, 1989 and those in Croup II were eligible one
year later on December 1, 1990.
Special Immigrants — Certain categories of immigrants
who were exempt from numerical limitation before fiscal
year 1992 and subject to limitation under the
employment-based fourth preference beginning in 1992:
persons who lost citizenship by marriage; persons who
lost citizenship by serving in foreign armed forces;
ministers of religion, their spouses and children; certain
employees and former employees of the U.S. Government
abroad, their spouses and children; Panama Canal Act
immigrants; certain foreign medical school graduates,
their spouses and children; certain retired employees of
international organizations, their spouses and children;
juvenile court dependents; certain aliens serving in the
U.S. Armed Forces, their spouses and children; and
religious workers, their spouses and children.
Special Naturalization Provisions — Provisions
covering special classes of persons who may be
naturalized even though they do not meet all the general
requirements for naturalization. Such special provisions
allow: 1) wives or husbands of U.S. citizens to be
naturalized in three years instead of the prescribed five
years; 2) a surviving spouse of a U.S. citizen who served
in the armed forces to file in any naturalization court
instead of where he/she resides; 3) children of U.S.
citizen parents to be naturalized without meeting the
literacy or civics requirements or taking the oath, if too
young to understand the meaning. Other classes of
persons who may qualify for special consideration are
former U.S. citizens, servicemen, seamen, and employees
of organizations promoting U.S. interests abroad.
Stateless — Having no nationality.
Stowaway — An alien coming to the United States
surreptitiously on an airplane or vessel without legal
status of admission. Such an alien is subject to denial of
formal admission and return to the point of embarkation
by the transportation carrier.
.PPENDIX 3
Glossary
Student — As a nonimmigrant class of admission, an
alien coming temporarily to the United States to pursue a
full course of study in an approved program in either an
academic (college, university, seminary, conservatory,
academic high school, elementary school, other
institution, or language training program) or a vocational
or other recognized nonacademic institution.
Subject to the Numerical Cap — Those aliens accorded
lawful permanent residence who are subject to the
provisions of the flexible numerical cap of 675,000 set by
the Immigration Act of 1990. Categories subject to the
limit include 480,000 family-sponsored immigrants
(including a minimum of 226,000 family-sponsored
preference immigrants and an unlimited number of
immediate relatives of U.S. citizens); 55,000 diversity
immigrants; and 140,000 employment-based preference
immigrants. The cap can be "pierced" if the number of
immediate relatives admitted exceeds 254,000. See
Appendix 2 for a discussion of the limits.
Suspension of Deportation — A discretionary benefit
adjusting an alien's status from that of deportable alien to
one lawfully admitted for permanent residence. Application
for suspension of deportation is made during the course of
a deportation hearing before an immigration judge.
Temporary Protected Status (TPS) — Establishes a
legislative base to the administrative practice of allowing a
group of persons temporary refuge in the United States.
Under a provision of the Immigration Act of 1990, the
Attorney General may designate nationals of a foreign state
to be eligible for TPS with a finding that conditions in that
country pose a danger to personal safety due to ongoing
armed conflict or an environmental disaster. Grants of TPS
are initially made for periods of 6 to 18 months and may be
extended depending on the situation. The legislation
designated El Salvador as the first country to qualify for this
program. Deportation proceedings are suspended against
aliens while they are in Temporary Protected Status.
Temporary Resident — See Nonimmigrant.
Temporary Worker — An alien worker coming to the
United States to work for a temporary period of time. The
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, the
Immigration Nursing Relief Act of 1989, and the
Immigration Act of 1990 revised existing classes and
created new classes of nonimmigrant admission.
Nonimmigrant worker classes of admission are as follows:
1) H-1A — registered nurses;
2) H-1B — workers with "specialty occupations"
admitted on the basis of professional education, skills,
and/or equivalent experience;
3) H-2A — temporary agricultural workers coming to the
United States to perform agricultural services or labor of
a temporary or seasonal nature when services are
unavailable in the United States;
4) H-2B — temporary non-agricultural workers coming to
the United States to perform temporary services or labor
if unemployed persons capable of performing the service
or labor cannot be found in the United States;
5) H-3 — aliens coming temporarily to the United States
as trainees, other than to receive graduate medical
education or training;
6) O-l, 0-2, 0-3 — temporary workers with extra-
ordinary ability or achievement in the sciences, arts,
education, business, or athletics; those entering solely for
the purpose of accompanying and assisting such workers;
and their spouses and children;
7) P-l, P-2, P-3, P-4— athletes and entertainers at an
internationally recognized level of performance; artists
and entertainers under a reciprocal exchange program;
artists and entertainers under a program that is "culturally
unique;" and their spouses and children;
8) Q — participants in international cultural exchange
programs;
9) R-l, R-2 — temporary workers to perform work in
religious occupations and their spouses and children.
Temporary visitors in the Exchange Visitor, Intracompany
Transferee, and U.S. -Canada or North American Free-Trade
Agreement classes of nonimmigrant admission also are granted
authorization to work temporarily in the United States. See
other sections of this Glossary for definitions of these classes.
Transit Alien — An alien in immediate and continuous
transit through the United States, with or without a visa,
including, 1) aliens who qualify as persons entitled to
pass in transit to and from the United Nations
Headquarters District and foreign countries and 2)
foreign government officials and their spouses and
unmarried minor (or dependent) children in transit.
A. 3- 11
.PPENDIX 3
Glossary
Transition Quarter — The three-month period — July 1
through September 30, 1976 — between fiscal year 1976
and fiscal year 1977. At that time, the fiscal year
definition shifted from July 1-June 30 to October 1-
September 30.
Transit Without Visa (TWOV) — A transit alien
traveling without a nonimmigrant visa under section 238
of the immigration law. An alien admitted under
agreements with a transportation line, which guarantees
his immediate and continuous passage to a foreign
destination. (See Transit Alien.)
Treaty Trader or Investor — As a nonimmigrant
class of admission, an alien coming temporarily to the
United States, under the provisions of a treaty of
commerce and navigation between the United States
and the foreign state of such alien, to carry on
substantial trade or to direct the operations of an
enterprise in which he has invested a substantial amount
of capital, and the alien's spouse and unmarried minor
(or dependent) children.
Underrepresented Countries, Natives of — The
Immigration Amendments of 1988, Public Law 101-658
(Act of 11/5/88) allows for 10,000 visas to be issued to
natives of underrepresented countries in each of fiscal
years 1990 and 1991. Under-represented countries are
defined as countries which received less than 25 percent
of the maximum allowed under the country limitations
(20,000 for independent countries and 5,000 for
dependencies) in fiscal year 1988.
United States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement —
Public Law 100-449 (Act of 9/28/88) established a
special, reciprocal trading relationship between the
United States and Canada. It provided two new classes
of nonimmigrant admission for temporary visitors to the
United States — Canadian citizen business persons and
their spouses and unmarried minor children. Entry is
facilitated for visitors seeking classification as visitors for
business, treaty traders or investors, intracompany
transferees, or other business people engaging in
activities at a professional level. Such visitors are not
required to obtain nonimmigrant visas, prior petitions,
labor certifications, or prior approval but must satisfy the
inspecting officer they are seeking entry to engage in
activities at a professional level and that they are so
qualified. The United States-Canada Free-Trade
Agreement was superseded by the North American Free-
Trade Agreement (NAFTA) as of 1/1/94. (See North
American Free-Trade Agreement.)
Visa Waiver Pilot Program — Allows citizens of
certain selected countries, traveling temporarily to the
United States under the nonimmigrant admission classes
of visitors for pleasure and visitors for business, to enter
the United States without obtaining nonimmigrant visas.
Admission is for no more than 90 days. The program
was instituted by the Immigration Reform and Control
Act of 1986 (entries began 7/1/88) and extended through
fiscal year 1997 by subsequent legislation. Currently,
there are 25 countries participating in this program.
Under the Visa Waiver Pilot Program, certain visitors
from designated countries may visit Guam for up to 15
days without first having to obtain a nonimmigrant
visitor visa. Currently, there are 16 countries
participating in this program.
Withdrawal — An alien's voluntary removal of an
application for admission to the United States in lieu of
an exclusion hearing before an immigration judge.
Although these aliens are technically considered
nonimmigrants when applying for entry, withdrawals are
not included in the nonimmigrant admission data.
Worldwide Ceiling — The numerical limit imposed on
immigration visa issuance worldwide beginning in fiscal
year 1979 and ending in fiscal year 1991. The ceiling in
1991 was 270,000 visa numbers. Prior to enactment of
Public Law 96-212 on March 17, 1980, the worldwide
ceiling was 290,000.
A.3-12
.PPENDIX 4
Data Sources
Data Series
Form Number and Title
Immigrants
♦ New arrivals (except children born subsequent
to issuance of immigrant visa to accompanying
alien parents; children born to lawful permanent
resident aliens during temporary visits abroad;
and American Indians born in Canada)
♦ Adjustments (and special new arrival cases listed
above)
Naturalizations
Nonimmigrants
Deportations
Required Departures
Exclusions
Performance Analysis
Refugees
Asylees
Apprehensions
OF-155 — (State Dept.) Immigrant Visa and Alien
Registration
OF-230 — (State Dept.) Application for Immigrant
Visa and Alien Registration
1-181 — Memorandum of Creation of Record of
Lawful Permanent Residence
N-400 — Application to File Petition for Naturalization
N-402 — Application to File Petition for Naturalization
in Behalf of Child
N-405 — Petition for Naturalization
N-480 — Naturalization Petitions Recommended to
be Granted
1-94 — Arrival / Departure Record
I-94W — Visa Waiver Arrival / Departure Form
1-154 — Deportation Docket Control Card
1-154 — Deportation Docket Control Card
1-161 — Record of Required Departure Authorized
Prior to OSC Issuance
1-259 — Notice to Detain, Deport, Remove, or
Present Aliens
1-275 — Notice of Withdrawal of Application for
Admission to the United States
1-295 — Notice of Decision (of Immigration Judge)
1-296 — Notice of Alien Ordered Excluded by
Immigration Judge
G-23 — Report of Field Operations
G-319 — Report of Applicants for Refugee Status
under Section 207, INA
1-94 — Arrival/Departure Record
1-590 — Registration for Classification as Refugee
1-589 — Request for Asylum in the United States
1-213 — Record of Deportable Alien
A.4-
.PPENDIX 5
Table Genealogy
1995
Immigrants
1. Immigration to the United States (historical ')
2. Immigration by region and country of last residence (historical ')
3. Immigrants admitted by region and country of birth (historical ')
4. Immigrants admitted by type and class of admission (historical ')
5. Immigrants admitted by region of birth and type and class of admission
6. Immigrants admitted by class of admission and foreign state of chargeability under the preference categories
7. Immigrants admitted by type of admission and country of birth
8. Immigrants admitted by class of admission and country of birth
9. Immigrants admitted by class of admission and country of last permanent residence
10. Immigrants adjusted to permanent resident status by status at entry and country of birth
1 1 . Immigrants admitted in current fiscal year by calendar year of entry, type of admission, and country of birth
12. Immigrants admitted by age, and sex (historical ')
13. Immigrants admitted by country of birth, age, and sex
14. Immigrants admitted by marital status, age, and sex
15. Immigrant-orphans adopted by U.S. citizens by sex, age, and country of birth
16. Immigrant new arrivals by port of entry and country of birth
17. Immigrants admitted by country of birth and state of intended residence
18. Immigrants admitted by state of intended residence (historical ')
19. Immigrants admitted by country of birth and metropolitan statistical area of intended residence
20. Immigrant beneficiaries of occupational preferences admitted by type of admission and occupation
21. Immigrants admitted by major occupation group and country of birth
Refugees, Asylees
22. Refugee-status applications (historical ')
23. Refugee-status applications by geographic area and country of chargeability
24. Refugee approvals and admissions by geographic area of chargeability (historical ')
25. Refugee arrivals into the United States by country of citizenship (historical ')
26. Refugees granted permanent resident status in current fiscal year by calendar year of entry and country of birth
27. Asylum cases filed with INS District Directors and Asylum Officers (historical ')
28. Number of individuals granted asylum by INS District Directors and Asylum Officers by nationality: (historical ')
A.5-2
.PPENDIX 5
Table Genealogy
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
Immigrants
1
1
1
1
i
1
1
1
1
IMM 1.1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
IMM 1.2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
IMM 1.3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
IMM 1.5
5
5
5
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
6
6
6
5
5
5
5
5
5
IMM 2.1
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
6
IMM 2.2
8
8
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
IMM 2.3
9
9
9
8
8
8
8
8
8
IMM 2.4
10
10
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
IMM 3.2
11
11
11
10
10
10
10
10
10
IMM 3.3
12
12
12
11
11
11
11
11
11
IMM 4.1
13
13
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
IMM 4.3
14
14
14
13
13
13
13
13
13
IMM 4.2 2
15
15
15
14
14
14
14
14
14
IMM 2.5 '
16
16
16
15
15
15
15
15
15
IMM 5.1 '
17
17
17
16
16
16
16
16
16
NA
18
18
18
17
17
17
17
17
17
IMM 5.2
19
19
19
18
18
18
18
18
NA
IMM 5.3
20
20
20
19
19
19
19
19
19
IMM 6.6
21
21
21
20
20
Refugees
20
, ASYLEES
20
20
18
IMM 6. 1
23
23
23
24
24
24
23
23
20
NA
24
24
24
25
25
25
24
24
21
REF 1 .3
25
25
25
26
26
26
25
25
22
REF1.1
26
26
26
27
27
27
26
26
23
REF 2.2
27
27
27
28
28
28
27
27
24
REF 5.2
28
28
28
NA
29 s
315
30'
30'
27'
NA
29
29
29
NA
30'
32'
31'
31 '
28'
NA
A.5 \
.PPENDIX 5
Table Genealogy
1995
Refugees, Asylees
29. Asylum cases filed with INS Asylum Officers by selected nationality
30. Asylum cases filed with INS Asylum Officers by asylum office and state of residence
31. Refugees and asylees granted permanent resident status by enactment (historical ')
32. Refugees and asylees granted permanent resident status by country of birth (historical ')
33. Refugees and asylees granted permanent resident status by age and sex (historical ')
34. Refugees and asylees granted permanent resident status by country of birth (historical ')
35. Refugees and asylees granted permanent resident status by country of birth and metropolitan statistical area of residence
36. Refugees and asylees granted permanent resident status by state of residence (historical ')
Nonimmigrants
37. Nonimmigrants admitted by class of admission and country of last residence (historical ')
38. Nonimmigrants admitted by class of admission and country of citizenship
39. Nonimmigrants admitted by class of admission (historical ')
40. Nonimmigrants admitted as temporary workers, exchange visitors, and intracompany transferees by country
of citizenship
41. Nonimmigrants admitted by port of entry and country of citizenship
42. Nonimmigrants admitted by age and country of citizenship
43. Nonimmigrants admitted by class of admission and state of intended residence
Naturalizations
44. Petitions for naturalization filed, persons naturalized, and petitions for naturalization denied (historical ')
45. Persons naturalized by general and special naturalization provisions (historical ')
46. Persons naturalized by naturalization provisions and country of former allegiance
47. Persons naturalized by country of former allegiance (historical ')
48. Persons naturalized by sex, marital status, and major occupation (historical ')
49. Persons naturalized by state of residence (historical ')
50. Persons naturalized by country of former allegiance and state of residence
5 1 . Persons naturalized by country of former allegiance and metropolitan area of residence
52. Persons naturalized by major occupation group and country of former allegiance
53. Persons naturalized in current fiscal year by calendar year of entry and country of birth
54. Persons naturalized by country of former allegiance, age, and sex
A.5-4
PPENDIX 5
Table Genealogy
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
Refugees
i, ASYLEES
30
30
30
NA
315
33 5
32'
32'
29'
NA
31
31
31
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
32
32
32
29
33
38
37
37
34
REF4.1
33
33
33
30
34
39
38
38
35
REF 4.2 >
34
34
34
31
35
7
7
7
7
7
35
35
35
32
36
40
39
39
36
REF 4.3
37
37
37
34
38
42
41
40
NA
NA
36
36
36
33
37
41
40
NA
NA
NA
Nonimmigrants
38
38
38
35
39
43
42
41
37
NIM 1.0
39
39
39
36
40
44
43
42
38
NIM 1.1
40
40
40
37
41
45
44
43
39
NIM 2.1
41
41
41
38
42
46
45
44
40
NIM 5.1
42
42
42
39
43
47
46
45
41
NIM 3.1
43
43
43
40
44
48
47
46
42
NIM 4.1
44
44
44
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Naturalizations
45
45
45
41
45
49
48
47
43
NAT 1.1
46
46
46
42
46
50
49
48
44
NAT 1.2
47
47
47
43
47
51
50
49
45
NAT 2.1
48
48
48
44
48
52
51
50
46
NAT 1.3
49
49
49
45
49
53
52
51
47
NAT 3.3
50
50
50
46
50
54
53
52
48
NAT 4.1
51
51
51
47
51
55
54
53
49
NAT 4.2
52
52
52
48
52
56
55
54
NA
NAT 4.3
53
53
53
49
53
57
56
55
50
NAT 5.1
54
54
54
50
54
58
57
56
51
NAT 5.2
55
55
55
51
55
59
58
57
52
NAT 3.2
A.5-5
PPENDIX 5
Table Genealogy
1995
Naturalizations
55. Persons naturalized by age, and sex (historical ')
56. Naturalization rates through current fiscal year of immigrants admitted in fiscal year 1977 by major class of admission
and occupation
57. Naturalization rates through current fiscal year of immigrants admitted in fiscal year 1977 by country of birth
Enforcement
58. Aliens apprehended and expelled (historical ')
59. Deportable aliens located by status at entry and country of nationality
60. Aliens excluded by cause (historical ')
61. Aliens excluded by cause (historical ')
62. Aliens excluded by country of birth (historical ')
63. Aliens under docket control required to depart by country of nationality (historical ')
64. Aliens under docket control required to depart by cause and country of nationality (historical ')
65. Aliens deported by cause (historical ')
66. Aliens deported by cause (historical ')
67. Aliens deported by country of nationality (historical ')
68. Aliens deported by country to which deported (historical ')
69. Aliens deported by cause and country of nationality
70. Aliens deported and under docket control required to depart by status at entry (historical ')
71. Aliens deported and expelled by region and district office
72. Service participation in the control of marijuana, narcotics, and dangerous drug traffic (historical ')
73. Principal activities and accomplishments of the Border Patrol (historical ')
Entries, Litigation, Legal Activity
74. Prosecutions, fines, and imprisonment for immigration and nationality violations (historical ')
75. Convictions for immigration and nationality violations (historical ')
76. Writs of habeas corpus, judicial review of orders of deportation, and declaratory judgements in exclusion and
deportation cases (historical ')
77. Private immigration and nationality bills introduced and laws enacted by Congress (historical ')
1 Historical tables show data for a number of years, which may vary in each edition of the Yearbook. 2 Data not shown by age;
shown by major occupation group. ' Data not shown by sex and age; shown by adoption category. 4 Data not shown by country of
birth. ' Excludes cases filed with Asylum Officers; Asylum Offices established for fiscal year 1992. 6 Data shown for refugees only.
A.5-6
PPENDIX 5
Table Genealogy
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
Naturalizations
56
56
56
52
56
60
59
58
53
NAT 3.1
57
57
57
53
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
58
58
58
54
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Enforcement
59
59
59
55
57
61
60
59
54
ENF 1.1
60
60
60
56
58
62
61
60
55
ENF1.2
61
61
61
57
59
63
62
61
56
ENF 2.1
62
62
62
57
59
63
62
61
56
ENF 2.1
63
63
63
58
60
64
63
62
57
ENF 2.2 "
64
64
64
59
61
65
64
63
58
NA
65
65
65
60
62
66
65
64
59
ENF 3.2
66
66
66
61
63
67
66
65
60
ENF 4.3
67
67
67
61
63
67
66
65
60
ENF 4.3
68
68
68
62
64
68
67 '
66"
61'
NA
69
69
69
63
65
69
68
67
62
ENF 4.4
70
70
70
64
66
70
69
68
63
ENF 4.2
71
71
71
65
67
71
70
69
64
ENF 4.6
72
72
72
66
68
72
71
70
65
ENF 4.8
73
73
73
67
69
73
72
71
66
ENF 5.1
74
74
74
68
70
74
73
72
67
ENF 5.2
Entries,
Litigation, Legal Activity
75
76
76
70
72
76
75
74
69
LIT1
76
77
77
71
73
77
76
75
70
LIT 2
77
78
78
72
74
78
77
76
71
LIT 3
78
79
79
73
75
79
78
77
NA
LEG 1
7 Data shown for asylees only for 1985 (REF 7.1), 1986 (31), 1987-88 (34), and 1989 (35). Data shown for refugees only for 1985
(REF 5.1), 1986 (25), 1987-88 (28), and 1989 (29). Data shown by selected country of birth. ■ Data shown by cause and for current year
only. ' Data are for calendar year.
NA Not available.
A.5-7
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